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32 lines
1.3 KiB
Markdown
32 lines
1.3 KiB
Markdown
*Concepts you may want to Google beforehand: 32-bit protected mode, VGA, video
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memory*
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**Goal: Print on the screen when on 32-bit protected mode**
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32-bit mode allows us to use 32 bit registers and memory addressing,
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protected memory, virtual memory and other advantages, but we will lose
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BIOS interrupts and we'll need to code the GDT (more on this later)
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In this lesson we will write a new print string routine which works in
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32-bit mode, where we don't have BIOS interrupts, by directly manipulating
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the VGA video memory instead of calling `int 0x10`. The VGA memory starts
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at address `0xb8000` and it has a text mode which is useful to avoid
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manipulating direct pixels.
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The formula for accessing a specific character on the 80x25 grid is:
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`0xb8000 + 2 * (row * 80 + col)`
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That is, every character uses 2 bytes (one for the ASCII, another for
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color and such), and we see that the structure of the memory concatenates
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rows.
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Open `32bit-print.asm` to see the code. It will always print the string
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on the top left of the screen, but soon we'll write higher level routines
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to replace it.
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Unfortunately we cannot yet call this routine from the bootloader, because
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we still don't know how to write the GDT and enter protected mode. Once
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you have understood the code, jump to the next lesson.
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