Embeddable: Create core dbs in proper subdirectory

100_core/src/gplx/Array_.java

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+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import gplx.core.strings.*; import gplx.core.lists.*;
+public class Array_ {
+	public static Object cast(Object o) {return (Object)o;}
+	public static void Sort(Object[] obj) {List_adp_sorter.new_().Sort(obj, obj.length);}
+	public static void Sort(Object[] obj, gplx.core.lists.ComparerAble comparer) {List_adp_sorter.new_().Sort(obj, obj.length, true, comparer);}
+	public static Object[] Insert(Object[] cur, Object[] add, int add_pos) {
+		int cur_len = cur.length, add_len = add.length;
+		Object[] rv = (Object[])Array_.Create(Array_.Component_type(cur), cur_len + add_len);
+		for (int i = 0; i < add_pos; i++)			// copy old up to add_pos
+			rv[i] = cur[i];
+		for (int i = 0; i < add_len; i++)			// insert add
+			rv[i + add_pos] = add[i];
+		for (int i = add_pos; i < cur_len; i++)		// copy old after add_pos
+			rv[i + add_len] = cur[i];
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static Object[] Replace_insert(Object[] cur, Object[] add, int curReplacePos, int addInsertPos) {
+		int curLen = cur.length, addLen = add.length; int newLen = addLen - addInsertPos;
+		Object[] rv = (Object[])Array_.Create(Array_.Component_type(cur), curLen + newLen);
+		for (int i = 0; i < curReplacePos; i++)							// copy old up to curInsertPos; EX: curReplacePos=5, addInsertPos=2; copy up to element 3; 4, 5 are dropped
+			rv[i] = cur[i];
+		for (int i = 0; i < addLen; i++)								// insert add
+			rv[i + curReplacePos] = add[i];
+		for (int i = curReplacePos + addInsertPos; i < curLen; i++)		// copy old after curReplacePos
+			rv[i + newLen] = cur[i];
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static Object Resize_add_one(Object src, int src_len, Object new_obj) {
+		Object rv = Resize(src, src_len + 1);	
+		Set_at(rv, src_len, new_obj);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static Object Resize(Object src, int trg_len) {		
+		Object trg = Create(Component_type(src), trg_len);		
+		int src_len = Array.getLength(src);								
+		int copy_len = src_len > trg_len ? trg_len : src_len;	// trg_len can either expand or shrink
+		Copy_to(src, 0, trg, 0, copy_len);
+		return trg;
+	}
+	public static List_adp To_list(Object ary) {	
+		int aryLen = Array_.Len(ary);
+		List_adp rv = List_adp_.New();
+		for (int i = 0; i < aryLen; i++)
+			rv.Add(Array_.Get_at(ary, i));
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static String To_str_nested_obj(Object o) {
+		Bry_bfr bfr = Bry_bfr_.New();
+		To_str_nested_ary(bfr, (Object)o, 0);	
+		return bfr.To_str_and_clear();
+	}
+	private static void To_str_nested_ary(Bry_bfr bfr, Object ary, int indent) {
+		int len = Len(ary);
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+			Object itm = Get_at(ary, i);
+			if (itm != null && Type_.Is_array(itm.getClass()))
+				To_str_nested_ary(bfr, (Object)itm, indent + 1);	
+			else {
+				if (indent > 0) bfr.Add_byte_repeat(Byte_ascii.Space, indent * 2);
+				bfr.Add_str_u8(Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null_mark(itm)).Add_byte_nl();
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	public static String To_str_obj(Object o) {return To_str((Object)o);}	
+	public static String To_str(Object ary) {	
+		String_bldr sb = String_bldr_.new_();
+		int ary_len = Len(ary);
+		for (int i = 0; i < ary_len; i++)
+			sb.Add_obj(Get_at(ary, i)).Add_char_nl();
+		return sb.To_str();
+	}
+		public static int Len(Object ary) {return Array.getLength(ary);}
+	public static final int Len_obj(Object[] ary) {return ary == null ? 0 : ary.length;}
+	public static Object Get_at(Object ary, int i) {return Array.get(ary, i);}
+	public static void Set_at(Object ary, int i, Object o) {Array.set(ary, i, o);}
+	public static Object Create(Class<?> t, int count) {return Array.newInstance(t, count);}
+	public static Object Expand(Object src, Object trg, int src_len) {
+		try					{System.arraycopy(src, 0, trg, 0, src_len);}
+		catch (Exception e)	{throw Err_.new_exc(e, "core", "Array_.Expand failed", "src_len", src_len);}
+		return trg;
+	}
+	public static void Copy(Object src, Object trg) {System.arraycopy(src, 0, trg, 0, Len(src));}
+	public static void Copy_to(Object src, Object trg, int trgPos) {System.arraycopy(src, 0, trg, trgPos, Len(src));}
+	public static void Copy_to(Object src, int srcBgn, Object trg, int trgBgn, int srcLen) {System.arraycopy(src, srcBgn, trg, trgBgn, srcLen);}
+	private static Class<?> Component_type(Object ary) {
+		if (ary == null) throw Err_.new_null();
+		return ary.getClass().getComponentType();
+	}
+	public static Object Resize_add(Object src, Object add) {
+		int srcLen = Len(src);
+		int trgLen = srcLen + Len(add);
+		Object trg = Create(Component_type(src), trgLen);
+		Copy(src, trg);
+		for (int i = srcLen; i < trgLen; i++)
+			Set_at(trg, i, Get_at(add, i - srcLen));
+		return trg;
+	}
+	public static Object     Clone(Object src) {
+		Object trg = Create(Component_type(src), Len(src));
+		Copy(src, trg);
+		return trg;
+	}
+	}

100_core/src/gplx/Array__tst.java

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+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Array__tst {
+	@Test  public void Resize_add() {
+		tst_Resize_add(ary_(), ary_(1), ary_(1));		// 0 + 1 = 1
+		tst_Resize_add(ary_(0), ary_(), ary_(0));		// 1 + 0 = 1
+		tst_Resize_add(ary_(0), ary_(1), ary_(0, 1));	// 1 + 1 = 2
+	}	void tst_Resize_add(int[] source, int[] added, int[] expd) {Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, (int[])Array_.Resize_add(source, added));}
+	@Test  public void Resize() {
+		tst_Resize(ary_(0), 0, ary_());				// 1 -> 0
+		tst_Resize(ary_(0, 1), 1, ary_(0));			// 2 -> 1
+	}	void tst_Resize(int[] source, int length, int[] expd) {Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, (int[])Array_.Resize(source, length));}
+	@Test  public void Insert() {
+		tst_Insert(ary_obj(0, 1, 4, 5), ary_obj(2, 3), 2, ary_obj(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
+	}	void tst_Insert(Object[] cur, Object[] add, int addPos, Object[] expd) {Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, Array_.Insert(cur, add, addPos));}
+	@Test  public void ReplaceInsert() {
+		tst_ReplaceInsert(ary_obj(0, 1, 4, 5)		, ary_obj(1, 2, 3), 1, 1, ary_obj(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
+		tst_ReplaceInsert(ary_obj(0, 1, 2, 4, 5)	, ary_obj(1, 2, 3), 1, 2, ary_obj(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
+		tst_ReplaceInsert(ary_obj(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)	, ary_obj(1, 2, 3), 1, 3, ary_obj(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
+		tst_ReplaceInsert(ary_obj(0, 1, 9, 4, 5)	, ary_obj(2, 3)   , 2, 1, ary_obj(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
+	}	void tst_ReplaceInsert(Object[] cur, Object[] add, int curReplacePos, int addInsertPos, Object[] expd) {Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, Array_.Replace_insert(cur, add, curReplacePos, addInsertPos));}
+	Object[] ary_obj(Object... ary) {return ary;}			
+	int[] ary_(int... ary) {return ary;}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Bool_.java

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+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Bool_ {//RF:2017-10-08
+	public static final String Cls_val_name = "bool";
+	public static final    Class<?> Cls_ref_type = Boolean.class; 
+
+	public static final boolean		N		= false	, Y			= true;
+	public static final byte		N_byte	= 0		, Y_byte	= 1		, __byte = 127;
+	public static final int		N_int	= 0		, Y_int		= 1		, __int  =  -1;
+	public static final    byte[] N_bry = new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Ltr_n}, Y_bry = new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Ltr_y};
+
+	public static final String		True_str = "true", False_str = "false";
+	public static final    byte[] True_bry = Bry_.new_a7(True_str), False_bry = Bry_.new_a7(False_str);
+
+	public static boolean		By_int(int v)			{return v == Y_int;}
+	public static int		To_int(boolean v)			{return v ? Y_int		: N_int;}
+	public static byte		To_byte(boolean v)			{return v ? Y_byte		: N_byte;}
+	public static String	To_str_lower(boolean v)	{return v ? True_str	: False_str;}
+
+	public static boolean		Cast(Object obj)				{try {return (Boolean)obj;} catch (Exception e) {throw Err_.new_type_mismatch_w_exc(e, boolean.class, obj);}}
+	public static boolean		Cast_or(Object obj, boolean or)	{try {return (Boolean)obj;} catch (Exception e) {Err_.Noop(e); return or;}}
+
+	public static boolean		Parse(String raw) {
+		if		(	String_.Eq(raw, True_str)
+				||	String_.Eq(raw, "True")	// needed for Store_Wtr(){boolVal.toString();}
+				)
+			return true;
+		else if (	String_.Eq(raw, False_str)
+				||	String_.Eq(raw, "False")
+			)
+			return false;
+		throw Err_.new_parse_type(boolean.class, raw);
+	}
+	public static boolean		Parse_or(String raw, boolean or) {
+		if		(	String_.Eq(raw, True_str)
+				||	String_.Eq(raw, "True")	// needed for Store_Wtr(){boolVal.toString();}
+				)
+			return true;
+		else if (	String_.Eq(raw, False_str)
+				||	String_.Eq(raw, "False")
+			)
+			return false;
+		return or;
+	}
+
+	public static int Compare(boolean lhs, boolean rhs) {
+		if		( lhs ==  rhs)	return CompareAble_.Same;
+		else if (!lhs &&  rhs)	return CompareAble_.Less;
+		else	/*lhs && !rhs*/ return CompareAble_.More;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Bool__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Bool__tst {
+	private final Bool__fxt fxt = new Bool__fxt();
+	@Test  public void Compare() {
+		fxt.Test__compare(Bool_.Y, Bool_.Y, CompareAble_.Same);
+		fxt.Test__compare(Bool_.N, Bool_.N, CompareAble_.Same);
+		fxt.Test__compare(Bool_.N, Bool_.Y, CompareAble_.Less);
+		fxt.Test__compare(Bool_.Y, Bool_.N, CompareAble_.More);
+	}
+}
+class Bool__fxt {
+	public void Test__compare(boolean lhs, boolean rhs, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Bool_.Compare(lhs, rhs));}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Bry__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*; import gplx.core.primitives.*; import gplx.core.brys.*; import gplx.core.tests.*;
+public class Bry__tst {
+	private final    Bry__fxt fxt = new Bry__fxt();
+	@Test  public void new_ascii_() {
+		fxt.Test_new_a7("a"		, Bry_.New_by_ints(97));				// one
+		fxt.Test_new_a7("abc"	, Bry_.New_by_ints(97, 98, 99));		// many
+		fxt.Test_new_a7(""		, Bry_.Empty);						// none
+		fxt.Test_new_a7("¢€𤭢"	, Bry_.New_by_ints(63, 63, 63, 63));	// non-ascii -> ?
+	}
+	@Test  public void new_u8() {
+		fxt.Test_new_u8("a"		, Bry_.New_by_ints(97));						// one
+		fxt.Test_new_u8("abc"	, Bry_.New_by_ints(97, 98, 99));				// many
+		fxt.Test_new_u8("¢"		, Bry_.New_by_ints(194, 162));					// bry_len=2; cent
+		fxt.Test_new_u8("€"		, Bry_.New_by_ints(226, 130, 172));				// bry_len=3; euro
+		fxt.Test_new_u8("𤭢"	, Bry_.New_by_ints(240, 164, 173, 162));		// bry_len=4; example from en.w:UTF-8
+	}
+	@Test   public void Add__bry_plus_byte() {
+		fxt.Test_add("a"		, Byte_ascii.Pipe		, "a|");			// basic
+		fxt.Test_add(""			, Byte_ascii.Pipe		, "|");				// empty String
+	}
+	@Test   public void Add__byte_plus_bry() {
+		fxt.Test_add(Byte_ascii.Pipe	, "a"			, "|a");			// basic
+		fxt.Test_add(Byte_ascii.Pipe	, ""			, "|");				// empty String
+	}
+	@Test   public void Add_w_dlm() {
+		fxt.Test_add_w_dlm(Byte_ascii.Pipe, String_.Ary("a", "b", "c")	, "a|b|c");					// basic
+		fxt.Test_add_w_dlm(Byte_ascii.Pipe, String_.Ary("a")				, "a");					// one item
+		fxt.Test_add_w_dlm(Byte_ascii.Pipe, String_.Ary("a", null, "c")	, "a||c");					// null
+	}
+	@Test   public void Add_w_dlm_bry() {
+		fxt.Test_add_w_dlm("<>", String_.Ary("a","b","c"), "a<>b<>c");
+	}
+	@Test  public void MidByPos() {
+		tst_MidByPos("abcba", 0, 1, "a");
+		tst_MidByPos("abcba", 0, 2, "ab");
+		tst_MidByPos("abcba", 1, 4, "bcb");
+	}	void tst_MidByPos(String src, int bgn, int end, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(Bry_.Mid(Bry_.new_u8(src), bgn, end)));}
+	@Test  public void Replace_one() {
+		tst_ReplaceOne("a"		, "b"	, "c"	, "a");
+		tst_ReplaceOne("b"		, "b"	, "c"	, "c");
+		tst_ReplaceOne("bb"		, "b"	, "c"	, "cb");
+		tst_ReplaceOne("abcd"	, "bc"	, ""	, "ad");
+		tst_ReplaceOne("abcd"	, "b"	, "ee"	, "aeecd");
+	}	void tst_ReplaceOne(String src, String find, String repl, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(Bry_.Replace_one(Bry_.new_u8(src), Bry_.new_u8(find), Bry_.new_u8(repl))));}
+	@Test  public void XtoStrBytesByInt() {
+		tst_XtoStrBytesByInt(0, 0);
+		tst_XtoStrBytesByInt(9, 9);
+		tst_XtoStrBytesByInt(10, 1, 0);
+		tst_XtoStrBytesByInt(321, 3, 2, 1);
+		tst_XtoStrBytesByInt(-321, Bry_.Byte_NegSign, 3, 2, 1);
+		tst_XtoStrBytesByInt(Int_.Max_value, 2,1,4,7,4,8,3,6,4,7);
+	}
+	void tst_XtoStrBytesByInt(int val, int... expdAryAsInt) {
+		byte[] expd = new byte[expdAryAsInt.length];
+		for (int i = 0; i < expd.length; i++) {
+			int expdInt = expdAryAsInt[i];
+			expd[i] = expdInt == Bry_.Byte_NegSign ? Bry_.Byte_NegSign : Byte_ascii.To_a7_str(expdAryAsInt[i]);
+		}
+		Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, Bry_.To_a7_bry(val, Int_.DigitCount(val)));
+	}
+	@Test  public void Has_at_end() {
+		tst_HasAtEnd("a|bcd|e", "d"	, 2, 5, true);		// y_basic
+		tst_HasAtEnd("a|bcd|e", "bcd"	, 2, 5, true);		// y_many
+		tst_HasAtEnd("a|bcd|e", "|bcd"	, 2, 5, false);		// n_long
+		tst_HasAtEnd("a|bcd|e", "|bc"	, 2, 5, false);		// n_pos
+		tst_HasAtEnd("abc", "bc", true);		// y
+		tst_HasAtEnd("abc", "bd", false);		// n
+		tst_HasAtEnd("a", "ab", false);		// exceeds_len
+	}
+	void tst_HasAtEnd(String src, String find, int bgn, int end, boolean expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_.Has_at_end(Bry_.new_u8(src), Bry_.new_u8(find), bgn, end));}
+	void tst_HasAtEnd(String src, String find, boolean expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_.Has_at_end(Bry_.new_u8(src), Bry_.new_u8(find)));}
+	@Test  public void Has_at_bgn() {
+		tst_HasAtBgn("y_basic"	, "a|bcd|e", "b"	, 2, 5, true);
+		tst_HasAtBgn("y_many"	, "a|bcd|e", "bcd"	, 2, 5, true);
+		tst_HasAtBgn("n_long"	, "a|bcd|e", "bcde"	, 2, 5, false);
+		tst_HasAtBgn("n_pos"	, "a|bcd|e", "|bc"	, 2, 5, false);
+	}	void tst_HasAtBgn(String tst, String src, String find, int bgn, int end, boolean expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_.Has_at_bgn(Bry_.new_u8(src), Bry_.new_u8(find), bgn, end), tst);}
+	@Test  public void Match() {
+		tst_Match("abc", 0, "abc", true);
+		tst_Match("abc", 2,  "c", true);
+		tst_Match("abc", 0, "cde", false);
+		tst_Match("abc", 2, "abc", false);	// bounds check
+		tst_Match("abc", 0, "abcd", false);
+		tst_Match("a"  , 0, "", false);
+		tst_Match(""  , 0, "a", false);
+		tst_Match(""  , 0, "", true);
+		tst_Match("ab", 0, "a", false);	// FIX: "ab" should not match "a" b/c .length is different
+	}	void tst_Match(String src, int srcPos, String find, boolean expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_.Match(Bry_.new_u8(src), srcPos, Bry_.new_u8(find)));}
+	@Test  public void ReadCsvStr() {
+		tst_ReadCsvStr("a|"	   , "a");
+		tst_ReadCsvStr("|a|", 1 , "a");
+		Int_obj_ref bgn = Int_obj_ref.New_zero(); tst_ReadCsvStr("a|b|c|", bgn, "a"); tst_ReadCsvStr("a|b|c|", bgn, "b"); tst_ReadCsvStr("a|b|c|", bgn, "c");
+		tst_ReadCsvStr("|", "");
+		tst_ReadCsvStr_err("a");
+
+		tst_ReadCsvStr("'a'|"		, "a");
+		tst_ReadCsvStr("'a''b'|"	, "a'b");
+		tst_ReadCsvStr("'a|b'|"		, "a|b");
+		tst_ReadCsvStr("''|", "");
+		tst_ReadCsvStr_err("''");
+		tst_ReadCsvStr_err("'a'b'");
+		tst_ReadCsvStr_err("'a");
+		tst_ReadCsvStr_err("'a|");
+		tst_ReadCsvStr_err("'a'");
+	}
+	@Test  public void XtoIntBy4Bytes() {	// test len=1, 2, 3, 4
+		tst_XtoIntBy4Bytes(32, (byte)32);			// space
+		tst_XtoIntBy4Bytes(8707, (byte)34, (byte)3);	// &exist;
+		tst_XtoIntBy4Bytes(6382179, Byte_ascii.Ltr_a, Byte_ascii.Ltr_b, Byte_ascii.Ltr_c);
+		tst_XtoIntBy4Bytes(1633837924, Byte_ascii.Ltr_a, Byte_ascii.Ltr_b, Byte_ascii.Ltr_c, Byte_ascii.Ltr_d);
+	}
+	@Test  public void XtoInt() {
+		tst_XtoInt("1", 1);
+		tst_XtoInt("123", 123);
+		tst_XtoInt("a", Int_.Min_value, Int_.Min_value);
+		tst_XtoInt("-1", Int_.Min_value, -1);
+		tst_XtoInt("-123", Int_.Min_value, -123);
+		tst_XtoInt("123-1", Int_.Min_value, Int_.Min_value);
+		tst_XtoInt("+123", Int_.Min_value, 123);
+		tst_XtoInt("", -1);
+	}
+	void tst_XtoInt(String val, int expd)					{tst_XtoInt(val, -1, expd);}
+	void tst_XtoInt(String val, int or, int expd)			{Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_.To_int_or(Bry_.new_u8(val), or));}
+	void tst_XtoIntBy4Bytes(int expd, byte... ary)	{Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_.To_int_by_a7(ary), "XtoInt"); Tfds.Eq_ary(ary, Bry_.new_by_int(expd), "XbyInt");}
+	void tst_ReadCsvStr(String raw, String expd)			{tst_ReadCsvStr(raw, Int_obj_ref.New_zero()  , expd);}
+	void tst_ReadCsvStr(String raw, int bgn, String expd)	{tst_ReadCsvStr(raw, Int_obj_ref.New(bgn), expd);}
+	void tst_ReadCsvStr(String raw, Int_obj_ref bgnRef, String expd) {
+		int bgn = bgnRef.Val();
+		boolean rawHasQuotes = String_.CharAt(raw, bgn) == '\'';
+		String actl = String_.Replace(Bry_.ReadCsvStr(Bry_.new_u8(String_.Replace(raw, "'", "\"")), bgnRef, (byte)'|'), "\"", "'");
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, actl, "rv");
+		if (rawHasQuotes) {
+			int quoteAdj = String_.Count(actl, "'");
+			Tfds.Eq(bgn + 1 + String_.Len(actl) + 2 + quoteAdj, bgnRef.Val(), "pos_quote");	// +1=lkp.Len; +2=bgn/end quotes
+		}
+		else
+			Tfds.Eq(bgn + 1 + String_.Len(actl), bgnRef.Val(), "pos");	// +1=lkp.Len
+	}
+	void tst_ReadCsvStr_err(String raw) {
+		try {Bry_.ReadCsvStr(Bry_.new_u8(String_.Replace(raw, "'", "\"")), Int_obj_ref.New_zero(), (byte)'|');}
+		catch (Exception e) {Err_.Noop(e); return;}
+		Tfds.Fail_expdError();
+	}
+	@Test  public void ReadCsvDte() {
+		tst_ReadCsvDte("20110801 221435.987");
+	}	void tst_ReadCsvDte(String raw) {Tfds.Eq_date(DateAdp_.parse_fmt(raw, Bry_.Fmt_csvDte), Bry_.ReadCsvDte(Bry_.new_u8(raw + "|"), Int_obj_ref.New_zero(), (byte)'|'));}
+	@Test  public void ReadCsvInt() {
+		tst_ReadCsvInt("1234567890");
+	}	void tst_ReadCsvInt(String raw) {Tfds.Eq(Int_.Parse(raw), Bry_.ReadCsvInt(Bry_.new_u8(raw + "|"), Int_obj_ref.New_zero(), (byte)'|'));}
+	@Test  public void Trim() {
+		Trim_tst("a b c", 1, 4, "b");
+		Trim_tst("a  c", 1, 3, "");
+		Trim_tst("  ", 0, 2, "");
+	}	void Trim_tst(String raw, int bgn, int end, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(Bry_.Trim(Bry_.new_u8(raw), bgn, end)));}
+	@Test  public void Xto_int_lax() {
+		tst_Xto_int_lax("12a", 12);
+		tst_Xto_int_lax("1", 1);
+		tst_Xto_int_lax("123", 123);
+		tst_Xto_int_lax("a", 0);
+		tst_Xto_int_lax("-1", -1);
+	}
+	private void tst_Xto_int_lax(String val, int expd)				{Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_.To_int_or__lax(Bry_.new_u8(val), 0, String_.Len(val), 0));}
+	@Test  public void To_int_or__trim_ws() {
+		tst_Xto_int_trim("123 "	, 123);
+		tst_Xto_int_trim(" 123"	, 123);
+		tst_Xto_int_trim(" 123 "	, 123);
+		tst_Xto_int_trim(" 1 3 "	, -1);
+	}
+	private void tst_Xto_int_trim(String val, int expd)			{Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_.To_int_or__trim_ws(Bry_.new_u8(val), 0, String_.Len(val), -1));}
+	@Test  public void Compare() {
+		tst_Compare("abcde", 0, 1, "abcde", 0, 1, CompareAble_.Same);
+		tst_Compare("abcde", 0, 1, "abcde", 1, 2, CompareAble_.Less);
+		tst_Compare("abcde", 1, 2, "abcde", 0, 1, CompareAble_.More);
+		tst_Compare("abcde", 0, 1, "abcde", 0, 2, CompareAble_.Less);
+		tst_Compare("abcde", 0, 2, "abcde", 0, 1, CompareAble_.More);
+		tst_Compare("abcde", 2, 3, "abçde", 2, 3, CompareAble_.Less);
+	}	void tst_Compare(String lhs, int lhs_bgn, int lhs_end, String rhs, int rhs_bgn, int rhs_end, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_.Compare(Bry_.new_u8(lhs), lhs_bgn, lhs_end, Bry_.new_u8(rhs), rhs_bgn, rhs_end));}
+	@Test  public void Increment_last() {
+		tst_IncrementLast(ary_(0), ary_(1));
+		tst_IncrementLast(ary_(0, 255), ary_(1, 0));
+		tst_IncrementLast(ary_(104, 111, 112, 101), ary_(104, 111, 112, 102));
+	}
+	byte[] ary_(int... ary) {
+		byte[] rv = new byte[ary.length];
+		for (int i = 0; i < ary.length; i++)
+			rv[i] = Byte_.By_int(ary[i]);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	void tst_IncrementLast(byte[] ary, byte[] expd) {Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, Bry_.Increment_last(Bry_.Copy(ary)));}
+	@Test   public void Replace_between() {
+		tst_Replace_between("a[0]b"					, "[", "]", "0", "a0b");
+		tst_Replace_between("a[0]b[1]c"				, "[", "]", "0", "a0b0c");
+		tst_Replace_between("a[0b"					, "[", "]", "0", "a[0b");
+	}	public void tst_Replace_between(String src, String bgn, String end, String repl, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_a7(Bry_.Replace_between(Bry_.new_a7(src), Bry_.new_a7(bgn), Bry_.new_a7(end), Bry_.new_a7(repl))));}
+	@Test    public void Replace() {
+		Bry_bfr tmp_bfr = Bry_bfr_.New();
+		tst_Replace(tmp_bfr, "a0b"					,    "0", "00", "a00b");		// 1 -> 1
+		tst_Replace(tmp_bfr, "a0b0c"				,    "0", "00", "a00b00c");		// 1 -> 2
+		tst_Replace(tmp_bfr, "a00b00c"				,   "00",  "0", "a0b0c");		// 2 -> 1
+		tst_Replace(tmp_bfr, "a0b0"					,    "0", "00", "a00b00");		// 1 -> 2; EOS
+		tst_Replace(tmp_bfr, "a00b00"				,   "00",  "0", "a0b0");		// 2 -> 1; EOS
+		tst_Replace(tmp_bfr, "a0b0"					,    "1",  "2", "a0b0");		// no match
+		tst_Replace(tmp_bfr, "a0b0"					,   "b1", "b2", "a0b0");		// false match; EOS
+	}
+	public void tst_Replace(Bry_bfr tmp_bfr, String src, String bgn, String repl, String expd) {
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_a7(Bry_.Replace(tmp_bfr, Bry_.new_a7(src), Bry_.new_a7(bgn), Bry_.new_a7(repl))));
+	}
+	@Test  public void Split_bry() {
+		Split_bry_tst("a|b|c|"		, "|"	, String_.Ary("a", "b", "c"));
+		Split_bry_tst("a|"			, "|"	, String_.Ary("a"));
+	}
+	void Split_bry_tst(String src, String dlm, String[] expd) {
+		String[] actl = String_.Ary(Bry_split_.Split(Bry_.new_a7(src), Bry_.new_a7(dlm)));
+		Tfds.Eq_ary_str(expd, actl);
+	}
+	@Test   public void Split_lines() {
+		Tst_split_lines("a\nb"		, "a", "b");					// basic
+		Tst_split_lines("a\nb\n"	, "a", "b");					// do not create empty trailing lines
+		Tst_split_lines("a\r\nb"	, "a", "b");					// crlf
+		Tst_split_lines("a\rb"		, "a", "b");					// cr only
+	}
+	void Tst_split_lines(String src, String... expd) {		
+		Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, New_ary(Bry_split_.Split_lines(Bry_.new_a7(src))));
+	}
+	String[] New_ary(byte[][] lines) {
+		int len = lines.length;
+		String[] rv = new String[len];
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
+			rv[i] = String_.new_u8(lines[i]);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	@Test   public void Match_bwd_any() {
+		Tst_match_bwd_any("abc", 2, 0, "c", true);
+		Tst_match_bwd_any("abc", 2, 0, "b", false);
+		Tst_match_bwd_any("abc", 2, 0, "bc", true);
+		Tst_match_bwd_any("abc", 2, 0, "abc", true);
+		Tst_match_bwd_any("abc", 2, 0, "zabc", false);
+		Tst_match_bwd_any("abc", 1, 0, "ab", true);
+	}
+	void Tst_match_bwd_any(String src, int src_end, int src_bgn, String find, boolean expd) {
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_.Match_bwd_any(Bry_.new_a7(src), src_end, src_bgn, Bry_.new_a7(find)));
+	}
+	@Test   public void Trim_end() {
+		fxt.Test_trim_end("a "		, Byte_ascii.Space, "a");	// trim.one
+		fxt.Test_trim_end("a   "	, Byte_ascii.Space, "a");	// trim.many
+		fxt.Test_trim_end("a"		, Byte_ascii.Space, "a");	// trim.none
+		fxt.Test_trim_end(""		, Byte_ascii.Space, "");	// empty
+	}
+	@Test   public void Mid_w_trim() {
+		fxt.Test_Mid_w_trim("abc", "abc");								// no ws
+		fxt.Test_Mid_w_trim(" a b c ", "a b c");						// ws at bgn and end
+		fxt.Test_Mid_w_trim("\r\n\t a\r\n\t b \r\n\t ", "a\r\n\t b");	// space at bgn and end
+		fxt.Test_Mid_w_trim("", "");									// handle 0 bytes
+		fxt.Test_Mid_w_trim("   ", "");									// handle all ws
+	}
+	@Test   public void New_u8_nl_apos() {
+		fxt.Test__new_u8_nl_apos(String_.Ary("a"), "a");
+		fxt.Test__new_u8_nl_apos(String_.Ary("a", "b"), "a\nb");
+		fxt.Test__new_u8_nl_apos(String_.Ary("a", "b'c", "d"), "a\nb\"c\nd");
+	}
+	@Test   public void Repeat_bry() {
+		fxt.Test__repeat_bry("abc"  , 3, "abcabcabc");
+	}
+	@Test   public void Xcase__build__all() {
+		fxt.Test__xcase__build__all(Bool_.N, "abc", "abc");
+		fxt.Test__xcase__build__all(Bool_.N, "aBc", "abc");
+	}
+}
+class Bry__fxt {
+	private final    Bry_bfr tmp = Bry_bfr_.New();
+	public void Test_trim_end(String raw, byte trim, String expd) {
+		byte[] raw_bry = Bry_.new_a7(raw);
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(Bry_.Trim_end(raw_bry, trim, raw_bry.length)));
+	}
+	public void Test_new_u8(String raw, byte[] expd)			{Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, Bry_.new_u8(raw));}
+	public void Test_new_a7(String raw, byte[] expd)			{Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, Bry_.new_a7(raw));}
+	public void Test_add(String s, byte b, String expd)			{Tfds.Eq_str(expd, String_.new_u8(Bry_.Add(Bry_.new_u8(s), b)));}
+	public void Test_add(byte b, String s, String expd)			{Tfds.Eq_str(expd, String_.new_u8(Bry_.Add(b, Bry_.new_u8(s))));}
+	public void Test_add_w_dlm(String dlm, String[] itms, String expd)	{Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(Bry_.Add_w_dlm(Bry_.new_u8(dlm), Bry_.Ary(itms))));}
+	public void Test_add_w_dlm(byte dlm, String[] itms, String expd)	{Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(Bry_.Add_w_dlm(dlm, Bry_.Ary(itms))));}
+	public void Test_Mid_w_trim(String src, String expd) {byte[] bry = Bry_.new_u8(src); Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(Bry_.Mid_w_trim(bry, 0, bry.length)));}
+	public void Test__new_u8_nl_apos(String[] ary, String expd) {
+		Tfds.Eq_str_lines(expd, String_.new_u8(Bry_.New_u8_nl_apos(ary)));
+	}
+	public void Test__repeat_bry(String s, int count, String expd) {
+		Gftest.Eq__str(expd, Bry_.Repeat_bry(Bry_.new_u8(s), count));
+	}
+	public void Test__xcase__build__all(boolean upper, String src, String expd) {
+		Gftest.Eq__str(expd, Bry_.Xcase__build__all(tmp, upper, Bry_.new_u8(src)));
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Bry_bfr.java

@@ -0,0 +1,717 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.primitives.*; import gplx.core.brys.*; import gplx.core.encoders.*;
+import gplx.langs.htmls.entitys.*;
+public class Bry_bfr {
+	private Bry_bfr_mkr_mgr mkr_mgr; private int reset;
+	public byte[] Bfr() {return bfr;} private byte[] bfr;
+	public int Len() {return bfr_len;} private int bfr_len;
+	public boolean Len_eq_0() {return bfr_len == 0;}
+	public boolean Len_gt_0() {return bfr_len > 0;}
+	public void Bfr_init(byte[] bfr, int bfr_len) {
+		synchronized (this) {
+			this.bfr = bfr;
+			this.bfr_len = bfr_len;
+			this.bfr_max = bfr.length;	// NOTE: must sync bfr_max, else will fail later during add; bfr will think bfr has .length of bfr_max, when it actually has .length of bfr_len; DATE:2014-03-09
+		}
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Mkr_rls() {
+		if (mkr_mgr != null) {
+			synchronized (this) {
+				mkr_mgr.Rls(mkr_idx);
+				this.mkr_mgr = null;
+				this.mkr_idx = -1;
+			}
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+	public void Clear_and_rls() {
+		this.Clear();
+		this.Mkr_rls();
+	}
+	public String To_str_and_rls() {return String_.new_u8(To_bry_and_rls());}
+	public byte[] To_bry_and_rls() {
+		byte[] rv = null;
+		synchronized (bfr) {
+			rv = To_bry();
+			this.Clear();
+			if (reset > 0) Reset_if_gt(reset);
+			synchronized (this) {	// SAME: Mkr_rls()
+				mkr_mgr.Rls(mkr_idx);
+				mkr_idx = -1;	// TS: DATE:2016-07-06
+				mkr_mgr = null;
+			}
+		}
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Reset_(int v) {reset = v; return this;}
+	public Bry_bfr Reset_if_gt(int limit) {
+		if (bfr_max > limit) {
+			this.bfr_max = limit;
+			this.bfr = new byte[limit];
+		}
+		bfr_len = 0;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Clear() {
+		synchronized (this) {
+			this.bfr_len = 0;
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr ClearAndReset() {bfr_len = 0; if (reset > 0) Reset_if_gt(reset); return this;}
+	public byte Get_at_last_or_nil_if_empty() {return bfr_len == 0 ? Byte_ascii.Null : bfr[bfr_len - 1];}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_safe(byte[] val) {return val == null ? this : Add(val);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add(byte[] val) {
+		int val_len = val.length;
+		if (bfr_len + val_len > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_max + val_len) * 2);
+		Bry_.Copy_by_pos(val, 0, val_len, bfr, bfr_len);
+		// Array_.Copy_to(val, 0, bfr, bfr_len, val_len);
+		bfr_len += val_len;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_mid(byte[] val, int bgn, int end) {
+		int len = end - bgn;
+		if (len < 0) throw Err_.new_wo_type("negative len", "bgn", bgn, "end", end, "excerpt", String_.new_u8__by_len(val, bgn, bgn + 16));	// NOTE: check for invalid end < bgn, else difficult to debug errors later; DATE:2014-05-11
+		if (bfr_len + len > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_max + len) * 2);
+		Bry_.Copy_by_pos(val, bgn, end, bfr, bfr_len);
+		// Array_.Copy_to(val, bgn, bfr, bfr_len, len);
+		bfr_len += len;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_reverse_mid(byte[] val, int bgn, int end) {
+		int len = end - bgn;
+		if (len < 0) throw Err_.new_wo_type("negative len", "bgn", bgn, "end", end, "excerpt", String_.new_u8__by_len(val, bgn, bgn + 16));	// NOTE: check for invalid end < bgn, else difficult to debug errors later; DATE:2014-05-11
+		if (bfr_len + len > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_max + len) * 2);
+		Bry_.Copy_by_pos_reversed(val, bgn, end, bfr, bfr_len);
+		// Array_.Copy_to(val, bgn, bfr, bfr_len, len);
+		bfr_len += len;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_mid_w_swap(byte[] val, int bgn, int end, byte swap_src, byte swap_trg) {
+		int len = end - bgn;
+		if (len < 0) throw Err_.new_wo_type("negative len", "bgn", bgn, "end", end, "excerpt", String_.new_u8__by_len(val, bgn, bgn + 16));	// NOTE: check for invalid end < bgn, else difficult to debug errors later; DATE:2014-05-11
+		if (bfr_len + len > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_max + len) * 2);
+		int val_len = end - bgn;
+		for (int i = 0; i < val_len; ++i) {
+			byte b = val[i + bgn]; if (b == swap_src) b = swap_trg;
+			bfr[i + bfr_len] = b;
+		}
+		bfr_len += len;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bry_ref_obj(Bry_obj_ref v) {v.Bfr_arg__add(this); return this;}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bfr_and_preserve(Bry_bfr src) {
+		int len = src.bfr_len;
+		if (bfr_len + len > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_max + len) * 2);
+		Bry_.Copy_by_pos(src.bfr, 0, len, bfr, bfr_len);
+		// Array_.Copy_to(src.bfr, 0, bfr, bfr_len, len);
+		bfr_len += len;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bfr_and_clear(Bry_bfr src) {
+		Add_bfr_and_preserve(src);
+		src.ClearAndReset();
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bfr_or_mid(boolean escaped, Bry_bfr tmp_bfr, byte[] src, int src_bgn, int src_end) {
+		return escaped
+			? this.Add_bfr_and_clear(tmp_bfr)
+			: this.Add_mid(src, src_bgn, src_end);
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bfr_trim_and_clear(Bry_bfr src, boolean trim_bgn, boolean trim_end) {return Add_bfr_trim_and_clear(src, trim_bgn, trim_end, Bry_.Trim_ary_ws);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bfr_trim_and_clear(Bry_bfr src, boolean trim_bgn, boolean trim_end, byte[] trim_ary) {
+		int src_len = src.bfr_len;
+		if (bfr_len + src_len > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_max + src_len) * 2);
+		byte[] src_bry = src.Bfr();
+		int src_bgn = 0, src_end = src_len;
+		boolean all_ws = true;
+		if (trim_bgn) {
+			for (int i = 0; i < src_len; i++) {
+				byte b = src_bry[i];
+				if (trim_ary[b & 0xFF] == Byte_ascii.Null) {
+					src_bgn = i;
+					i = src_len;
+					all_ws = false;
+				}
+			}
+			if (all_ws) return this;
+		}
+		if (trim_end) {
+			for (int i = src_len - 1; i > -1; i--) {
+				byte b = src_bry[i];
+				if (trim_ary[b & 0xFF] == Byte_ascii.Null) {
+					src_end = i + 1;
+					i = -1;
+					all_ws = false;
+				}
+			}
+			if (all_ws) return this;
+		}
+		src_len = src_end - src_bgn;
+		Bry_.Copy_by_pos(src.bfr, src_bgn, src_end, bfr, bfr_len);
+		// Array_.Copy_to(src.bfr, src_bgn, bfr, bfr_len, src_len);
+		bfr_len += src_len;
+		src.Clear();
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_as_a7(byte v)	{return Add_byte((byte)(v + Byte_ascii.Num_0));}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_eq()			{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Eq);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_pipe()			{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Pipe);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_comma()			{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Comma);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_semic()			{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Semic);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_apos()			{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Apos);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_slash()			{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Slash);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_backslash()		{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Backslash);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_quote()			{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Quote);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_space()			{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Space);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_nl()			{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Nl);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_dot()			{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Dot);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_colon()			{return Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Colon);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte(byte val) {
+		int new_pos = bfr_len + 1;
+		if (new_pos > bfr_max) Resize(bfr_len * 2);
+		bfr[bfr_len] = val;
+		bfr_len = new_pos;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_repeat(byte b, int len) {
+		if (bfr_len + len > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_max + len) * 2);
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
+			bfr[i + bfr_len] = b;
+		bfr_len += len;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_if_not_last(byte b) {
+		if (bfr_len == 0 || (bfr_len > 0 && bfr[bfr_len - 1] == b)) return this;
+		this.Add_byte(b);
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_byte_variable(byte v)	{return Add_int_variable(v);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_short_variable(short v)	{return Add_int_variable(v);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_u8_int(int val) {
+		if (bfr_len + 4 > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_max + 4) * 2);
+		int utf8_len = gplx.core.intls.Utf16_.Encode_int(val, bfr, bfr_len);
+		bfr_len += utf8_len;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bool(boolean v) {return Add(v ? Bool_.True_bry : Bool_.False_bry);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_int_bool(boolean v) {return Add_int_fixed(v ? 1 : 0, 1);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_int_variable(int val) {
+		if (val < 0) {
+			this.Add(Int_.To_bry(val));
+			return this;
+		}
+		int log10 = Int_.Log10(val);
+		int slots = val > -1 ? log10 + 1 : log10 * -1 + 2;
+		return Add_int(val, log10, slots);
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_int_pad_bgn(byte pad_byte, int str_len, int val) {
+		int digit_len	= Int_.DigitCount(val);
+		int pad_len		= str_len - digit_len;
+		if (pad_len > 0)	// note that this skips pad_len == 0, as well as guarding against negative pad_len; EX: pad(" ", 3, 1234) -> "1234"
+			Add_byte_repeat(pad_byte, pad_len);
+		Add_int_fixed(val, digit_len);
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_int_digits(int digits, int val)	{return Add_int(val, Int_.Log10(val), digits);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_int_fixed(int val, int digits) {return Add_int(val, Int_.Log10(val), digits);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_int(int val, int valLog, int arySlots) {
+		int aryBgn = bfr_len, aryEnd = bfr_len + arySlots;
+		if (aryEnd > bfr_max) Resize((aryEnd) * 2);
+		if (val < 0) {
+			bfr[aryBgn++] = Byte_ascii.Dash;
+			val *= -1;		// make positive
+			valLog *= -1;	// valLog will be negative; make positive
+			arySlots -= 1;	// reduce slot by 1
+		}
+		if (valLog >= arySlots) {
+			val %= Int_.Log10Ary[arySlots];
+		}
+		for (int i = 0; i < arySlots; i++) {
+			int logIdx = arySlots - i - 1;
+			int div = logIdx < Int_.Log10AryLen ? Int_.Log10Ary[logIdx] : Int_.Max_value;
+			bfr[aryBgn + i] = (byte)((val / div) + 48);
+			val %= div;
+		}
+		bfr_len = aryEnd;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_long_variable(long v) {int digitCount = Long_.DigitCount(v); return Add_long(v, digitCount, digitCount);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_long_fixed(long val, int digits) {return Add_long(val, Long_.DigitCount(val), digits);}
+	protected Bry_bfr Add_long(long val, int digitCount, int arySlots) {
+		int aryBgn = bfr_len, aryEnd = bfr_len + arySlots;
+		if (aryEnd > bfr_max) Resize((aryEnd) * 2);
+		if (val < 0) {
+			bfr[aryBgn++] = Byte_ascii.Dash;
+			val *= -1;		// make positive
+			arySlots -= 1;	// reduce slot by 1
+		}
+		if (digitCount >= arySlots) {
+			val %= Long_.Log10Ary[arySlots];
+		}
+		for (int i = 0; i < arySlots; i++) {
+			int logIdx = arySlots - i - 1;
+			long div = logIdx < Long_.Log10Ary_len ? Long_.Log10Ary[logIdx] : Long_.Max_value;
+			bfr[aryBgn + i] = (byte)((val / div) + 48);
+			val %= div;
+		}
+		bfr_len = aryEnd;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bry_comma(byte[] v) {return Add_bry(Byte_ascii.Comma, v);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bry(byte dlm, byte[] v) {
+		if (v == null) return this;
+		int v_len = v.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < v_len; i++) {
+			if (i != 0) this.Add_byte(dlm);
+			this.Add_int_variable(v[i]);
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bry_escape(byte quote_byte, byte[] escape, byte[] val, int bgn, int end) {	// used for xml_wtr; DATE:2015-04-09
+		boolean clean = true;	// add with chunks of bytes instead of one-by-one
+		for (int i = bgn; i < end; ++i) {
+			byte b = val[i];
+			if (clean) {
+				if	(b == quote_byte) {
+					clean = false;
+					this.Add_mid(val, bgn, i);
+					this.Add(escape);
+				}
+				else {}
+			}
+			else {
+				if (b == quote_byte)	this.Add(escape);
+				else					this.Add_byte(b);
+			}
+		}
+		if (clean)
+			Add_mid(val, bgn, end);
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bry_many(byte[]... ary) {
+		int len = ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+			byte[] bry = ary[i];
+			if (bry != null && bry.length > 0)
+				this.Add(bry);
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bry_escape_html(byte[] val) {
+		if (val == null) return this;
+		return Add_bry_escape_html(val, 0, val.length);
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bry_escape_html(byte[] val, int bgn, int end) {
+		Bry_.Escape_html(this, Bool_.N, val, bgn, end);
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_bry_escape_xml(byte[] val, int bgn, int end) {
+		Bry_.Escape_html(this, Bool_.Y, val, bgn, end);
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_str_u8_w_nl(String s) {Add_str_u8(s); return Add_byte_nl();}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_str_u8_null(String s) {return Add_str_u8(s == null ? String_.Null_mark : s);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_str_u8(String str) {
+		try {
+			int str_len = str.length();							
+			int bry_len = Bry_.new_u8__by_len(str, str_len);
+			if (bfr_len + bry_len > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_max + bry_len) * 2);
+			Bry_.new_u8__write(str, str_len, bfr, bfr_len);
+			bfr_len += bry_len;
+			return this;
+		}
+		catch (Exception e) {throw Err_.new_exc(e, "core", "invalid UTF-8 sequence", "s", str);}
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_str_u8_many(String... ary) {
+		int len = ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+			Add_str_u8(ary[i]);
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_str_u8_fmt(String fmt, Object... args) {
+		Add_str_u8(String_.Format(fmt, args));
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_str_a7_null(String s) {return Add_str_a7(s == null ? String_.Null_mark : s);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_str_a7_w_nl(String s) {Add_str_a7(s); return Add_byte_nl();}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_str_a7(String str) {
+		try {
+			int bry_len = str.length();						
+			if (bfr_len + bry_len > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_max + bry_len) * 2);
+			for (int i = 0; i < bry_len; ++i) {
+				char c = str.charAt(i);							
+				if (c > 128) c = '?';
+				bfr[i + bfr_len] = (byte)c;
+			}
+			bfr_len += bry_len;
+			return this;
+		}
+		catch (Exception e) {throw Err_.new_exc(e, "core", "invalid UTF-8 sequence", "s", str);}
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_kv_dlm(boolean line, String key, Object val) {
+		this.Add_str_a7(key).Add_byte_colon().Add_byte_space();
+		this.Add(Bry_.new_u8(Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null_mark(val)));
+		this.Add_byte(line ? Byte_ascii.Nl : Byte_ascii.Tab);
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_float(float f) {Add_str_a7(Float_.To_str(f)); return this;}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_double(double v) {Add_str_a7(Double_.To_str(v)); return this;}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_dte(DateAdp val) {return Add_dte_segs(val.Year(), val.Month(),val.Day(), val.Hour(), val.Minute(), val.Second(), val.Frac());}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_dte_segs(int y, int M, int d, int H, int m, int s, int f) {		// yyyyMMdd HHmmss.fff
+		if (bfr_len + 19      > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_len + 19) * 2);
+		bfr[bfr_len +  0] = (byte)((y / 1000) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); y %= 1000;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  1] = (byte)((y /  100) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); y %=  100;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  2] = (byte)((y /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); y %=   10;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  3] = (byte)( y		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len +  4] = (byte)((M /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); M %=  10;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  5] = (byte)( M		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len +  6] = (byte)((d /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); d %=  10;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  7] = (byte)( d		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len +  8] = Byte_ascii.Space;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  9] = (byte)((H /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); H %=  10;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 10] = (byte)( H		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len + 11] = (byte)((m /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); m %=  10;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 12] = (byte)( m		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len + 13] = (byte)((s /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); s %=  10;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 14] = (byte)( s		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len + 15] = Byte_ascii.Dot;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 16] = (byte)((f /  100) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); f %= 100;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 17] = (byte)((f /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); f %=  10;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 18] = (byte)( f		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr_len += 19;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_dte_utc(int y, int M, int d, int H, int m, int s, int f) {	// yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ssZ
+		if (bfr_len + 20      > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_len + 20) * 2);
+		bfr[bfr_len +  0] = (byte)((y / 1000) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); y %= 1000;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  1] = (byte)((y /  100) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); y %=  100;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  2] = (byte)((y /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); y %=   10;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  3] = (byte)( y		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len +  4] = Byte_ascii.Dash;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  5] = (byte)((M /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); M %=  10;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  6] = (byte)( M		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len +  7] = Byte_ascii.Dash;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  8] = (byte)((d /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); d %=  10;
+		bfr[bfr_len +  9] = (byte)( d		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len + 10] = Byte_ascii.Ltr_T;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 11] = (byte)((H /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); H %=  10;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 12] = (byte)( H		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len + 13] = Byte_ascii.Colon;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 14] = (byte)((m /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); m %=  10;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 15] = (byte)( m		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len + 16] = Byte_ascii.Colon;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 17] = (byte)((s /   10) + Bry_.Ascii_zero); s %=  10;
+		bfr[bfr_len + 18] = (byte)( s		  + Bry_.Ascii_zero);
+		bfr[bfr_len + 19] = Byte_ascii.Ltr_Z;
+		bfr_len += 20;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_swap_ws(byte[] src) {return Add_swap_ws(src, 0, src.length);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_swap_ws(byte[] src, int bgn, int end) {
+		int len = end - bgn;
+		if (bfr_len + (len * 2) > bfr_max) Resize((bfr_max + (len * 2)) * 2);		
+		for (int i = bgn; i < end; i++) {
+			byte b = src[i];
+			switch (b) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Nl: 	bfr[bfr_len] = Byte_ascii.Backslash; bfr[bfr_len + 1] = Byte_ascii.Ltr_n;		bfr_len += 2; break;
+				case Byte_ascii.Tab: 		bfr[bfr_len] = Byte_ascii.Backslash; bfr[bfr_len + 1] = Byte_ascii.Ltr_t;		bfr_len += 2; break;
+				case Byte_ascii.Backslash: 	bfr[bfr_len] = Byte_ascii.Backslash; bfr[bfr_len + 1] = Byte_ascii.Backslash; bfr_len += 2; break;
+				default:					bfr[bfr_len] = b; ++bfr_len; break;
+			}
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_str_pad_space_bgn(String v, int pad_max) {return Add_str_pad_space(v, pad_max, Bool_.N);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_str_pad_space_end(String v, int pad_max) {return Add_str_pad_space(v, pad_max, Bool_.Y);}
+	Bry_bfr Add_str_pad_space(String v, int pad_max, boolean pad_end) {
+		byte[] v_bry = Bry_.new_u8(v); 
+		if (pad_end)	Add(v_bry);
+		int pad_len = pad_max - v_bry.length;
+		if (pad_len > 0) 
+			Add_byte_repeat(Byte_ascii.Space, pad_len);
+		if (!pad_end)	Add(v_bry);
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	public Bry_bfr Add_obj(Object o) {
+		if (o == null) return this;	// treat null as empty String;
+		Class<?> o_type = o.getClass();
+		if		(o_type == byte[].class)          Add((byte[])o);
+		else if	(o_type == Integer.class)         Add_int_variable(Int_.Cast(o));    
+		else if	(o_type == Byte.class)            Add_byte(Byte_.Cast(o));           
+		else if	(o_type == Long.class)            Add_long_variable(Long_.cast(o));  
+		else if	(o_type == String.class)          Add_str_u8((String)o);
+		else if	(o_type == Bry_bfr.class)			Add_bfr_and_preserve((Bry_bfr)o);
+		else if	(o_type == DateAdp.class)         Add_dte((DateAdp)o);
+		else if	(o_type == Io_url.class)			Add(((Io_url)o).RawBry());
+		else if	(o_type == Boolean.class)			Add_yn(Bool_.Cast(o));				
+		else if	(o_type == Double.class)			Add_double(Double_.cast(o));		
+		else if	(o_type == Float.class)			Add_float(Float_.cast(o));			
+		else										((Bfr_arg)o).Bfr_arg__add(this);
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_obj_strict(Object o) {
+		if (o == null) return this;	// treat null as empty String;
+		Class<?> o_type = o.getClass();
+		if		(o_type == byte[].class)          Add((byte[])o);
+		else if	(o_type == Integer.class)         Add_int_variable(Int_.Cast(o));    
+		else if	(o_type == Byte.class)            Add_byte(Byte_.Cast(o));           
+		else if	(o_type == Long.class)            Add_long_variable(Long_.cast(o));  
+		else if	(o_type == String.class)          Add_str_u8((String)o);
+		else if	(o_type == Bry_bfr.class)			Add_bfr_and_preserve((Bry_bfr)o);
+		else if	(o_type == DateAdp.class)         Add_dte((DateAdp)o);
+		else if	(o_type == Io_url.class)			Add(((Io_url)o).RawBry());
+		else if	(o_type == Boolean.class)			Add_bool(Bool_.Cast(o));			
+		else if	(o_type == Double.class)			Add_double(Double_.cast(o));		
+		else if	(o_type == Float.class)			Add_float(Float_.cast(o));			
+		else										((Bfr_arg)o).Bfr_arg__add(this);
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_yn(boolean v) {Add_byte(v ? Byte_ascii.Ltr_y : Byte_ascii.Ltr_n); return this;}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_base85_len_5(int v) {return Add_base85(v, 5);}
+	public Bry_bfr Add_base85(int v, int pad)	{
+		int new_len = bfr_len + pad;
+		if (new_len > bfr_max) Resize((new_len) * 2);
+		Base85_.Set_bry(v, bfr, bfr_len, pad);
+		bfr_len = new_len;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public boolean Match_end_byt(byte b)		{return bfr_len == 0 ? false : bfr[bfr_len - 1] == b;}
+	public boolean Match_end_byt_nl_or_bos()	{return bfr_len == 0 ? true : bfr[bfr_len - 1] == Byte_ascii.Nl;}
+	public boolean Match_end_ary(byte[] ary)	{return Bry_.Match(bfr, bfr_len - ary.length, bfr_len, ary);}
+	public Bry_bfr Insert_at(int add_pos, byte[] add_bry) {return Insert_at(add_pos, add_bry, 0, add_bry.length);}
+	public Bry_bfr Insert_at(int add_pos, byte[] add_bry, int add_bgn, int add_end) {
+		int add_len = add_end - add_bgn;
+		int new_max = bfr_max + add_len;
+		byte[] new_bfr = new byte[new_max];
+		if (add_pos > 0)
+			Bry_.Copy_by_pos	(bfr	,		0, add_pos, new_bfr, 0);
+		Bry_.Copy_by_pos		(add_bry, add_bgn, add_end, new_bfr, add_pos);
+		Bry_.Copy_by_pos		(bfr	, add_pos, bfr_len, new_bfr, add_pos + add_len);
+		bfr = new_bfr;
+		bfr_len += add_len;
+		bfr_max = new_max;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Delete_rng_to_bgn(int pos) {return Delete_rng(0, pos);}
+	public Bry_bfr Delete_rng_to_end(int pos) {return Delete_rng(pos, bfr_len);}
+	public Bry_bfr Delete_rng(int rng_bgn, int rng_end) {
+		int rng_len = rng_end - rng_bgn;
+		Bry_.Copy_by_pos(bfr, rng_end, bfr_len, bfr, rng_bgn);
+		bfr_len -= rng_len;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Del_by_1() {
+		bfr_len -= 1; bfr[bfr_len] = 0; return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Del_by(int count) {
+		int new_len = bfr_len - count;
+		if (new_len > -1) bfr_len = new_len;
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Trim_end(byte trim_byte) {
+		if (bfr_len == 0) return this;
+		int count = 0;
+		for (int i = bfr_len - 1; i > -1; --i) {
+			byte b = bfr[i];
+			if (b == trim_byte)
+				++count;
+			else
+				break;
+		}
+		if (count > 0)
+			this.Del_by(count);
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Trim_end_ws() {
+		if (bfr_len == 0) return this;
+		int count = 0;
+		for (int i = bfr_len - 1; i > -1; --i) {
+			byte b = bfr[i];
+			if (Trim_end_ws_ary[b])
+				++count;
+			else
+				break;
+		}
+		if (count > 0)
+			this.Del_by(count);
+		return this;
+	}
+	private static final    boolean[] Trim_end_ws_ary = Trim_end_ws_new(); 
+	private static boolean[] Trim_end_ws_new() {
+		boolean[] rv = new boolean[256];
+		rv[32] = true;
+		rv[ 9] = true;
+		rv[10] = true;
+		rv[13] = true;
+		rv[11] = true;
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public Bry_bfr Concat_skip_empty(byte[] dlm, byte[]... ary) {
+		int ary_len = ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < ary_len; i++) {
+			byte[] itm = ary[i];
+			boolean itm_has_bytes = Bry_.Len_gt_0(itm);
+			if (	i != 0
+				&&	itm_has_bytes
+				&&	bfr_len > 0
+				)
+				this.Add(dlm);
+			if (itm_has_bytes)
+				this.Add(itm);
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+	public boolean Eq(byte b) {return bfr_len == 1 && bfr[0] == b;}
+	public byte[] To_bry(int bgn, int end) {return bfr_len == 0 ? Bry_.Empty : Bry_.Mid(bfr, bgn, end);}
+	public byte[] To_bry() {return bfr_len == 0 ? Bry_.Empty : Bry_.Mid(bfr, 0, bfr_len);}
+	public byte[] To_bry_and_clear_and_trim() {return To_bry_and_clear_and_trim(true, true, Bry_.Trim_ary_ws);}
+	public byte[] To_bry_and_clear_and_trim(boolean trim_bgn, boolean trim_end, byte[] trim_bry) {
+		byte[] rv = Bry_.Trim(bfr, 0, bfr_len, trim_bgn, trim_end, trim_bry);
+		this.Clear();
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public byte[] To_bry_and_clear() {
+		byte[] rv = To_bry();
+		this.Clear();
+		if (reset > 0) Reset_if_gt(reset);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public byte[] To_bry_and_clear_and_rls() {
+		byte[] rv = To_bry_and_clear();
+		this.Mkr_rls();
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public byte[] To_reversed_bry_and_clear() {
+		int len = this.Len();
+		byte[] rv = new byte[len];
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+			rv[len - i - 1] = bfr[i];
+		}
+		this.Clear();
+		if (reset > 0) Reset_if_gt(reset);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public String To_str()								{return String_.new_u8(To_bry());}
+	public String To_str_by_pos(int bgn, int end)		{return String_.new_u8(To_bry(), bgn, end);}
+	public String To_str_and_clear()					{return String_.new_u8(To_bry_and_clear());}
+	public String To_str_and_clear_and_trim()			{return String_.new_u8(To_bry_and_clear_and_trim());}
+	public int To_int_and_clear(int or) {int rv = To_int(or); this.Clear(); return rv;}
+	public int To_int(int or) {
+		switch (bfr_len) {
+			case 0: return or;
+			case 1: {
+				byte b = bfr[0];
+				return Byte_ascii.Is_num(b) ? b - Byte_ascii.Num_0 : or;
+			}
+			default:
+				long rv = 0, mult = 1;
+				for (int i = bfr_len - 1; i > -1; i--) {
+					byte b = bfr[i];
+					if (!Byte_ascii.Is_num(b)) return or;
+					long dif = (b - Byte_ascii.Num_0 ) * mult;
+					long new_val = rv + dif;
+					if (new_val > Int_.Max_value) return or;	// if number is > 2^32 consider error (int overflow); return or; DATE:2014-06-10
+					rv = new_val;
+					mult *= 10;
+				}
+				return (int)rv;
+		}
+	}
+	public void Rls() {
+		bfr = null;
+		this.Mkr_rls();
+	}
+	public byte[][] To_bry_ary_and_clear() {
+		if (bfr_len == 0) return Bry_.Ary_empty;
+		Int_list line_ends = Find_all(Byte_ascii.Nl);
+
+		// create lines
+		int lines_len = line_ends.Len();
+		byte[][] rv = new byte[lines_len][];
+		int line_bgn = 0;
+		for (int i = 0; i < lines_len; ++i) {
+			int line_end = line_ends.Get_at(i);
+			rv[i] = Bry_.Mid(bfr, line_bgn, line_end);
+			line_bgn = line_end + 1;
+		}
+		this.ClearAndReset();
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public String[] To_str_ary_and_clear() {
+		if (bfr_len == 0) return String_.Ary_empty;
+		Int_list line_ends = Find_all(Byte_ascii.Nl);
+
+		// create lines
+		int lines_len = line_ends.Len();
+		String[] rv = new String[lines_len];
+		int line_bgn = 0;
+		for (int i = 0; i < lines_len; ++i) {
+			int line_end = line_ends.Get_at(i);
+			rv[i] = String_.new_u8(bfr, line_bgn, line_end);
+			line_bgn = line_end + 1;
+		}
+		this.ClearAndReset();
+		return rv;
+	}
+	private Int_list Find_all(byte find) {
+		Int_list rv = new Int_list();
+		// scan bfr for nl
+		int line_bgn = 0, line_end = 0;
+		while (line_bgn < bfr_len) {
+			line_end = Bry_find_.Find_fwd(bfr, find, line_bgn, bfr_len);
+			if (line_end == Bry_find_.Not_found) {	// no more \n; add bfr_end 
+				rv.Add(bfr_len);
+				break;
+			}
+			else {									// \n found; add it
+				rv.Add(line_end);
+				line_bgn = line_end + 1;
+			}
+		}
+		return rv;
+	}
+	@Override public int hashCode() {return Bry_obj_ref.CalcHashCode(bfr, 0, bfr_len);}
+	@Override public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+		if (obj == null) return false;	// NOTE: strange, but null check needed; throws null error; EX.WP: File:Eug<75>ne Delacroix - La libert<72> guidant le peuple.jpg
+		Bry_obj_ref comp = (Bry_obj_ref)obj;
+		return Bry_.Match(bfr, 0, bfr_len, comp.Val(), comp.Val_bgn(), comp.Val_end());
+	}
+	public void Resize(int v) {
+		bfr_max = v;
+		bfr = Bry_.Resize(bfr, 0, v);
+	}
+	public int		Mkr_idx()			{return mkr_idx;} private int mkr_idx = -1;
+	public boolean		Mkr_idx_is_null()	{return mkr_idx == -1;}
+	public int		Bfr_max()			{return bfr_max;} private int bfr_max;
+	public Bry_bfr Mkr_init(Bry_bfr_mkr_mgr mkr_mgr, int itm) {
+		synchronized (this) {
+			this.mkr_mgr = mkr_mgr; this.mkr_idx = itm;
+		}
+		return this;
+	} 
+	protected Bry_bfr() {}
+	public Bry_bfr(int bfr_max) {
+		Init(bfr_max);
+	}
+	protected void Init(int bfr_max) {
+		this.bfr_max = bfr_max;
+		this.bfr = new byte[bfr_max];
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Bry_bfr_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.brys.*;
+public class Bry_bfr_ {
+        public static Bry_bfr New()				{return new Bry_bfr(16);}
+        public static Bry_bfr New_w_size(int v)	{return new Bry_bfr(v);}
+        public static Bry_bfr Reset(int v)		{return new Bry_bfr(16).Reset_(v);}	// PERF: set initial size to 16, not reset val; allows for faster "startup"; DATE:2014-06-14
+
+	public static final    Bry_bfr[] Ary_empty = new Bry_bfr[0];
+	private static Bry_bfr_mkr_mgr dflt;
+	public static Bry_bfr Get() {if (dflt == null) dflt = new Bry_bfr_mkr_mgr(Bry_bfr_mkr.Tid_b128, 128); return dflt.Get();}	// NOTE: lazy else "Object synchronization" error; DATE:2015-11-18
+	public static void Assert_at_end(Bry_bfr bfr, byte assert_byte) {
+		int len = bfr.Len(); if (len == 0) return;
+		int assert_count = 0;
+		byte[] bfr_bry = bfr.Bfr();
+		for (int i = len - 1; i > -1; --i) {
+			byte b = bfr_bry[i];
+			if (b == assert_byte)
+				++assert_count;
+			else
+				break;
+		}
+		switch (assert_count) {
+			case 0: bfr.Add_byte(assert_byte); break;
+			case 1: break;
+			default: bfr.Del_by(assert_count - 1); break;
+		}
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Bry_bfr_tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*; import gplx.core.tests.*;
+public class Bry_bfr_tst {
+	private Bry_bfr bb = Bry_bfr_.New();
+	@Before public void setup() {bb.Clear();} private ByteAryBfr_fxt fxt = new ByteAryBfr_fxt();
+	@Test  public void AddByte() {
+		bb = Bry_bfr_.New_w_size(2);	// NOTE: make sure auto-expands
+		tst_AddByte("a", "a", 2);
+		tst_AddByte("b", "ab", 2);
+		tst_AddByte("c", "abc", 4);
+	}
+	@Test  public void AddAry() {	// NOTE: make sure auto-expands
+		bb = Bry_bfr_.New_w_size(2);
+		tst_AddByte("abcd", "abcd", 12);
+	}
+	@Test  public void Add_byte_repeat() {	// NOTE: make sure auto-expands
+		bb = Bry_bfr_.New_w_size(2);
+		tst_Add_byte_repeat(Byte_ascii.Space, 12, String_.Repeat(" ", 12));
+	}	void tst_Add_byte_repeat(byte b, int len, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, bb.Add_byte_repeat(b, len).To_str_and_clear());}
+	void tst_AddByte(String s, String expdStr, int expdLen) {
+		if (String_.Len(s) == 1)
+			bb.Add_byte((byte)String_.CharAt(s, 0));
+		else
+			bb.Add(Bry_.new_u8(s));
+		Tfds.Eq(expdStr, String_.new_u8(bb.To_bry()));
+		Tfds.Eq(expdLen, bb.Bfr_max());
+	}
+	@Test  public void Add_dte() {
+		tst_AddDte("20110801 221435.987");
+	}
+	void tst_AddDte(String raw) {
+		bb.Add_dte(DateAdp_.parse_fmt(raw, Bry_.Fmt_csvDte));
+		Tfds.Eq(raw, String_.new_u8(bb.To_bry()));
+	}
+	@Test  public void Add_int_variable() {
+		Add_int_variable(-1);
+		Add_int_variable(-12);
+		Add_int_variable(-1234);
+		Add_int_variable(2);
+		Add_int_variable(12);
+		Add_int_variable(1234);
+		Add_int_variable(123456789);
+	}
+	@Test  public void Add_float() {
+		tst_Add_float(1 / 3);
+		tst_Add_float(-1 / 3);
+	}
+	void tst_Add_float(float v) {
+		bb.Add_float(v);
+		Tfds.Eq(v, Float_.parse(String_.new_u8(bb.To_bry())));
+	}
+	void Add_int_variable(int val) {
+		bb.Clear();
+		bb.Add_int_variable(val);
+		Tfds.Eq(val, Int_.Parse(String_.new_u8(bb.To_bry())));
+	}
+	@Test  public void Add_int_fixed_len3()				{tst_Add_int_fixed(123, 3, "123");}
+	@Test  public void Add_int_fixed_pad_1()			{tst_Add_int_fixed(2, 1, "2");}
+	@Test  public void Add_int_fixed_pad_2()			{tst_Add_int_fixed(2, 2, "02");}
+	@Test  public void Add_int_fixed_pad_16()			{tst_Add_int_fixed(2, 16, "0000000000000002");}	// test overflows int
+	@Test  public void Add_int_fixed_neg()				{tst_Add_int_fixed(-2, 2, "-2");}
+	@Test  public void Add_int_fixed_neg_pad1()			{tst_Add_int_fixed(-2, 1, "-");}
+	@Test  public void Add_int_fixed_chop_1()			{tst_Add_int_fixed(123, 1, "3");}
+	@Test  public void Add_int_fixed_chop_neg()			{tst_Add_int_fixed(-21, 2, "-1");}
+	void tst_Add_int_fixed(int val, int digits, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(bb.Add_int_fixed(val, digits).To_bry()));}
+	@Test  public void Add_long_fixed_len3()			{tst_Add_long_fixed(123, 3, "123");}
+	@Test  public void Add_long_fixed_pad_1()			{tst_Add_long_fixed(2, 1, "2");}
+	@Test  public void Add_long_fixed_pad_2()			{tst_Add_long_fixed(2, 2, "02");}
+	@Test  public void Add_long_fixed_pad_16()			{tst_Add_long_fixed(2, 16, "0000000000000002");}	// test overflows long
+	@Test  public void Add_long_fixed_neg()				{tst_Add_long_fixed(-2, 2, "-2");}
+	@Test  public void Add_long_fixed_neg_pad1()		{tst_Add_long_fixed(-2, 1, "-");}
+	@Test  public void Add_long_fixed_chop_1()			{tst_Add_long_fixed(123, 1, "3");}
+	@Test  public void Add_long_fixed_chop_neg()		{tst_Add_long_fixed(-21, 2, "-1");}
+	@Test  public void Add_long_fixed_large()			{tst_Add_long_fixed(123456789012345L, 15, "123456789012345");}
+	void tst_Add_long_fixed(long val, int digits, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(bb.Add_long_fixed(val, digits).To_bry()));}
+	@Test  public void AddDte_short() {
+		tst_AddDte_short("2010-08-26T22:38:36Z");
+	}
+	void tst_AddDte_short(String raw) {
+//			byte[] ary = String_.XtoByteAryAscii(raw);
+//			Bry_fmtr_IntBldr ib = new Bry_fmtr_IntBldr();
+//			int y = 0, m = 0, d = 0, h = 0, n = 0, s = 0, aryLen = ary.length;
+//			for (int i = 0; i < aryLen; i++) {
+//				byte b = ary[i];				
+//				switch (i) {
+//					case  4: y = ib.To_int_and_clear(); break;
+//					case  7: m = ib.To_int_and_clear(); break;
+//					case 10: d = ib.To_int_and_clear(); break;
+//					case 13: h = ib.To_int_and_clear(); break;
+//					case 16: n = ib.To_int_and_clear(); break;
+//					case 19: s = ib.To_int_and_clear(); break;
+//					default: ib.Add(b); break;
+//				}
+//			}
+//            long l = Pow38_to(y, m, d, h, n, s);
+////			Base85_.Set_bry(l, bb.
+//			bb.Add_int(l);
+	}
+//		@Test  public void InsertAt_str() {
+//			tst_InsertAt_str("", 0, "c", "c");
+//			tst_InsertAt_str("ab", 0, "c", "cab");
+//			tst_InsertAt_str("ab", 0, "cdefghij", "cdefghijab");
+//		}
+//		void tst_InsertAt_str(String orig, int insertAt, String insertStr, String expd) {
+//			bb = Bry_bfr_.New(16);
+//			bb.Add_str(orig);
+//			bb.InsertAt_str(insertAt, insertStr);
+//			String actl = bb.To_str_and_clear();
+//			Tfds.Eq(expd, actl);
+//		}
+	@Test  public void To_bry_and_clear_and_trim() {
+		tst_XtoAryAndClearAndTrim("a"	, "a");
+		tst_XtoAryAndClearAndTrim(" a "	, "a");
+		tst_XtoAryAndClearAndTrim(" a b "	, "a b");
+		tst_XtoAryAndClearAndTrim("  "		, "");
+	}
+	void tst_XtoAryAndClearAndTrim(String raw, String expd) {
+		bb.Add_str_u8(raw);
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(bb.To_bry_and_clear_and_trim()));
+	}
+	@Test  public void XtoInt() {
+		tst_XtoInt("123", 123);
+		tst_XtoInt("a", Int_.Min_value);
+		tst_XtoInt("9999999999", Int_.Min_value);
+	}
+	void tst_XtoInt(String raw, int expd) {
+		bb.Add_str_u8(raw);
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, bb.To_int_and_clear(Int_.Min_value));
+	}
+	static long Pow38_to(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int frac) {
+		return	((long)year)				<< 26 
+			|	((long)month	& 0x0f)		<< 22	// 16
+			|	((long)day		& 0x1f)		<< 17	// 32
+			|	((long)hour		& 0x1f)		<< 12	// 32
+			|	((long)minute	& 0x3f)		<<  6	// 64
+			|	((long)second	& 0x3f)				// 64
+			;
+	}
+	static DateAdp Pow38_by(long v) {
+		int year	= (int)	(v >> 26);
+		int month	= (int)((v >> 22) & 0x0f); 
+		int day		= (int)((v >> 17) & 0x1f); 
+		int hour	= (int)((v >> 12) & 0x1f); 
+		int minute	= (int)((v >>  6) & 0x3f); 
+		int second	= (int)((v		) & 0x3f); 
+		return DateAdp_.new_(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, 0);
+	}
+	@Test  public void Add_bfr_trimEnd_and_clear() {
+		tst_Add_bfr_trimEnd_and_clear("a ", "a");
+	}
+	void tst_Add_bfr_trimEnd_and_clear(String raw, String expd) {
+		Bry_bfr tmp = Bry_bfr_.New().Add_str_u8(raw);
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, bb.Add_bfr_trim_and_clear(tmp, false, true).To_str_and_clear());
+	}
+	@Test  public void Add_bfr_trimAll_and_clear() {
+		tst_Add_bfr_trimAll_and_clear(" a ", "a");
+		tst_Add_bfr_trimAll_and_clear(" a b ", "a b");
+		tst_Add_bfr_trimAll_and_clear("a", "a");
+		tst_Add_bfr_trimAll_and_clear("", "");
+	}
+	void tst_Add_bfr_trimAll_and_clear(String raw, String expd) {
+		Bry_bfr tmp = Bry_bfr_.New().Add_str_u8(raw);
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, bb.Add_bfr_trim_and_clear(tmp, true, true).To_str_and_clear());
+	}
+	@Test  public void Add_int_pad_bgn() {
+		fxt.Test_Add_int_pad_bgn(Byte_ascii.Num_0, 3,    0, "000");
+		fxt.Test_Add_int_pad_bgn(Byte_ascii.Num_0, 3,    1, "001");
+		fxt.Test_Add_int_pad_bgn(Byte_ascii.Num_0, 3,   10, "010");
+		fxt.Test_Add_int_pad_bgn(Byte_ascii.Num_0, 3,  100, "100");
+		fxt.Test_Add_int_pad_bgn(Byte_ascii.Num_0, 3, 1000, "1000");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Add_bry_escape() {
+		fxt.Test__add_bry_escape("abc"                  , "abc");            // nothing to escape
+		fxt.Test__add_bry_escape("a'bc"                 , "a''bc");          // single escape (code handles first quote differently)
+		fxt.Test__add_bry_escape("a'b'c"                , "a''b''c");        // double escape (code handles subsequent quotes different than first)
+		fxt.Test__add_bry_escape("abc", 1, 2            , "b");              // nothing to escape
+	}
+	@Test   public void Add_bry_escape_html() {
+		fxt.Test__add_bry_escape_html("abc"             , "abc");                            // escape=none
+		fxt.Test__add_bry_escape_html("a&\"'<>b"        , "a&amp;&quot;&#39;&lt;&gt;b");     // escape=all; code handles first escape differently
+		fxt.Test__add_bry_escape_html("a&b&c"           , "a&amp;b&amp;c");                  // staggered; code handles subsequent escapes differently
+		fxt.Test__add_bry_escape_html("abc", 1, 2       , "b");                              // by index; fixes bug in initial implementation
+	}
+	@Test  public void Insert_at() {
+		fxt.Test_Insert_at("abcd", 0, "xyz"					, "xyzabcd");	// bgn
+		fxt.Test_Insert_at("abcd", 4, "xyz"					, "abcdxyz");	// end
+		fxt.Test_Insert_at("abcd", 2, "xyz"					, "abxyzcd");	// mid
+		fxt.Test_Insert_at("abcd", 2, "xyz", 1, 2			, "abycd");		// mid
+	}
+	@Test  public void Delete_rng() {
+		fxt.Test_Delete_rng("abcd", 0, 2						, "cd");	// bgn
+		fxt.Test_Delete_rng("abcd", 2, 4						, "ab");	// end
+		fxt.Test_Delete_rng("abcd", 1, 3						, "ad");	// mid
+	}
+	@Test  public void Delete_rng_to_bgn() {
+		fxt.Test_Delete_rng_to_bgn("abcd", 2					, "cd");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Delete_rng_to_end() {
+		fxt.Test_Delete_rng_to_end("abcd", 2					, "ab");
+	}
+	@Test   public void To_bry_ary_and_clear() {
+		fxt.Test__to_bry_ary_and_clear(""			);						// empty
+		fxt.Test__to_bry_ary_and_clear("a"			, "a");					// lines=1
+		fxt.Test__to_bry_ary_and_clear("a\nb\nc"	, "a", "b", "c");		// lines=n
+		fxt.Test__to_bry_ary_and_clear("a\n"		, "a");					// nl at end
+	}
+}
+class ByteAryBfr_fxt {
+	private final    Bry_bfr bfr = Bry_bfr_.Reset(16);
+	public Bry_bfr Bfr() {return bfr;}
+	public void Clear() {
+		bfr.ClearAndReset();
+	}
+	public void Test_Add_int_pad_bgn(byte pad_byte, int str_len, int val, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, bfr.Add_int_pad_bgn(pad_byte, str_len, val).To_str_and_clear());}
+	public void Test__add_bry_escape(String src, String expd) {Test__add_bry_escape(src, 0, String_.Len(src), expd);}
+	public void Test__add_bry_escape(String src, int src_bgn, int src_end, String expd) {
+		byte[] val_bry = Bry_.new_u8(src);
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, bfr.Add_bry_escape(Byte_ascii.Apos, Byte_.Ary(Byte_ascii.Apos, Byte_ascii.Apos), val_bry, src_bgn, src_end).To_str_and_clear());
+	}
+	public void Test_Insert_at(String init, int pos, String val, String expd)	{Tfds.Eq(expd, bfr.Add_str_u8(init).Insert_at(pos, Bry_.new_u8(val)).To_str_and_clear());}
+	public void Test_Insert_at(String init, int pos, String val, int val_bgn, int val_end, String expd)	{Tfds.Eq(expd, bfr.Add_str_u8(init).Insert_at(pos, Bry_.new_u8(val), val_bgn, val_end).To_str_and_clear());}
+	public void Test_Delete_rng(String init, int bgn, int end, String expd)		{Tfds.Eq(expd, bfr.Add_str_u8(init).Delete_rng(bgn, end).To_str_and_clear());}
+	public void Test_Delete_rng_to_bgn(String init, int pos, String expd)		{Tfds.Eq(expd, bfr.Add_str_u8(init).Delete_rng_to_bgn(pos).To_str_and_clear());}
+	public void Test_Delete_rng_to_end(String init, int pos, String expd)		{Tfds.Eq(expd, bfr.Add_str_u8(init).Delete_rng_to_end(pos).To_str_and_clear());}
+	public void Test__to_bry_ary_and_clear(String bfr_str, String... expd) {
+		Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, String_.Ary(bfr.Add_str_u8(bfr_str).To_bry_ary_and_clear()));
+	}
+	public void Test__add_bry_escape_html(String src, String expd) {Test__add_bry_escape_html(src, 0, String_.Len(src), expd);}
+	public void Test__add_bry_escape_html(String src, int src_bgn, int src_end, String expd) {
+		Gftest.Eq__bry(Bry_.new_u8(expd), bfr.Add_bry_escape_html(Bry_.new_u8(src), src_bgn, src_end).To_bry_and_clear());
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Bry_find_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,402 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Bry_find_ {
+	public static final    int Not_found = -1;
+	public static int Find_fwd(byte[] src, byte lkp)								{return Find_fwd(src, lkp, 0, src.length);}
+	public static int Find_fwd(byte[] src, byte lkp, int cur)						{return Find_fwd(src, lkp, cur, src.length);}
+	public static int Find_fwd(byte[] src, byte lkp, int cur, int end) {
+		for (int i = cur; i < end; i++)
+			if (src[i] == lkp) return i;
+		return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_or(byte[] src, byte lkp, int cur, int end, int or) {
+		int rv = Find_fwd(src, lkp, cur, end);
+		return rv == Bry_find_.Not_found ? or : rv;
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_or(byte[] src, byte[] lkp, int cur, int end, int or) {
+		int rv = Find_fwd(src, lkp, cur, end);
+		return rv == Bry_find_.Not_found ? or : rv;
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd(byte[] src, byte lkp)								{return Find_bwd(src, lkp, src.length, 0);}
+	public static int Find_bwd(byte[] src, byte lkp, int cur)						{return Find_bwd(src, lkp, cur		 , 0);}
+	public static int Find_bwd(byte[] src, byte lkp, int cur, int end) {
+		--cur;	// always subtract 1 from cur; allows passing in src_len or cur_pos without forcing caller to subtract - 1; DATE:2014-02-11
+		--end;
+		for (int i = cur; i > end; i--)
+			if (src[i] == lkp) return i;
+		return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+	}
+	public static int Move_fwd(byte[] src, byte lkp, int cur, int end) {
+		int rv = Find_fwd(src, lkp, cur, src.length);
+		return rv == Bry_find_.Not_found ? rv : rv + 1;
+	}
+	public static int Move_fwd(byte[] src, byte[] lkp, int cur) {return Move_fwd(src, lkp, cur, src.length);}
+	public static int Move_fwd(byte[] src, byte[] lkp, int cur, int end) {
+		int rv = Find_fwd(src, lkp, cur, src.length);
+		return rv == Bry_find_.Not_found ? rv : rv + lkp.length;
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd(byte[] src, byte[] lkp)								{return Find(src, lkp, 0	, src.length, true);}
+	public static int Find_fwd(byte[] src, byte[] lkp, int cur)						{return Find(src, lkp, cur  , src.length, true);}
+	public static int Find_fwd(byte[] src, byte[] lkp, int cur, int end)			{return Find(src, lkp, cur	,        end, true);}
+	private static final int OffsetCompare = 1;// handle srcPos >= 1 -> srcPosChk > 0
+	public static int Find(byte[] src, byte[] lkp, int src_bgn, int src_end, boolean fwd) {
+		if (src_bgn < 0 || src.length == 0) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		int dif, lkp_len = lkp.length, lkp_bgn, lkp_end, src_end_chk; 
+		if (fwd) {
+			if (src_bgn > src_end) return Bry_find_.Not_found; 
+			dif =  1; lkp_bgn = 0;				lkp_end = lkp_len;	src_end_chk = src_end - OffsetCompare;
+		}
+		else {
+			if (src_bgn < src_end) return Bry_find_.Not_found; 
+			dif = -1; lkp_bgn = lkp_len - 1;	lkp_end = -1;		src_end_chk = src.length - OffsetCompare;	// src_end_chk needed when going bwd, b/c lkp_len may be > 1
+		}
+		while (src_bgn != src_end) {									// while src is not done;
+			int lkp_cur = lkp_bgn;
+			while (lkp_cur != lkp_end) {								// while lkp is not done
+				int pos = src_bgn + lkp_cur;
+				if (	pos > src_end_chk								// outside bounds; occurs when lkp_len > 1
+					||	src[pos] != lkp[lkp_cur])						// srcByte doesn't match lkpByte 
+					break;
+				else
+					lkp_cur += dif;
+			}
+			if (lkp_cur == lkp_end) return src_bgn;						// lkp matches src; exit
+			src_bgn += dif;
+		}
+		return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd(byte[] src, byte[] lkp, int cur)				{return Find_bwd(src, lkp, cur		, 0);}
+	public static int Find_bwd(byte[] src, byte[] lkp, int cur, int end)	{
+		if (cur < 1) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		--cur;	// always subtract 1 from cur; allows passing in src_len or cur_pos without forcing caller to subtract - 1; DATE:2014-02-11
+		--end;
+		int src_len = src.length;
+		int lkp_len = lkp.length;
+		for (int i = cur; i > end; i--) {
+			if (i + lkp_len > src_len) continue;	// lkp too small for pos; EX: src=abcde; lkp=bcd; pos=4
+			boolean match = true;
+			for (int j = 0; j < lkp_len; j++) {
+				if (lkp[j] != src[i + j]) {
+					match = false;
+					break;
+				} 
+			}
+			if (match) return i;
+		}
+		return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd_last_ws(byte[] src, int cur) {
+		if (cur < 1) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		--cur;
+		int rv = Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		for (int i = cur; i > -1; i--) {
+			byte b = src[i];
+			switch (b) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab: case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr:
+					rv = i;
+					break;
+				default:
+					i = -1;
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd_ws(byte[] src, int cur, int end)	{
+		for (int i = cur; i > -1; --i) {
+			byte b = src[i];
+			switch (b) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab: case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr:
+					return i;
+			}
+		}
+		return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_last_ws(byte[] src, int cur)	{
+		int end = src.length;
+		if (cur >= end) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		int rv = Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		for (int i = cur; i < end; i++) {
+			byte b = src[i];
+			switch (b) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab: case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr:
+					rv = i;
+					break;
+				default:
+					i = -1;
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd_non_ws_or_not_found(byte[] src, int cur, int end) { // get pos of 1st char that is not ws; 
+		if (cur >= src.length) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		for (int i = cur; i >= end; i--) {
+			byte b = src[i];
+			switch (b) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab: case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr:
+					break;
+				default:
+					return i;
+			}
+		}
+		return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd__while_space_or_tab(byte[] src, int cur, int end) { // get pos of 1st char that is not \t or \s 
+		if (cur < 0 || cur > src.length) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		for (int i = cur - 1; i >= end; i--) {
+			byte b = src[i];
+			switch (b) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab:
+					break;
+				default:
+					return i + 1;
+			}
+		}
+		return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd_non_ws_or_end(byte[] src, int cur, int end) {
+		if (cur >= src.length) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		for (int i = cur; i >= end; i--) {
+			byte b = src[i];
+			switch (b) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab: case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr:
+					break;
+				default:
+					return i;
+			}
+		}
+		return end;
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd__skip_ws(byte[] src, int end, int bgn) {
+		int src_len = src.length;
+		if (end == src_len) return end;
+		if (end > src_len || end < 0) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		int pos = end - 1;	// start from end - 1; handles situations where len is passed in
+		for (int i = pos; i >= bgn; --i) {
+			switch (src[i]) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab: case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr:
+					break;
+				default:
+					return i + 1;
+			}
+		}
+		return bgn;
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd__skip(byte[] src, int end, int bgn, byte skip) {
+		int src_len = src.length; // if (end == src_len) return end;
+		if (end > src_len || end < 0) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		int pos = end - 1;	// start from end - 1; handles situations where len is passed in
+		for (int i = pos; i >= bgn; --i) {
+			if (src[i] != skip)
+				return i + 1;
+		}
+		return bgn;
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd__skip(byte[] src, int end, int bgn, byte[] skip) {
+		int src_len = src.length;
+		if (end > src_len || end < 0) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+		int skip_len = skip.length;
+		int pos = end - skip_len;	// start from end - 1; handles situations where len is passed in
+		for (int i = pos; i >= bgn; --i) {
+			if (!Bry_.Eq(src, i, i + skip_len, skip))
+				return i + skip_len;
+		}
+		return bgn;
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd_while(byte[] src, int cur, int end, byte while_byte) {
+		--cur;
+		while (true) {
+			if (	cur < end
+				||	src[cur] != while_byte) return cur;
+			--cur;
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd_while_v2(byte[] src, int cur, int end, byte while_byte) {
+		--cur;
+		while (true) {
+			if (	cur < end
+				||	src[cur] != while_byte) return cur + 1;
+			--cur;
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_while(byte[] src, int cur, int end, byte while_byte) {
+		while (true) {
+			if (	cur == end
+				||	src[cur] != while_byte) return cur;
+			cur++;
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_while(byte[] src, int cur, int end, byte[] while_bry) {
+		int while_len = while_bry.length;
+		while (true) {
+			if (cur == end) return cur;
+			for (int i = 0; i < while_len; i++) {
+				if (while_bry[i] != src[i + cur]) return cur;
+			}
+			cur += while_len;
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_while_in(byte[] src, int cur, int end, boolean[] while_ary) {
+		while (cur < end) {
+			if (cur == end || !while_ary[src[cur]]) return cur;
+			cur++;
+		}
+		return end;
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_until(byte[] src, int cur, int end, byte until_byte) {
+		while (true) {
+			if (	cur == end
+				||	src[cur] == until_byte) return cur;
+			cur++;
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_until_space_or_tab(byte[] src, int cur, int end) {
+		while (true) {
+			if (cur == end) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+			switch (src[cur])  {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab:
+					return cur;
+				default: 
+					++cur;
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_until_ws(byte[] src, int cur, int end) {
+		while (true) {
+			if (cur == end) return Bry_find_.Not_found;
+			switch (src[cur])  {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab: case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr:
+					return cur;
+				default: 
+					++cur;
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_while_space_or_tab(byte[] src, int cur, int end) {
+		while (true) {
+			if (cur == end) return cur;
+			switch (src[cur]) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab:		++cur; break;
+				default:										return cur; 
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Trim_fwd_space_tab(byte[] src, int cur, int end) {
+		while (true) {
+			if (cur == end) return cur;
+			switch (src[cur]) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab:		++cur; break;
+				default:										return cur; 
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Trim_bwd_space_tab(byte[] src, int cur, int bgn) {
+		while (true) {
+			int prv_cur = cur - 1;				// check byte before cur; EX: "a b " will have len of 4, and pass cur=4;
+			if (prv_cur < bgn) return cur;		// checking byte before prv; exit;
+			switch (src[prv_cur]) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab:		--cur; break;
+				default:										return cur; 
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_while_ws(byte[] src, int cur, int end) {
+		while (true) {
+			if (cur == end) return cur;
+			try {
+				switch (src[cur]) {
+					case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr:
+					case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab:		++cur; break;
+					default:										return cur; 
+				}
+			} catch (Exception e) {throw Err_.new_exc(e, "core", "idx is invalid", "cur", cur, "src", src);}
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_while_letter(byte[] src, int cur, int end) {
+		while (cur < end) {
+			switch (src[cur]) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_A: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_B: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_C: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_D: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_E:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_F: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_G: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_H: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_I: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_J:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_K: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_L: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_M: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_N: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_O:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_P: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_Q: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_R: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_S: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_T:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_U: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_V: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_W: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_X: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_Y: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_Z:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_a: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_b: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_c: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_d: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_e:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_f: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_g: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_h: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_i: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_j:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_k: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_l: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_m: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_n: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_o:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_p: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_q: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_r: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_s: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_t:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_u: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_v: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_w: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_x: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_y: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_z:
+					break;
+				default:
+					return cur;
+			}
+			++cur;
+		}
+		return cur;
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_while_num(byte[] src) {return Find_fwd_while_num(src, 0, src.length);}
+	public static int Find_fwd_while_num(byte[] src, int cur, int end) {
+		while (cur < end) {
+			if (!Byte_ascii.Is_num(src[cur]))
+				return cur;
+			++cur;
+		}
+		return cur;
+	}
+	public static int Find_fwd_while_not_ws(byte[] src, int cur, int end) {
+		while (true) {
+			if (cur == end) return cur;
+			switch (src[cur]) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space:
+				case Byte_ascii.Nl:
+				case Byte_ascii.Tab:
+				case Byte_ascii.Cr:
+					++cur;
+					break;
+				default:
+					return cur;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Find_bwd_while_alphanum(byte[] src, int cur) {return Find_bwd_while_alphanum(src, cur, -1);}
+	public static int Find_bwd_while_alphanum(byte[] src, int cur, int end) {
+		--cur;
+		while (cur > end) {
+			switch (src[cur]) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Num_0: case Byte_ascii.Num_1: case Byte_ascii.Num_2: case Byte_ascii.Num_3: case Byte_ascii.Num_4:
+				case Byte_ascii.Num_5: case Byte_ascii.Num_6: case Byte_ascii.Num_7: case Byte_ascii.Num_8: case Byte_ascii.Num_9:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_A: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_B: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_C: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_D: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_E:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_F: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_G: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_H: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_I: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_J:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_K: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_L: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_M: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_N: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_O:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_P: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_Q: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_R: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_S: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_T:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_U: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_V: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_W: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_X: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_Y: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_Z:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_a: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_b: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_c: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_d: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_e:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_f: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_g: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_h: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_i: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_j:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_k: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_l: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_m: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_n: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_o:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_p: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_q: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_r: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_s: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_t:
+				case Byte_ascii.Ltr_u: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_v: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_w: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_x: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_y: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_z:
+					--cur;
+					break;
+				default:
+					return cur;
+			}
+		}
+		return 0;	// always return a valid index
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Bry_find__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*; import gplx.core.tests.*;
+public class Bry_find__tst {
+	private Bry_find__fxt fxt = new Bry_find__fxt();
+	@Test  public void Find_fwd() {
+		fxt.Test_Find_fwd("abcba",  "b", 0, 1);
+		fxt.Test_Find_fwd("abcba",  "z", 0, -1);
+		fxt.Test_Find_fwd("abcba",  "b", 1, 1);
+		fxt.Test_Find_fwd("abcba",  "b", 2, 3);
+		fxt.Test_Find_fwd("abcba",  "b", 4, -1);
+		fxt.Test_Find_fwd("abcba", "zb", 4, -1);
+		fxt.Test_Find_fwd("abcba",  "a", 6, -1);
+	}
+	@Test  public void Find_bwd() {
+		fxt.Test_Find_bwd("abcba",  "b", 4, 3);
+		fxt.Test_Find_bwd("abcba",  "z", 4, -1);
+		fxt.Test_Find_bwd("abcba",  "b", 3, 1);
+		fxt.Test_Find_bwd("abcba",  "b", 2, 1);
+		fxt.Test_Find_bwd("abcba",  "b", 0, -1);
+		fxt.Test_Find_bwd("abcba", "zb", 4, -1);
+		fxt.Test_Find_fwd("abcba",  "a", -1, -1);
+		fxt.Test_Find_bwd("abcba", "ab", 4, 0);
+	}
+	@Test  public void Find_bwd_last_ws() {
+		fxt.Test_Find_bwd_1st_ws_tst("a b"			, 2, 1);					// basic
+		fxt.Test_Find_bwd_1st_ws_tst("a   b"		, 3, 1);					// multiple
+		fxt.Test_Find_bwd_1st_ws_tst("ab"			, 1, Bry_find_.Not_found);		// none
+	}
+	@Test  public void Trim_fwd_space_tab() {
+		fxt.Test_Trim_fwd_space_tab(" a b"			, 1);
+		fxt.Test_Trim_fwd_space_tab("\ta b"			, 1);
+		fxt.Test_Trim_fwd_space_tab(" \ta b"		, 2);
+		fxt.Test_Trim_fwd_space_tab("a bc"			, 0);
+		fxt.Test_Trim_fwd_space_tab(""				, 0);
+		fxt.Test_Trim_fwd_space_tab(" \t"			, 2);
+	}
+	@Test  public void Trim_bwd_space_tab() {
+		fxt.Test_Trim_bwd_space_tab("a b "			, 3);
+		fxt.Test_Trim_bwd_space_tab("a b\t"			, 3);
+		fxt.Test_Trim_bwd_space_tab("a b\t "		, 3);
+		fxt.Test_Trim_bwd_space_tab("a bc"			, 4);
+		fxt.Test_Trim_bwd_space_tab(""				, 0);
+		fxt.Test_Trim_bwd_space_tab(" \t"			, 0);
+	}
+	@Test  public void Find_fwd_while_in() {
+		boolean[] while_ary = fxt.Init__find_fwd_while_in(Byte_ascii.Space, Byte_ascii.Tab, Byte_ascii.Nl);
+		fxt.Test__find_fwd_while_in(" \t\na", while_ary, 3);
+	}
+}
+class Bry_find__fxt {
+	public void Test_Find_fwd(String src, String lkp, int bgn, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_find_.Find_fwd(Bry_.new_u8(src), Bry_.new_u8(lkp), bgn));}
+	public void Test_Find_bwd(String src, String lkp, int bgn, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_find_.Find_bwd(Bry_.new_u8(src), Bry_.new_u8(lkp), bgn));}
+	public void Test_Find_bwd_1st_ws_tst(String src, int pos, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Bry_find_.Find_bwd_last_ws(Bry_.new_a7(src), pos));}
+	public void Test_Trim_bwd_space_tab(String raw_str, int expd) {
+		byte[] raw_bry = Bry_.new_u8(raw_str);
+		int actl = Bry_find_.Trim_bwd_space_tab(raw_bry, raw_bry.length, 0);
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, actl, raw_str);
+	}
+	public void Test_Trim_fwd_space_tab(String raw_str, int expd) {
+		byte[] raw_bry = Bry_.new_u8(raw_str);
+		int actl = Bry_find_.Trim_fwd_space_tab(raw_bry, 0, raw_bry.length);
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, actl, raw_str);
+	}
+	public boolean[] Init__find_fwd_while_in(byte... ary) {
+		boolean[] rv = new boolean[256];
+		int len = ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
+			rv[ary[i]] = true;
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public void Test__find_fwd_while_in(String src, boolean[] ary, int expd) {
+		byte[] src_bry = Bry_.new_u8(src);
+		Gftest.Eq__int(expd, Bry_find_.Find_fwd_while_in(src_bry, 0, src_bry.length, ary));
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Bry_fmt.java

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.brys.*; import gplx.core.brys.fmts.*;	
+public class Bry_fmt {
+	private final    Object thread_lock = new Object();
+	private byte[] src;
+	private Bry_fmt_itm[] itms; private int itms_len;
+	private Bfr_fmt_arg[] args = Bfr_fmt_arg.Ary_empty;
+	private byte[][] keys = Bry_.Ary_empty;
+	private Object[] vals = null;
+	private boolean dirty;
+	public Bry_fmt(byte[] src, byte[][] keys, Bfr_fmt_arg[] args) {
+		dirty = true;
+		this.src = src; this.keys = keys; this.args = args;
+	}
+	public byte[] Fmt()									{return src;}
+	public Bry_fmt Fmt_(String v)						{return Fmt_(Bry_.new_u8(v));}
+	public Bry_fmt Fmt_(byte[] v)						{dirty = true; src = v; return this;}
+	public Bry_fmt Args_(Bfr_fmt_arg... v)		{dirty = true; args = v; return this;}
+	public Bry_fmt Keys_(String... v)				{return Keys_(Bry_.Ary(v));}
+	public Bry_fmt Keys_(byte[]... v)				{dirty = true; keys = v; return this;}
+	public Bry_fmt Vals_(Object... v)				{vals = v; return this;}
+	public String Bld_many_to_str_auto_bfr(Object... vals_ary) {
+		Bry_bfr bfr = Bry_bfr_.Get();
+		try {return Bld_many_to_str(bfr, vals_ary);} 
+		finally {bfr.Mkr_rls();}
+	}
+	public String Bld_many_to_str(Bry_bfr bfr, Object... vals_ary) {
+		Bld_many(bfr, vals_ary);
+		return bfr.To_str_and_clear();
+	}
+	public byte[] Bld_many_to_bry(Bry_bfr bfr, Object... vals_ary) {
+		Bld_many(bfr, vals_ary);
+		return bfr.To_bry_and_clear();
+	}
+	public void Bld_many(Bry_bfr bfr, Object... vals_ary) {
+		if (dirty) Compile();
+		int vals_len = vals_ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < itms_len; ++i) {
+			Bry_fmt_itm itm = itms[i];
+			switch (itm.Tid) {
+				case Bry_fmt_itm.Tid__txt: bfr.Add_mid(src, itm.Src_bgn, itm.Src_end); break;
+				case Bry_fmt_itm.Tid__arg: itm.Arg.Bfr_arg__add(bfr);break;
+				case Bry_fmt_itm.Tid__key: 
+					int idx = itm.Key_idx;
+					if (idx > -1 && idx < vals_len)
+						bfr.Add_obj(vals_ary[idx]);
+					else
+						bfr.Add_mid(src, itm.Src_bgn, itm.Src_end);
+					break;
+				default: throw Err_.new_unhandled(itm.Tid);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	public String To_str() {return Bld_many_to_str_auto_bfr(vals);}
+	private void Compile() {
+		synchronized (thread_lock) {
+			dirty = false;
+			this.itms = Bry_fmt_parser_.Parse(Byte_ascii.Tilde, Byte_ascii.Curly_bgn, Byte_ascii.Curly_end, args, keys, src);
+			this.itms_len = itms.length;
+		}
+	}
+	public static Bry_fmt New(String fmt, String... keys) {return new Bry_fmt(Bry_.new_u8(fmt), Bry_.Ary(keys), Bfr_fmt_arg.Ary_empty);}
+	public static Bry_fmt New(byte[] fmt, String... keys) {return new Bry_fmt(fmt				, Bry_.Ary(keys), Bfr_fmt_arg.Ary_empty);}
+	public static String Make_str(String fmt_str, Object... vals) {return Auto(fmt_str).Vals_(vals).To_str();}
+	public static Bry_fmt Auto_nl_apos(String... lines) {return Auto(Bry_.New_u8_nl_apos(lines));}
+	public static Bry_fmt Auto_nl_skip_last(String... lines) {return Auto(Bry_.new_u8(String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last(lines)));}
+	public static Bry_fmt Auto(String fmt_str) {return Auto(Bry_.new_u8(fmt_str));}
+	public static Bry_fmt Auto(byte[] fmt_bry) {
+		byte[][] keys_bry = Bry_fmt_parser_.Parse_keys(fmt_bry);
+		return new Bry_fmt(fmt_bry, keys_bry, Bfr_fmt_arg.Ary_empty);
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Bry_split_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.brys.*;
+public class Bry_split_ {
+	private static final    Object thread_lock = new Object();
+	public static byte[][] Split(byte[] src, byte dlm)				{return Split(src, dlm, false);}
+	public static byte[][] Split(byte[] src, byte dlm, boolean trim)	{return src == null ? Bry_.Ary_empty : Split(src, 0, src.length, dlm, trim);}
+	public static byte[][] Split(byte[] src, int bgn, int end, byte dlm, boolean trim) {
+		synchronized (thread_lock) {
+			Bry_split_wkr__to_ary wkr = Bry_split_wkr__to_ary.Instance;
+			Split(src, bgn, end, dlm, trim, wkr);
+			return wkr.To_ary();
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Split(byte[] src, int src_bgn, int src_end, byte dlm, boolean trim, Bry_split_wkr wkr) {
+		if (src == null || src_end - src_bgn < 1) return 0;
+		int pos = src_bgn; 
+		int itm_bgn = -1, itm_end = -1;
+		int count = 0;
+		while (true) {
+			boolean pos_is_last = pos == src_end;
+			byte b = pos_is_last ? dlm : src[pos];
+			int nxt_pos = pos + 1;
+			boolean process = true;
+			switch (b) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab: case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr: // ignore ws; assumes that flags have no ws (they are single char) and vnts have no ws (EX: zh-hans)
+					if (trim && b != dlm) process = false;			// b != dlm handles cases where ws is dlm, but trim is enabled; EX: " a \n b" -> "a", "b"
+					break; 
+			}
+			if (process) {
+				if (b == dlm) {
+					boolean reset = true;
+					if (itm_bgn == -1) {
+						if (pos_is_last) {}							// skip dlm at bgn / end; EX: "a,"
+						else {wkr.Split(src, pos, pos );}			// else, process "empty" dlm; EX: ",a"
+					}	
+					else {
+						int rv = wkr.Split(src, itm_bgn, itm_end);
+						switch (rv) {
+							case Rv__ok:		++count; break;
+							case Rv__extend:	reset = false; break;
+							case Rv__cancel:	return count;
+							default:			throw Err_.new_unhandled(rv);
+						}
+					}
+					if (reset) itm_bgn = itm_end = -1;
+				}
+				else {
+					if (itm_bgn == -1) itm_bgn = pos;
+					itm_end = nxt_pos;
+				}
+			}
+			if (pos_is_last) break;
+			pos = nxt_pos;
+		}
+		return count;
+	}
+	public static byte[][] Split(byte[] src, byte[] dlm) {return Split(src, 0, src.length, dlm);}
+	public static byte[][] Split(byte[] src, int src_bgn, int src_end, byte[] dlm) {
+		if (src == null) return Bry_.Ary_empty;
+		int src_len = src.length;
+		if (src_len == 0) return Bry_.Ary_empty;
+		int cur_pos = src_bgn, dlm_len = dlm.length;
+		List_adp rv = List_adp_.New();
+		while (true) {
+			int find_pos = Bry_find_.Find_fwd(src, dlm, cur_pos);
+			if (find_pos == Bry_find_.Not_found) {
+				if (cur_pos >= src_end) break;	// dlm is last sequence in src; do not create empty itm
+				find_pos = src_end;			
+			}
+			rv.Add(Bry_.Mid(src, cur_pos, find_pos));
+			cur_pos = find_pos + dlm_len;
+			if (cur_pos >= src_end) break;
+		}
+		return (byte[][])rv.To_ary(byte[].class);
+	}
+	public static byte[][] Split_lines(byte[] src) {
+		if (Bry_.Len_eq_0(src)) return Bry_.Ary_empty;
+		int src_len = src.length, src_pos = 0, fld_bgn = 0;
+		List_adp rv = List_adp_.New();
+		while (true) {
+			boolean last = src_pos == src_len;
+			byte b = last ? Byte_ascii.Nl : src[src_pos];
+			int nxt_bgn = src_pos + 1; 
+			switch (b) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Cr:
+				case Byte_ascii.Nl:
+					if (	b == Byte_ascii.Cr		// check for crlf
+						&& nxt_bgn < src_len && src[nxt_bgn] == Byte_ascii.Nl) {
+							++nxt_bgn;
+					}
+					if (last && (src_pos - fld_bgn == 0)) {}	// ignore trailing itms
+					else
+						rv.Add(Bry_.Mid(src, fld_bgn, src_pos));
+					fld_bgn = nxt_bgn;
+					break;
+			}
+			if (last) break;
+			src_pos = nxt_bgn;
+		}
+		return (byte[][])rv.To_ary(byte[].class);
+	}
+	public static byte[][] Split_w_max(byte[] src, byte dlm, int max) {
+		byte[][] rv = new byte[max][];
+		int src_len = src.length;
+		int rv_idx = 0;
+		int itm_bgn = 0;
+		int src_pos = 0;
+		while (true) {
+			boolean is_last = src_pos == src_len;
+			byte b = is_last ? dlm : src[src_pos];
+			if (b == dlm) {
+				rv[rv_idx++] = Bry_.Mid(src, itm_bgn, src_pos);
+				itm_bgn = src_pos + 1;
+			}
+			if (is_last || rv_idx == max)
+				break;
+			else
+				src_pos++;
+		}
+		return rv;
+	}
+
+	public static final int Rv__ok = 0, Rv__extend = 1, Rv__cancel = 2;
+}
+class Bry_split_wkr__to_ary implements gplx.core.brys.Bry_split_wkr {
+	private final    List_adp list = List_adp_.New();
+	public int Split(byte[] src, int itm_bgn, int itm_end) {
+		synchronized (list) {
+			byte[] bry = itm_end == itm_bgn ? Bry_.Empty : Bry_.Mid(src, itm_bgn, itm_end);
+			list.Add(bry);
+			return Bry_split_.Rv__ok;
+		}
+	}
+	public byte[][] To_ary() {
+		synchronized (list) {
+			return (byte[][])list.To_ary_and_clear(byte[].class);
+		}
+	}
+        public static final    Bry_split_wkr__to_ary Instance = new Bry_split_wkr__to_ary(); Bry_split_wkr__to_ary() {}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Bry_split__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*; import gplx.core.tests.*;
+public class Bry_split__tst {
+	private final    Bry_split__fxt fxt = new Bry_split__fxt();
+	@Test   public void Split() {
+		fxt.Test_split("a"				, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.N, "a");					// no trim
+		fxt.Test_split("a|"				, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.N, "a");
+		fxt.Test_split("|a"				, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.N, "", "a");
+		fxt.Test_split("|"				, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.N, "");
+		fxt.Test_split(""				, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.N);
+		fxt.Test_split("a|b|c"			, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.N, "a", "b", "c");
+		fxt.Test_split(" a "			, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.Y, "a");					// trim
+		fxt.Test_split(" a |"			, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.Y, "a");
+		fxt.Test_split("| a "			, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.Y, "", "a");
+		fxt.Test_split(" | "			, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.Y, "");
+		fxt.Test_split(" "				, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.Y);
+		fxt.Test_split(" a | b | c "	, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.Y, "a", "b", "c");
+		fxt.Test_split(" a b | c d "	, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.Y, "a b", "c d");
+		fxt.Test_split(" a \n b "		, Byte_ascii.Nl  , Bool_.N, " a ", " b ");			// ws as dlm
+		fxt.Test_split(" a \n b "		, Byte_ascii.Nl  , Bool_.Y, "a", "b");				// ws as dlm; trim
+		fxt.Test_split("a|extend|b"		, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.Y, "a", "extend|b");		// extend
+		fxt.Test_split("extend|a"		, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.Y, "extend|a");			// extend
+		fxt.Test_split("a|cancel|b"		, Byte_ascii.Pipe, Bool_.Y, "a");					// cancel
+	}
+	@Test   public void Split__bry() {
+		fxt.Test_split("a|b|c|d"		, 2, 6, "|", "b", "c");
+		fxt.Test_split("a|b|c|d"		, 2, 4, "|", "b");
+	}
+	@Test   public void Empty() {
+		fxt.Test_split("a\n\nb"         , Byte_ascii.Nl, Bool_.N, "a", "", "b");
+	}
+	@Test   public void Split_w_max() {
+		fxt.Test__split_w_max("a|b|c|d"              , Byte_ascii.Pipe, 2, "a", "b");		// max is less
+		fxt.Test__split_w_max("a"                    , Byte_ascii.Pipe, 2, "a", null);		// max is more
+		fxt.Test__split_w_max("|"                    , Byte_ascii.Pipe, 2, "", "");		    // empty itms
+	}
+}
+class Bry_split__fxt {
+	private final    Bry_split_wkr__example wkr = new Bry_split_wkr__example();
+	public void Test_split(String raw_str, byte dlm, boolean trim, String... expd) {
+		byte[] src = Bry_.new_a7(raw_str);
+		Bry_split_.Split(src, 0, src.length, dlm, trim, wkr);
+		byte[][] actl_ary = wkr.To_ary();
+		Tfds.Eq_ary_str(expd, String_.Ary(actl_ary));
+	}
+	public void Test_split(String src, int src_bgn, int src_end, String dlm, String... expd) {
+		Tfds.Eq_ary_str(Bry_.Ary(expd), Bry_split_.Split(Bry_.new_u8(src), src_bgn, src_end, Bry_.new_u8(dlm)));
+	}
+	public void Test__split_w_max(String src, byte dlm, int max, String... expd) {
+		Gftest.Eq__ary(expd, String_.Ary(Bry_split_.Split_w_max(Bry_.new_u8(src), dlm, max)));
+	}
+}
+class Bry_split_wkr__example implements gplx.core.brys.Bry_split_wkr {
+	private final    List_adp list = List_adp_.New();
+	public int Split(byte[] src, int itm_bgn, int itm_end) {
+		byte[] bry = itm_end == itm_bgn ? Bry_.Empty : Bry_.Mid(src, itm_bgn, itm_end);
+		if		(Bry_.Eq(bry, Bry_.new_a7("extend"))) return Bry_split_.Rv__extend;
+		else if (Bry_.Eq(bry, Bry_.new_a7("cancel"))) return Bry_split_.Rv__cancel;
+		list.Add(bry);
+		return Bry_split_.Rv__ok;
+	}
+	public byte[][] To_ary() {
+		return (byte[][])list.To_ary_and_clear(byte[].class);
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Byte_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Byte_ {//RF:2017-10-08
+	public static final String Cls_val_name = "byte";
+	public static final    Class<?> Cls_ref_type = Byte.class; 
+
+	public static final byte
+	  Zero			= 0
+	, Min_value		= Byte.MIN_VALUE		
+	, Max_value_127	= 127
+	, Val_128		= -128				
+	, Val_255		= -1				
+	;
+
+	public static byte		By_int(int v)	{return v > 127 ? (byte)(v - 256) : (byte)v;} // PERF?: (byte)(v & 0xff)
+	public static int		To_int(byte v)	{return v < 0 ? (int)v + 256 : v;}
+	public static String	To_str(byte v)	{return new Byte(v).toString();} 
+	public static byte[]	To_bry(byte v)	{return new byte[] {v};}
+
+	public static byte		Cast(Object o)		{try {return (Byte)o;} catch (Exception e) {throw Err_.new_type_mismatch_w_exc(e, byte.class, o);}}
+	public static byte		Parse(String raw)	{return Byte.parseByte(raw);}	
+	public static byte		Parse_or(String raw, byte or) {
+		if (raw == null) return or;
+		try {return Parse(raw);}
+		catch (Exception e) {Err_.Noop(e); return or;}
+	}
+
+	public static boolean Match_any(byte v, byte... ary) {
+		for (byte itm : ary)
+			if (v == itm) return true;
+		return false;
+	}
+	public static boolean Match_all(byte v, byte... ary) {
+		for (byte itm : ary)
+			if (v != itm) return false;
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	public static int Compare(byte lhs, byte rhs) {
+		if		(lhs == rhs) 	return CompareAble_.Same;
+		else if (lhs < rhs)		return CompareAble_.Less;
+		else 					return CompareAble_.More;
+	}
+
+	public static byte[] Ary(byte... ary) {return ary;}
+	public static byte[] Ary_by_ints(int... ary) {
+		int ary_len = ary.length;
+		byte[] rv = new byte[ary_len];
+		for (int i = 0; i < ary_len; i++) {
+			rv[i] = By_int(ary[i]);
+		}
+		return rv;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Byte__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Byte__tst {
+	@Test  public void int_() {
+		tst_int_(   0,    0);
+		tst_int_( 127,  127);
+		tst_int_( 128,  128);	// NOTE: JAVA defines byte as -128 -> 127
+		tst_int_( 255,  255);
+		tst_int_( 256,    0);	// NOTE: 256 will cast to 1; (byte)256 works same in both JAVA/.NET
+	}	void tst_int_(int v, int expd) {Tfds.Eq((byte)expd, Byte_.By_int(v));}	// WORKAROUND/JAVA: expd is of type int b/c java promotes numbers to ints
+	@Test  public void To_int() {
+		tst_XtoInt(   0,    0);
+		tst_XtoInt( 127,  127);
+		tst_XtoInt( 128,  128);
+		tst_XtoInt( 255,  255);
+		tst_XtoInt( 256,    0);
+	}	void tst_XtoInt(int v, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Byte_.To_int((byte)v));}	// WORKAROUND/JAVA: v is of type int b/c java promotes numbers to ints
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Byte_ascii.java

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Byte_ascii {
+	public static final byte
+	      Null			=   0												 , Backfeed         =   8, Tab				=   9
+		, Nl			=  10, Formfeed			=  12, Cr				=  13
+		,					   Escape			=  27
+													 , Space			=  32, Bang				=  33, Quote			=  34
+		, Hash			=  35, Dollar           =  36, Percent			=  37, Amp				=  38, Apos				=  39
+		, Paren_bgn		=  40, Paren_end		=  41, Star				=  42, Plus				=  43, Comma			=  44
+		, Dash			=  45, Dot				=  46, Slash			=  47, Num_0			=  48, Num_1			=  49
+		, Num_2			=  50, Num_3			=  51, Num_4			=  52, Num_5			=  53, Num_6			=  54
+		, Num_7			=  55, Num_8			=  56, Num_9			=  57, Colon			=  58, Semic			=  59
+		, Lt			=  60, Eq				=  61, Gt				=  62, Question			=  63, At				=  64
+		, Ltr_A			=  65, Ltr_B			=  66, Ltr_C			=  67, Ltr_D			=  68, Ltr_E			=  69
+		, Ltr_F			=  70, Ltr_G			=  71, Ltr_H			=  72, Ltr_I			=  73, Ltr_J			=  74
+		, Ltr_K			=  75, Ltr_L			=  76, Ltr_M			=  77, Ltr_N			=  78, Ltr_O			=  79
+		, Ltr_P			=  80, Ltr_Q			=  81, Ltr_R			=  82, Ltr_S			=  83, Ltr_T			=  84
+		, Ltr_U			=  85, Ltr_V			=  86, Ltr_W			=  87, Ltr_X			=  88, Ltr_Y			=  89
+		, Ltr_Z			=  90, Brack_bgn		=  91, Backslash		=  92, Brack_end		=  93, Pow				=  94	// Circumflex             
+		, Underline     =  95, Tick				=  96, Ltr_a			=  97, Ltr_b            =  98, Ltr_c			=  99
+		, Ltr_d			= 100, Ltr_e			= 101, Ltr_f			= 102, Ltr_g			= 103, Ltr_h			= 104
+		, Ltr_i			= 105, Ltr_j			= 106, Ltr_k			= 107, Ltr_l			= 108, Ltr_m			= 109
+		, Ltr_n			= 110, Ltr_o			= 111, Ltr_p			= 112, Ltr_q			= 113, Ltr_r			= 114
+		, Ltr_s			= 115, Ltr_t			= 116, Ltr_u			= 117, Ltr_v			= 118, Ltr_w			= 119
+		, Ltr_x			= 120, Ltr_y			= 121, Ltr_z			= 122, Curly_bgn		= 123, Pipe				= 124
+		, Curly_end		= 125, Tilde			= 126, Delete           = 127
+		;
+	public static final byte
+	  Angle_bgn = Lt, Angle_end = Gt
+	;
+
+	public static final int Len_1 = 1;
+	public static final byte Max_7_bit = (byte)127, Ascii_min = 0, Ascii_max = 127;
+	public static boolean Is_sym(byte b) {
+		switch (b) {
+			case Byte_ascii.Bang: case Byte_ascii.Quote:
+			case Byte_ascii.Hash: case Byte_ascii.Dollar: case Byte_ascii.Percent: case Byte_ascii.Amp: case Byte_ascii.Apos:
+			case Byte_ascii.Paren_bgn: case Byte_ascii.Paren_end: case Byte_ascii.Star: case Byte_ascii.Plus: case Byte_ascii.Comma:
+			case Byte_ascii.Dash: case Byte_ascii.Dot: case Byte_ascii.Slash:
+			case Byte_ascii.Colon: case Byte_ascii.Semic:
+			case Byte_ascii.Lt: case Byte_ascii.Eq: case Byte_ascii.Gt: case Byte_ascii.Question: case Byte_ascii.At:
+			case Byte_ascii.Brack_bgn: case Byte_ascii.Backslash: case Byte_ascii.Brack_end: case Byte_ascii.Pow:								
+			case Byte_ascii.Underline: case Byte_ascii.Tick:
+			case Byte_ascii.Curly_bgn: case Byte_ascii.Pipe:
+			case Byte_ascii.Curly_end: case Byte_ascii.Tilde:
+				return true;
+			default:
+				return false;
+		}
+	}
+	public static boolean Is_ltr(byte b) {
+		return (	b >= Byte_ascii.Ltr_a && b <= Byte_ascii.Ltr_z
+				||	b >= Byte_ascii.Ltr_A && b <= Byte_ascii.Ltr_Z);
+	}
+	public static boolean Is_ws(byte b) {
+		switch (b) {
+			case Byte_ascii.Tab: case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr: case Byte_ascii.Space: return true;
+			default: return false;
+		}
+	}
+	public static boolean Is_num(byte b) {
+		return b > Byte_ascii.Slash && b < Byte_ascii.Colon;
+	}
+	public static byte	To_a7_int(byte b)		{return (byte)(b - Byte_ascii.Num_0);}
+	public static byte	To_a7_str(int digit)	{
+		switch (digit) {
+			case 0: return Byte_ascii.Num_0; case 1: return Byte_ascii.Num_1; case 2: return Byte_ascii.Num_2; case 3: return Byte_ascii.Num_3; case 4: return Byte_ascii.Num_4;
+			case 5: return Byte_ascii.Num_5; case 6: return Byte_ascii.Num_6; case 7: return Byte_ascii.Num_7; case 8: return Byte_ascii.Num_8; case 9: return Byte_ascii.Num_9;
+			default: throw Err_.new_("Byte_ascii", "unknown digit", "digit", digit);
+		}
+	}
+	public static String To_str(byte b) {return Char_.To_str((char)b);}
+	public static byte Case_upper(byte b) {
+		return b > 96 && b < 123
+			? (byte)(b - 32)
+			: b;
+	}
+	public static byte Case_lower(byte b) {
+		return b > 64 && b < 91
+			? (byte)(b + 32)
+			: b;
+	}
+	public static final    byte[] Space_len2 = new byte[] {Space, Space}, Space_len4 = new byte[] {Space, Space, Space, Space};
+	public static final    byte[]
+	  Tab_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Tab}
+	, Nl_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Nl}
+	, Space_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Space}
+	, Bang_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Bang}
+	, Quote_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Quote}
+	, Hash_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Hash}
+	, Dot_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Dot}
+	, Angle_bgn_bry			= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Angle_bgn}
+	, Angle_end_bry			= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Angle_end}
+	, Comma_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Comma}
+	, Colon_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Colon}
+	, Semic_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Semic}
+	, Eq_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Eq}
+	, Amp_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Amp}
+	, Lt_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Lt}
+	, Gt_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Gt}
+	, Question_bry			= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Question}
+	, Brack_bgn_bry			= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Brack_bgn}
+	, Brack_end_bry			= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Brack_end}
+	, Apos_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Apos}
+	, Pipe_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Pipe}
+	, Underline_bry			= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Underline}
+	, Slash_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Slash}
+	, Star_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Star}
+	, Dash_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Dash}
+	, Cr_lf_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Cr, Byte_ascii.Nl}
+	, Num_0_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Num_0}
+	, Num_1_bry				= new byte[] {Byte_ascii.Num_1}
+	;
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Cancelable.java

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface Cancelable {
+	boolean Canceled();
+	void Cancel();
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Cancelable_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Cancelable_ {
+	public static final Cancelable Never = new Cancelable_never();
+	public static Cancelable New_proxy() {return new Cancelable_proxy();}
+}
+class Cancelable_never implements Cancelable {
+	public boolean Canceled() {return false;}
+	public void Cancel() {}
+}
+class Cancelable_proxy implements Cancelable {
+	private boolean canceled = false;
+	public boolean Canceled()		{return canceled;}
+	public void Cancel()		{canceled = true;}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Char_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Char_ {
+	public static final String Cls_val_name = "char";
+	public static final    Class<?> Cls_ref_type = Character.class;
+	public static final char Null = '\0', NewLine = '\n';
+	public static boolean IsCaseLower(char c) {return Character.isLowerCase(c);}				
+	public static boolean IsLetterOrDigit(char c) {return Character.isLetterOrDigit(c);}	
+	public static boolean IsLetterEnglish(char c) {
+		switch (c) {
+			case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e': case 'f': case 'g': case 'h': case 'i': case 'j': 
+			case 'k': case 'l': case 'm': case 'n': case 'o': case 'p': case 'q': case 'r': case 's': case 't': 
+			case 'u': case 'v': case 'w': case 'x': case 'y': case 'z':
+			case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F': case 'G': case 'H': case 'I': case 'J': 
+			case 'K': case 'L': case 'M': case 'N': case 'O': case 'P': case 'Q': case 'R': case 'S': case 'T': 
+			case 'U': case 'V': case 'W': case 'X': case 'Y': case 'Z': return true;
+			default: return false;
+		}
+	}
+	public static boolean IsLetterLowerEnglish(char c) {
+		switch (c) {
+			case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e': case 'f': case 'g': case 'h': case 'i': case 'j': 
+			case 'k': case 'l': case 'm': case 'n': case 'o': case 'p': case 'q': case 'r': case 's': case 't': 
+			case 'u': case 'v': case 'w': case 'x': case 'y': case 'z': return true;
+			default: return false;
+		}
+	}
+	public static boolean IsNumber(char c) {
+		switch (c) {
+			case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': return true;
+			default: return false;
+		}
+	}
+	public static boolean IsWhitespace(char c) {
+		switch (c) {
+			case ' ': case '\t': case '\n': case '\r': return true;
+			default: return false;
+		}
+	}
+	public static boolean In(char match, char... ary) {
+		for (char itm : ary)
+			if (itm == match) return true;
+		return false;
+	}
+	public static int To_int_or(char c, int or) {
+		switch (c) {
+			case '0': return 0; case '1': return 1; case '2': return 2; case '3': return 3; case '4': return 4;
+			case '5': return 5; case '6': return 6; case '7': return 7; case '8': return 8; case '9': return 9;
+			default: return or;
+		}
+	}
+	public static String To_str(char[] ary, int pos, int length) {return new String(ary, pos, length);}
+	public static String To_str(int b) {return To_str((char)b);}
+	public static String To_str(char c) {return String.valueOf(c);}	
+	public static char By_int(int i) {return (char)i;}
+	public static char cast(Object o) {try {return (Character)o;} catch(Exception e) {throw Err_.new_type_mismatch_w_exc(e, char.class, o);}}
+	public static char parse(String raw) {try {return raw.charAt(0);} catch(Exception exc) {throw Err_.new_parse_exc(exc, char.class, raw);}}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/CompareAble.java

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface CompareAble extends Comparable {}	// URL:/doc/gplx/CompareAble_.txt
+// public int compareTo(Object obj) {Type comp = (Type)obj; return prop.compareTo(comp.prop);}

100_core/src/gplx/CompareAble_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class CompareAble_ {
+	public static Comparable as_(Object obj) {return obj instanceof Comparable ? (Comparable)obj : null;}
+	public static int Compare_obj(Object lhs, Object rhs) {return Compare_comp(as_(lhs), as_(rhs));}
+	public static int Compare_comp(Comparable lhs, Comparable rhs) {
+		if		(lhs == null && rhs == null)	return CompareAble_.Same;
+		else if (lhs == null)					return CompareAble_.More;
+		else if (rhs == null)					return CompareAble_.Less;
+		else									return Compare(lhs, rhs);
+	}
+	public static int Compare(Comparable lhs, Comparable rhs) {return lhs.compareTo(rhs);}	
+
+	public static boolean Is(int expd, Comparable lhs, Comparable rhs) {
+		int actl = Compare_comp(lhs, rhs);
+		if (actl == Same && expd % 2 == Same)	// actl=Same and expd=(Same||MoreOrSame||LessOrSame)
+			return true;
+		else
+			return (actl * expd) > 0;			// actl=More||Less; expd will match if on same side of 0 (ex: expd=Less; actl=Less; -1 * -1 = 1)
+	}
+
+	public static final int 
+	  More = 1
+	, Less = -1
+	, Same = 0
+	, More_or_same = 2
+	, Less_or_same = -2
+	;
+}

100_core/src/gplx/DateAdp.java

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+import java.util.TimeZone;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+public class DateAdp implements CompareAble, Gfo_invk {
+	public int compareTo(Object obj)		{DateAdp comp = (DateAdp)obj; return under.compareTo(comp.under);}
+	@Override public String toString()		{return XtoStr_gplx_long();}
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m)  {
+		if		(ctx.Match(k, Invk_XtoStr_fmt))		return XtoStr_fmt("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
+		else if (ctx.Match(k, Invk_AddDays)) {
+			int days = m.ReadInt("days");
+			if (ctx.Deny()) return this;
+			return this.Add_day(days);
+		}
+		else										return Gfo_invk_.Rv_unhandled;			
+	}	public static final    String Invk_XtoStr_fmt = "XtoStr_fmt", Invk_AddDays = "Add_day";
+	public int Segment(int segmentIdx) {
+		switch (segmentIdx) {
+			case DateAdp_.SegIdx_year:			return this.Year();
+			case DateAdp_.SegIdx_month:			return this.Month();
+			case DateAdp_.SegIdx_day:			return this.Day();
+			case DateAdp_.SegIdx_hour:			return this.Hour();
+			case DateAdp_.SegIdx_minute:		return this.Minute();
+			case DateAdp_.SegIdx_second:		return this.Second();
+			case DateAdp_.SegIdx_frac:			return this.Frac();
+			case DateAdp_.SegIdx_dayOfWeek:		return this.DayOfWeek();
+			case DateAdp_.SegIdx_weekOfYear:	return this.WeekOfYear();
+			case DateAdp_.SegIdx_dayOfYear:		return this.DayOfYear();
+			default: throw Err_.new_unhandled(segmentIdx);
+		}
+	}
+	public int[] XtoSegAry() {
+		int[] rv = new int[7];
+		rv[DateAdp_.SegIdx_year]	= this.Year();
+		rv[DateAdp_.SegIdx_month]	= this.Month();
+		rv[DateAdp_.SegIdx_day]		= this.Day();
+		rv[DateAdp_.SegIdx_hour]	= this.Hour();
+		rv[DateAdp_.SegIdx_minute]	= this.Minute();
+		rv[DateAdp_.SegIdx_second]	= this.Second();
+		rv[DateAdp_.SegIdx_frac]	= this.Frac();
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public String XtoStr_gplx()						{return XtoStr_fmt("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss.fff");}
+	public String XtoStr_gplx_long()				{return XtoStr_fmt("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff");}
+	public String XtoStr_fmt_HHmmss()				{return XtoStr_fmt("HH:mm:ss");}
+	public String XtoStr_fmt_HHmm()					{return XtoStr_fmt("HH:mm");}
+	public String XtoStr_fmt_yyyy_MM_dd()			{return XtoStr_fmt("yyyy-MM-dd");}
+	public String XtoStr_fmt_yyyyMMdd_HHmmss()		{return XtoStr_fmt("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss");}
+	public String XtoStr_fmt_yyyyMMdd_HHmmss_fff()	{return XtoStr_fmt("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss.fff");}
+	public String XtoStr_fmt_yyyyMMdd_HHmm()		{return XtoStr_fmt("yyyyMMdd_HHmm");}
+	public String XtoStr_fmt_yyyy_MM_dd_HH_mm()		{return XtoStr_fmt("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm");}
+	public String XtoStr_fmt_yyyy_MM_dd_HH_mm_ss()	{return XtoStr_fmt("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");}
+	public String XtoStr_fmt_iso_8561()				{return XtoStr_fmt("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");}
+	public String XtoStr_fmt_iso_8561_w_tz()		{return XtoStr_fmt("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss'Z'");}
+	public static int Timezone_offset_test = Int_.Min_value;
+		public Calendar UnderDateTime() 		{return under;} Calendar under;
+	public int Year() {return under.get(Calendar.YEAR);}
+	public int Month() {return under.get(Calendar.MONTH) + Month_base0adj;}
+	public int Day() {return under.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);}
+	public int Hour() {return under.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);}
+	public int Minute() {return under.get(Calendar.MINUTE);}
+	public int Second() {return under.get(Calendar.SECOND);}
+	public int DayOfWeek() {return under.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK) - 1;}	// -1 : Base0; NOTE: dotnet/php is also Sunday=0
+	public int DayOfYear() {return under.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);}
+	public int Timezone_offset() {
+		return Timezone_offset_test == Int_.Min_value							// Timezone_offset_test not over-ridden
+				? 0
+		//		? under.getTimeZone().getOffset(this.Timestamp_unix()) / 1000	// divide by 1000 to convert from ms to seconds
+				: Timezone_offset_test
+				;
+	}
+	public DateAdp XtoUtc() {
+		java.util.Date date = under.getTime();
+		java.util.TimeZone tz = under.getTimeZone();
+		long msFromEpochGmt = date.getTime();
+		int offsetFromUTC = tz.getOffset(msFromEpochGmt);
+		Calendar gmtCal = Calendar.getInstance();
+		gmtCal.setTimeInMillis(msFromEpochGmt + -offsetFromUTC);
+		return new DateAdp(gmtCal);
+	}
+	public DateAdp XtoLocal() {
+		java.util.Date date = under.getTime();
+		java.util.TimeZone tz = under.getTimeZone();
+		long msFromEpochGmt = date.getTime();
+		int offsetFromUTC = tz.getOffset(msFromEpochGmt);
+		Calendar gmtCal = Calendar.getInstance();
+		gmtCal.setTimeInMillis(msFromEpochGmt + offsetFromUTC);
+		return new DateAdp(gmtCal);
+	}
+	public long Timestamp_unix() {
+		long offsetFromUTC = (under.getTimeZone().getOffset(0));
+		boolean dst = TimeZone.getDefault().inDaylightTime(under.getTime());
+		long dst_adj = dst ? 3600000 : 0;
+		return (under.getTimeInMillis() + offsetFromUTC + dst_adj) / 1000;
+	}
+	public int WeekOfYear() {return under.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_YEAR);}
+	public int Frac() {return under.get(Calendar.MILLISECOND);}
+	public DateAdp Add_frac(int val) {return CloneAndAdd(Calendar.MILLISECOND, val);}
+	public DateAdp Add_second(int val) {return CloneAndAdd(Calendar.SECOND, val);}
+	public DateAdp Add_minute(int val) {return CloneAndAdd(Calendar.MINUTE, val);}
+	public DateAdp Add_hour(int val) {return CloneAndAdd(Calendar.HOUR, val);}
+	public DateAdp Add_day(int val) {return CloneAndAdd(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, val);}
+	public DateAdp Add_month(int val) {return CloneAndAdd(Calendar.MONTH, val);}
+	public DateAdp Add_year(int val) {return CloneAndAdd(Calendar.YEAR, val);}
+	DateAdp CloneAndAdd(int field, int val) {
+		Calendar clone = (Calendar)under.clone();
+		clone.add(field, val);
+		return new DateAdp(clone);
+	}
+	public String XtoStr_fmt(String fmt)	{
+		fmt = fmt.replace("f", "S");
+        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(fmt);
+		return sdf.format(under.getTime());
+	}
+	public String XtoStr_tz()	{
+        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("Z");
+		String time_zone = sdf.format(under.getTime());
+		return String_.Mid(time_zone, 0, 3) + ":" + String_.Mid(time_zone, 3, String_.Len(time_zone));
+	}
+	public boolean Eq(DateAdp v)			{DateAdp comp = v; return Object_.Eq(under.getTimeInMillis(), comp.under.getTimeInMillis());}
+	public int Diff_days(DateAdp prev)		{
+		long diff = this.under.getTimeInMillis() - prev.under.getTimeInMillis();
+		return (int)(diff / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24));
+	}
+	public Time_span Diff(DateAdp earlier) {
+		long diff = this.under.getTimeInMillis() - earlier.under.getTimeInMillis();
+		return Time_span_.fracs_(diff);
+	}
+	protected DateAdp(Calendar under) {this.under = under;}
+	protected DateAdp(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int frac) {
+		this.under = new GregorianCalendar(year, month - Month_base0adj, day, hour, minute, second);
+		under.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, frac);
+	}
+	public static final int Month_base0adj = 1;
+	}

100_core/src/gplx/DateAdp_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import java.sql.Timestamp;
+import java.text.ParseException;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.TimeZone;
+import gplx.core.times.*;
+public class DateAdp_ implements Gfo_invk {
+	public static final String Cls_ref_name = "Date";
+	public static final    Class<?> Cls_ref_type = DateAdp.class;
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m) {
+		if		(ctx.Match(k, Invk_Now))		return Datetime_now.Get();
+		else									return Gfo_invk_.Rv_unhandled;			
+	}	public static final    String Invk_Now = "Now";
+	public static final    DateAdp MinValue		= new DateAdp(   1,  1,  1,  0,  0,  0,   0); 
+	public static final    DateAdp MaxValue		= new DateAdp(9999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999); 
+//		public static DateAdp Now() {return Tfds.Now_enabled() ? Tfds.Now() : new DateAdp(new GregorianCalendar());}
+	public static DateAdp new_(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int frac) {return new DateAdp(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, frac);}
+	public static DateAdp seg_(int[] ary) {
+		int ary_len = ary.length;
+		int y = ary_len > 0 ? ary[0] : 1;
+		int M = ary_len > 1 ? ary[1] : 1;
+		int d = ary_len > 2 ? ary[2] : 1;
+		int h = ary_len > 3 ? ary[3] : 0;
+		int m = ary_len > 4 ? ary[4] : 0;
+		int s = ary_len > 5 ? ary[5] : 0;
+		int f = ary_len > 6 ? ary[6] : 0;
+		return new DateAdp(y, M, d, h, m, s, f);
+	}
+	public static DateAdp cast(Object arg) {try {return (DateAdp)arg;} catch(Exception exc) {throw Err_.new_type_mismatch_w_exc(exc, DateAdp.class, arg);}}
+	public static DateAdp parse_iso8561_or(String raw, DateAdp or) {
+		try {return parse_iso8561(raw);}
+		catch (Exception e) {Err_.Noop(e); return or;}
+	}
+	public static DateAdp parse_iso8561(String raw) {	// NOTE: for now, same as parse_gplx
+		int[] ary = date_parser.Parse_iso8651_like(raw);
+		if (ary[1] < 1 || ary[1] > 12) return DateAdp_.MinValue;	// guard against invalid month
+		if (ary[2] < 1 || ary[2] > 31) return DateAdp_.MinValue;
+		return new DateAdp(ary[0], ary[1], ary[2], ary[3], ary[4], ary[5], ary[6]);
+	}
+	public static DateAdp parse_gplx(String raw)		{
+		int[] ary = date_parser.Parse_iso8651_like(raw);
+		if (ary[1] < 1 || ary[1] > 12) return DateAdp_.MinValue;	// guard against invalid month
+		if (ary[2] < 1 || ary[2] > 31) return DateAdp_.MinValue;
+		return new DateAdp(ary[0], ary[1], ary[2], ary[3], ary[4], ary[5], ary[6]);
+	}	static DateAdp_parser date_parser = DateAdp_parser.new_();
+	public static DateAdp dateTime_(GregorianCalendar v) {return new DateAdp(v);}
+	public static DateAdp dateTime_obj_(Object v) {return new DateAdp((GregorianCalendar)v);}
+	public static final    DateAdp_ Gfs = new DateAdp_();
+
+	public static int DaysInMonth(DateAdp date) {			
+		int rv = DaysInMonth_ary[date.Month() - Int_.Base1];
+		if (rv == 28 && IsLeapYear(date.Year())) rv = 29;
+		return rv;
+	}	static int [] DaysInMonth_ary = {31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
+	public static boolean IsLeapYear(int year) {
+		if		(year % 4   != 0)	return false;
+		else if (year % 400 == 0)	return true;
+		else if (year % 100 == 0)	return false;
+		else						return true;
+	}
+	public static DateAdp unixtime_utc_seconds_(long v) {return unixtime_utc_ms_(v * 1000);}
+	public static DateAdp parse_fmt_or(String raw, String fmt, DateAdp or) {
+		try {return parse_fmt(raw, fmt);}
+		catch (Exception e) {Err_.Noop(e); return or;}
+	}
+		public static DateAdp db_(Object v) {
+		Timestamp ts = (Timestamp)v;		
+		Calendar gc = Calendar.getInstance();
+		gc.setTimeInMillis(ts.getTime());
+		return new DateAdp(gc);
+	}
+	public static DateAdp parse_(String raw) {
+		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat();
+		Date d = null;
+		try 	{d = sdf.parse(raw);}
+		catch 	(ParseException e) {throw Err_.new_("parse", "failed to parse to DateAdp", "raw", raw);}
+		GregorianCalendar cal = (GregorianCalendar)Calendar.getInstance();
+		cal.setTime(d);
+		return dateTime_(cal);
+	}
+	public static DateAdp parse_fmt(String raw, String fmt) {
+		fmt = fmt.replace('t', 'a');	// AM/PM
+		fmt = fmt.replace('f', 'S');	// milliseconds
+		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(fmt, Locale.US);
+		Date d = null;
+		try 	{d = sdf.parse(raw);}
+		catch 	(ParseException e) {throw Err_.new_("parse", "failed to parse to DateAdp", "raw", raw, "fmt", fmt);}
+		GregorianCalendar cal = (GregorianCalendar)Calendar.getInstance();
+		cal.setTime(d);
+		return dateTime_(cal);
+	}
+	public static DateAdp unixtime_utc_ms_(long v) {return unixtime_lcl_ms_(v).XtoUtc();}
+	public static DateAdp unixtime_lcl_ms_(long v) {
+		GregorianCalendar c = new GregorianCalendar();
+		c.setTimeInMillis(v);
+		return new DateAdp(c);
+	}
+		public static final int SegIdx_year = 0, SegIdx_month = 1, SegIdx_day = 2, SegIdx_hour = 3, SegIdx_minute = 4, SegIdx_second = 5, SegIdx_frac = 6, SegIdx_dayOfWeek = 7, SegIdx_weekOfYear = 8, SegIdx_dayOfYear = 9, SegIdx__max = 10;
+	public static String Xto_str_fmt_or(DateAdp v, String fmt, String or) {
+		return v == null ? or : v.XtoStr_fmt(fmt);
+	}
+	public static final String 
+	  Fmt_iso8561_date_time = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
+	, Fmt__yyyyMMdd			= "yyyyMMdd";
+}

100_core/src/gplx/DateAdp__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*; import gplx.core.tests.*;
+public class DateAdp__tst {		
+	private final    DateAdp__fxt fxt = new DateAdp__fxt();
+	@Test  public void Parse_gplx() {
+		fxt.Test__parse_gplx("99991231_235959.999"	, "99991231_235959.999");
+		fxt.Test__parse_gplx("20090430_213200.123"	, "20090430_213200.123");
+		fxt.Test__parse_gplx("20090430_213200"		, "20090430_213200.000");
+		fxt.Test__parse_gplx("20090430"				, "20090430_000000.000");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Parse_separators() {
+		fxt.Test__parse_gplx("2009-04-30 21:32:00.123"	, "20090430_213200.123");
+		fxt.Test__parse_gplx("2009-04-30 21:32:00"		, "20090430_213200.000");
+		fxt.Test__parse_gplx("2009-04-30"				, "20090430_000000.000");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Parse_utc() {
+		fxt.Test__parse_gplx("2015-12-26T10:03:53Z"		, "20151226_100353.000");
+	}
+	@Test  public void DayOfWeek() {
+		fxt.Test__day_of_week("2012-01-18", 3);	//3=Wed
+	}
+	@Test  public void WeekOfYear() {
+		fxt.Test__week_of_year("2006-02-01", 5);	// 1-1:Sun;2-1:Wed
+		fxt.Test__week_of_year("2007-02-01", 5);	// 1-1:Mon;2-1:Thu
+		fxt.Test__week_of_year("2008-02-01", 5);	// 1-1:Tue;2-1:Fri
+		fxt.Test__week_of_year("2009-02-01", 6);	// 1-1:Thu;2-1:Sun
+		fxt.Test__week_of_year("2010-02-01", 6);	// 1-1:Fri;2-1:Mon
+		fxt.Test__week_of_year("2011-02-01", 6);	// 1-1:Sat;2-1:Tue
+	}
+	@Test  public void DayOfYear() {
+		fxt.Test__day_of_year("2012-01-01", 1);
+		fxt.Test__day_of_year("2012-02-29", 60);
+		fxt.Test__day_of_year("2012-12-31", 366);
+	}
+	@Test  public void Timestamp_unix() {
+		fxt.Test__timestamp_unix("1970-01-01 00:00:00", 0);
+		fxt.Test__timestamp_unix("2012-01-01 00:00:00", 1325376000);
+	}
+	@Test  public void DaysInMonth() {
+		fxt.Test__days_in_month("2012-01-01", 31);
+		fxt.Test__days_in_month("2012-02-01", 29);
+		fxt.Test__days_in_month("2012-04-01", 30);
+		fxt.Test__days_in_month("2011-02-01", 28);
+	}
+	@Test  public void XtoUtc() {
+		fxt.Test__to_utc("2012-01-01 00:00", "2012-01-01 05:00");	//4=Wed
+	}
+}
+class DateAdp__fxt {
+	public void Test__parse_gplx(String raw, String expd) {
+		Gftest.Eq__str(expd, DateAdp_.parse_gplx(raw).XtoStr_gplx());
+	}
+	public void Test__day_of_week(String raw, int expd) {
+		Gftest.Eq__int(expd, DateAdp_.parse_gplx(raw).DayOfWeek());
+	}
+	public void Test__week_of_year(String raw, int expd) {
+		Gftest.Eq__int(expd, DateAdp_.parse_gplx(raw).WeekOfYear());
+	}
+	public void Test__day_of_year(String raw, int expd) {
+		Gftest.Eq__int(expd, DateAdp_.parse_gplx(raw).DayOfYear());
+	}
+	public void Test__days_in_month(String raw, int expd) {
+		Gftest.Eq__int(expd, DateAdp_.DaysInMonth(DateAdp_.parse_gplx(raw)));
+	}
+	public void Test__timestamp_unix(String raw, long expd) {
+		Gftest.Eq__long(expd, DateAdp_.parse_gplx(raw).Timestamp_unix());
+	}
+	public void Test__to_utc(String raw, String expd) {
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, DateAdp_.parse_gplx(raw).XtoUtc().XtoStr_fmt_yyyy_MM_dd_HH_mm());
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Datetime_now.java

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+public class Datetime_now {
+	private static final    DateAdp dflt = DateAdp_.parse_gplx("2001-01-01 00:00:00.000");
+	private static DateAdp manual;
+	private static boolean autoincrement = true;
+	public static void Manual_y_() {
+		manual = dflt;
+	}
+	public static void Manual_n_() {
+		manual = null;
+		autoincrement = true;
+	}
+	public static void Manual_and_freeze_(DateAdp v) {
+		manual = v;
+		autoincrement = false;
+	}
+	public static void Manual_(DateAdp v) {
+		manual = v;
+	}
+	public static void Autoincrement_n_() {
+		autoincrement = false;
+	}
+	public static DateAdp Dflt_add_min_(int v) {
+		return dflt.Add_minute(v);
+	}
+
+	public static DateAdp Get() {
+		if (manual == null) return new DateAdp(new GregorianCalendar());
+		DateAdp rv = manual;
+		if (autoincrement) manual = rv.Add_minute(1);		// simulate passage of manual by increasing manual by 1 minute with each call
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static DateAdp Get_force() {	// ignore manual and force get of real time
+		return new DateAdp(new GregorianCalendar());
+	}
+//		private static final    DateAdp manual_time_dflt = DateAdp_.parse_gplx("2001-01-01 00:00:00.000");
+//		private static DateAdp manual_time;
+//		static boolean Now_enabled() {return now_enabled;} private static boolean now_enabled;
+//		static void Now_enabled_y_() {now_enabled = Bool_.Y; manual_time = manual_time_dflt;}
+//		static void Now_enabled_n_() {now_enabled = Bool_.N; now_freeze = false;}
+	// public static void Now_set(DateAdp date) {now_enabled = true; manual_time = date;}
+	// public static void Now_freeze_y_() {now_freeze = true;} 
+//		private static boolean now_freeze;
+	// public static DateAdp Now_time0_add_min(int minutes) {return manual_time_dflt.Add_minute(minutes);}
+//		@gplx.Internal protected static DateAdp Now() {
+//			DateAdp rv = manual_time;
+//			if (!now_freeze) manual_time = rv.Add_minute(1);
+//			return rv;
+//		}
+
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Decimal_adp.java

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.MathContext;
+import java.math.RoundingMode;
+import java.text.DecimalFormat;
+public class Decimal_adp implements CompareAble {
+	public int compareTo(Object obj) {Decimal_adp comp = (Decimal_adp)obj; return under.compareTo(comp.under);}
+		protected Decimal_adp(BigDecimal v) {this.under = v;} private final BigDecimal under;
+	protected Decimal_adp(int v) {this.under = new BigDecimal(v);}
+	public Object Under() 								{return under;}
+	public BigDecimal Under_as_native() 				{return under;}
+	public int Precision() 								{return under.precision();}
+	public int Frac_1000() 								{return  (int)(under.movePointRight(3).floatValue() % 1000);}
+	public boolean Eq(Decimal_adp v) 					{return v.under.doubleValue() == under.doubleValue();}
+	public boolean Eq(int v) 							{return under.doubleValue() == v;}
+	public String To_str() {
+		BigDecimal tmp = under;
+		int tmp_scale = tmp.scale();
+		if 	(tmp_scale <= -14) return tmp.toString();	// NOTE: if large number, call .toString which will return exponential notaion (1E##) instead of literal (1000....); 14 matches MW code; DATE:2015-04-10
+		if 	(tmp_scale > 14)
+			tmp = tmp.setScale(14, RoundingMode.DOWN);	// NOTE: if small number, round down to remove excessive zeroes; 14 matches PHP/C# values more closely; RoundingMode.Down for same reason; see E, Pi tests
+		return tmp	.stripTrailingZeros()				// NOTE: stripTrailingZeros for exp tests; EX: 120.0 -> 120; 0.01200000000000 -> .012 
+					.toPlainString();					// NOTE: toPlainString b/c stripTrailingZeros now converts 120 to 1.2E+2 (and any other value that is a multiple of 10)
+	}
+	public String To_str(String fmt) 					{
+		return new DecimalFormat(fmt).format(under);
+	}
+	@Override public String toString() 					{return under.toString();}
+	public int To_int() 								{return (int)under.doubleValue();}
+	public long To_long() 								{return (long)under.doubleValue();}
+	public long To_long_mult_1000() 					{return under.movePointRight(3).longValue();}
+	public double To_double() 							{return under.doubleValue();}
+	public Decimal_adp Add(Decimal_adp v) 				{return new Decimal_adp(under.add(v.under, Decimal_adp_.Gplx_rounding_context));}
+	public Decimal_adp Subtract(Decimal_adp v) 			{return new Decimal_adp(under.subtract(v.under, Decimal_adp_.Gplx_rounding_context));}
+	public Decimal_adp Multiply(Decimal_adp v)			{return new Decimal_adp(under.multiply(v.under));}
+	public Decimal_adp Multiply(double v) 				{return new Decimal_adp(under.multiply(new BigDecimal(v, Decimal_adp_.Gplx_rounding_context)));}
+	public Decimal_adp Multiply(long v)					{return new Decimal_adp(under.multiply(new BigDecimal(v)));}
+	public Decimal_adp Divide(Decimal_adp v)			{return new Decimal_adp(under.divide(v.under, Decimal_adp_.Gplx_rounding_context));}
+	public Decimal_adp Mod(Decimal_adp v)				{return new Decimal_adp(under.remainder(v.under, Decimal_adp_.Gplx_rounding_context));}
+	public Decimal_adp Abs()							{return new Decimal_adp(under.abs(Decimal_adp_.Gplx_rounding_context));}
+	public Decimal_adp Pow(int v)						{return new Decimal_adp(under.pow(v, Decimal_adp_.Gplx_rounding_context));}
+	public Decimal_adp Sqrt()							{return new Decimal_adp(new BigDecimal(Math_.Sqrt(under.doubleValue())));}
+	public Decimal_adp Truncate() 						{return new Decimal_adp(under.intValue());}
+	public Decimal_adp Round_old(int v) 				{return new Decimal_adp(under.setScale(v, RoundingMode.HALF_UP));}
+	public Decimal_adp Round(int v) {
+		BigDecimal new_val = null;
+		if (v > 0) {
+			new_val = under.setScale(v, RoundingMode.HALF_UP);
+		}
+		else {
+			int actl_places = under.precision() - under.scale();
+			int reqd_places = -v;
+			if (reqd_places < actl_places)
+				new_val = under.round(new java.math.MathContext(actl_places - reqd_places, RoundingMode.HALF_UP));
+			else if (reqd_places == actl_places) {
+				int base_10 = (int)Math_.Pow(10, reqd_places - 1);
+				if (under.intValue() / base_10 < 5) 
+					new_val = BigDecimal.ZERO;
+				else
+					new_val = new BigDecimal(Math_.Pow(10, reqd_places));
+			}
+			else
+				new_val = BigDecimal.ZERO;
+		} 
+		return new Decimal_adp(new_val);
+	}
+	public boolean Comp_gte(Decimal_adp v) 				{return under.doubleValue() >= v.under.doubleValue();}
+	public boolean Comp_gte(int v) 						{return under.doubleValue() >= v;}
+	public boolean Comp_lte(Decimal_adp v) 				{return under.doubleValue() <= v.under.doubleValue();}
+	public boolean Comp_lte(int v) 						{return under.doubleValue() <= v;}
+	public boolean Comp_gt(Decimal_adp v) 				{return under.doubleValue() > v.under.doubleValue();}
+	public boolean Comp_gt(int v) 						{return under.doubleValue() > v;}
+	public boolean Comp_lt(Decimal_adp v)			 	{return under.doubleValue() < v.under.doubleValue();}
+	public boolean Comp_lt(int v) 						{return under.doubleValue() < v;}
+	}

100_core/src/gplx/Decimal_adp_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.MathContext;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
+import java.text.NumberFormat;
+import java.text.ParseException;
+import java.util.Locale;
+public class Decimal_adp_ {
+	public static final String Cls_val_name = "decimal";
+	public static final    Class<?> Cls_ref_type = Decimal_adp.class;
+	public static Decimal_adp as_(Object obj) {return obj instanceof Decimal_adp ? (Decimal_adp)obj : null;}
+	public static final    Decimal_adp Zero = new Decimal_adp(0);
+	public static final    Decimal_adp One = new Decimal_adp(1);
+	public static final    Decimal_adp Neg1 = new Decimal_adp(-1);
+	public static final    Decimal_adp Const_e = Decimal_adp_.double_(Math_.E);
+	public static final    Decimal_adp Const_pi = Decimal_adp_.double_(Math_.Pi);
+	public static Decimal_adp base1000_(long v) {return divide_(v, 1000);}
+	public static Decimal_adp parts_1000_(long num, int frc) {return divide_((num * (1000)) + frc, 1000);}
+	public static Decimal_adp parts_(long num, int frc) {
+		//			int log10 = frc == 0 ? 0 : (Math_.Log10(frc) + 1);
+		//			int pow10 = (int)Math_.Pow(10, log10);
+		int pow10 = XtoPow10(frc);
+		return divide_((num * (pow10)) + frc, pow10);
+	}
+	public static Decimal_adp cast(Object obj) {return (Decimal_adp)obj;}
+	static int XtoPow10(int v) {
+		if		(v >		-1 && v <            10) return 10;
+		else if (v >		 9 && v <           100) return 100;
+		else if (v >		99 && v <          1000) return 1000;
+		else if (v >	   999 && v <         10000) return 10000;
+		else if (v >	  9999 && v <        100000) return 100000;
+		else if (v >	 99999 && v <       1000000) return 1000000;
+		else if (v >	999999 && v <      10000000) return 10000000;
+		else if (v >   9999999 && v <     100000000) return 100000000;
+		else if (v >  99999999 && v <    1000000000) return 1000000000;
+		else throw Err_.new_wo_type("value must be between 0 and 1 billion", "v", v);
+	}
+	public static String CalcPctStr(long dividend, long divisor, String fmt) {
+		if (divisor == 0) return "%ERR";
+		return Decimal_adp_.float_(Float_.Div(dividend, divisor) * 100).To_str(fmt) + "%";
+	}
+	public static Decimal_adp divide_safe_(long lhs, long rhs) {return rhs == 0 ? Zero : divide_(lhs, rhs);}
+		public static Decimal_adp divide_(long lhs, long rhs) {
		return new Decimal_adp(new BigDecimal(lhs).divide(new BigDecimal(rhs), Gplx_rounding_context));
	}
	public static Decimal_adp int_(int v) {return new Decimal_adp(new BigDecimal(v));}
	public static Decimal_adp long_(long v) {return new Decimal_adp(new BigDecimal(v));}
+	public static Decimal_adp float_(float v) {return new Decimal_adp(new BigDecimal(v));}
	public static Decimal_adp double_(double v) {return new Decimal_adp(new BigDecimal(v));}
+	public static Decimal_adp double_thru_str_(double v) {return new Decimal_adp(BigDecimal.valueOf(v));}
+	public static Decimal_adp db_(Object v) {return new Decimal_adp((BigDecimal)v);}
	public static Decimal_adp parse(String raw) {
+		try {
+	        DecimalFormat nf = (DecimalFormat)NumberFormat.getInstance(Locale.US);	// always parse as US format; EX:".9" should not be ",9" in german; DATE:2016-01-31
+	        nf.setParseBigDecimal(true);
+	        BigDecimal bd = (BigDecimal)nf.parse(raw);
+			return new Decimal_adp(bd);
+		} catch (ParseException e) {
+			throw Err_.new_("Decimal_adp_", "parse to decimal failed", "raw", raw);
+		}
+	}
	public static Decimal_adp pow_10_(int v) {return new Decimal_adp(new BigDecimal(1).scaleByPowerOfTen(v));}
+	public static final MathContext RoundDownContext = new MathContext(0, RoundingMode.DOWN);
	public static final MathContext Gplx_rounding_context = new MathContext(14, RoundingMode.HALF_UP);	// changed from 28 to 14; DATE:2015-07-31
	}

100_core/src/gplx/Decimal_adp__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Decimal_adp__tst {
+	private final Decimal_adp__fxt fxt = new Decimal_adp__fxt();
+	@Test  public void divide_() {
+		fxt.Test_divide(1, 1000, "0.001");
+		fxt.Test_divide(1, 3, "0.33333333333333");	
+		fxt.Test_divide(1, 7, "0.14285714285714");	
+	}
+	@Test  public void base1000_() {
+		fxt.Test_base_1000(1000, "1");
+		fxt.Test_base_1000(1234, "1.234");
+		fxt.Test_base_1000(123, "0.123");
+	}
+	@Test  public void parts_() {
+		fxt.Test_parts(1, 0, "1");
+		fxt.Test_parts(1, 2, "1.2");
+		fxt.Test_parts(1, 23, "1.23");
+		fxt.Test_parts(123, 4567, "123.4567");
+	}
+	@Test  public void parse() {
+		fxt.Test_parse("1", "1");
+		fxt.Test_parse("1.2", "1.2");
+		fxt.Test_parse("0.1", "0.1");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Truncate_decimal() {
+		fxt.Test_truncate_decimal("1", "1");
+		fxt.Test_truncate_decimal("1.1", "1");
+		fxt.Test_truncate_decimal("1.9", "1");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Fraction1000() {
+		fxt.Test_frac_1000(1, 1000, 1);			// 0.001
+		fxt.Test_frac_1000(1, 3, 333);			// 0.33333333
+		fxt.Test_frac_1000(1234, 1000, 234);		// 1.234
+		fxt.Test_frac_1000(12345, 10000, 234);	// 1.2345
+	}
+	@Test  public void Lt() {
+		fxt.Test_comp_lt(1,123, 2, true);
+		fxt.Test_comp_lt(1,99999999, 2, true);
+	}
+	@Test  public void To_str_fmt() {
+		fxt.Test_to_str_fmt(1, 2, "0.0", "0.5");
+		fxt.Test_to_str_fmt(1, 3, "0.0", "0.3");
+		fxt.Test_to_str_fmt(10000, 7, "0,000.000", "1,428.571");
+		fxt.Test_to_str_fmt(1, 2, "00.00", "00.50");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Round() {
+		fxt.Test_round("123.456",  3, "123.456");
+		fxt.Test_round("123.456",  2, "123.46");
+		fxt.Test_round("123.456",  1, "123.5");
+		fxt.Test_round("123.456",  0, "123");
+		fxt.Test_round("123.456", -1, "120");
+		fxt.Test_round("123.456", -2, "100");
+		fxt.Test_round("123.456", -3, "0");
+
+		fxt.Test_round("6", -1, "10");
+		fxt.Test_round("5", -1, "10");
+		fxt.Test_round("6", -2, "0");
+	}
+}
+class Decimal_adp__fxt {
+	public void Test_divide(int lhs, int rhs, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Decimal_adp_.divide_(lhs, rhs).To_str());}
+	public void Test_base_1000(int val, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Decimal_adp_.base1000_(val).To_str());}
+	public void Test_parts(int num, int fracs, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Decimal_adp_.parts_(num, fracs).To_str());}
+	public void Test_parse(String raw, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Decimal_adp_.parse(raw).To_str());}
+	public void Test_truncate_decimal(String raw, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(Decimal_adp_.parse(expd).To_str(), Decimal_adp_.parse(raw).Truncate().To_str());}
+	public void Test_frac_1000(int lhs, int rhs, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Decimal_adp_.divide_(lhs, rhs).Frac_1000());}
+	public void Test_comp_lt(int lhsNum, int lhsFrc, int rhs, boolean expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Decimal_adp_.parts_(lhsNum, lhsFrc).Comp_lt(rhs));}
+	public void Test_to_str_fmt(int l, int r, String fmt, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Decimal_adp_.divide_(l, r).To_str(fmt));}
+	public void Test_round(String raw, int places, String expd) {Tfds.Eq_str(expd, Decimal_adp_.parse(raw).Round(places).To_str(), "round");}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Double_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Double_ {
+	public static final String Cls_val_name = "double";
+	public static final    Class<?> Cls_ref_type = Double.class; 
+	public static final double
+	  MinValue		= Double.MIN_VALUE			
+	, NaN			= Double.NaN				
+	, Inf_pos		= Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY	
+	;
+	public static final    byte[]
+	  NaN_bry		= Bry_.new_a7("NaN")
+	, Inf_pos_bry	= Bry_.new_a7("INF")
+	;
+	public static boolean IsNaN(double v) {return Double.isNaN(v);}	
+	public static double cast(Object o)						{try {return (Double)o;} catch(Exception e) {throw Err_.new_type_mismatch_w_exc(e, double.class, o);}}
+	public static double parse(String raw)					{try {return Double.parseDouble(raw);} catch(Exception e) {throw Err_.new_parse_exc(e, double.class, raw);}}
+	public static double parse_or(String raw, double v)		{try {return Double.parseDouble(raw);} catch(Exception e) {Err_.Noop(e); return v;}}
+	public static double coerce_(Object v) {
+		try {String s = String_.as_(v); return s == null ? Double_.cast(v) : Double_.parse(s);}
+		catch (Exception e) {throw Err_.new_cast(e, double.class, v);}
+	}
+	public static String To_str(double v) {
+				int v_int = (int)v;
+		return v - v_int == 0 ? Int_.To_str(v_int) : Double.toString(v);
+			}
+	public static String To_str_loose(double v) {
+		int v_as_int = (int)v;			
+		return v == v_as_int
+			? Int_.To_str(v_as_int)		// convert to int, and call print String to eliminate any trailing decimal places
+			: Float_.To_str((float)v);	// calling ((float)v).toString is better at removing trailing 0s than String.format("%g", v). note that .net .toString() handles it better; EX:2449.600000000000d; DATE:2014-07-29
+	}
+	public static int Compare(double lhs, double rhs) {
+		if		(lhs == rhs) 	return CompareAble_.Same;
+		else if (lhs < rhs)		return CompareAble_.Less;
+		else 					return CompareAble_.More;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Double__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Double__tst {
+	private Double__fxt fxt = new Double__fxt();
+	@Test  public void Xto_str_loose() {			
+		fxt.Test_Xto_str_loose(2449.6000000d		, "2449.6");
+		fxt.Test_Xto_str_loose(623.700d				, "623.7");
+	}
+}
+class Double__fxt {
+	public void Test_Xto_str_loose(double v, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Double_.To_str_loose(v));}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Enm_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Enm_ {
+	public static int		To_int(Object enm) {return Ordinal_lang(enm);}
+	private static int		Ordinal_lang(Object v) {return ((Enum)v).ordinal();}	
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Err.java

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.errs.*;
+public class Err extends RuntimeException {
+	private final    boolean is_gplx;
+	private final    String trace;
+	private Err_msg[] msgs_ary = new Err_msg[8]; private int msgs_len = 8, msgs_idx = 0;
+
+	public Err(boolean is_gplx, String trace, String type, String msg, Object... args) {
+		this.is_gplx = is_gplx;
+
+		// NOTE: Err_ factory methods pass in null stack trace for gplx excs; call Stack_trace here, note that trace will not show constructor
+		this.trace = is_gplx ? Err_.Trace_lang(this) : trace;
+		Msgs_add(type, msg, args);
+	}
+
+	// marks messages logged so they can be ignored; used by Gfh_utl
+	public boolean Logged() {return logged;} public Err Logged_y_() {logged = true; return this;} private boolean logged;
+
+	// ignores current frame for reporting messages
+	public int Trace_ignore() {return trace_ignore;} public Err Trace_ignore_add_1_() {++trace_ignore; return this;} private int trace_ignore = 0;
+
+	public Err Args_add(Object... args) {msgs_ary[msgs_idx - 1].Args_add(args); return this;}	// i - 1 to get current
+
+	public String To_str__full()	{return To_str(Bool_.N, Bool_.Y);}
+	public String To_str__log()		{return To_str(Bool_.Y, Bool_.Y);}
+	public String To_str__msg_only(){
+		return msgs_idx == 0 ? "<<MISSING ERROR MESSAGE>>" : msgs_ary[0].To_str_wo_type();	// take 1st message only
+	}
+	public String To_str__top_wo_args() {
+		return msgs_idx == 0 ? "<<MISSING ERROR MESSAGE>>" : msgs_ary[0].To_str_wo_args();
+	}
+	private String To_str(boolean called_by_log, boolean include_trace) {
+		String nl_str = called_by_log ? "\t" : "\n";
+		String rv = "";
+		for (int i = 0; i < msgs_idx; ++i) {
+			rv += "[err " + Int_.To_str(i) + "] " + String_.Replace(msgs_ary[i].To_str(), "\n", nl_str) + nl_str;
+		}
+		if (include_trace)
+			rv += "[trace]:" + Trace_to_str(is_gplx, called_by_log, trace_ignore, trace == null ? Err_.Trace_lang(this) : trace);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	@Override public String getMessage() {return To_str__msg_only();}
+	public static String Trace_to_str(boolean is_gplx, boolean called_by_log, int ignore_lines, String trace) {
+		if (trace == null) return "";	// WORKAROUND:.NET: StackTrace is only available when error is thrown; can't do "Console.Write(new Exception().StackTrace);
+		String[] lines = String_.Split_lang(trace, '\n'); int lines_len = lines.length; 
+		int line_bgn = 0;
+		if (is_gplx) {	// remove Err_.new_wo_type lines from trace for gplx exceptions
+			for (int i = 0; i < lines_len; ++i) {
+				String line = lines[i];
+				if (String_.Has_at_bgn(line, "gplx.Err_.new")) continue;	// ignore trace frames with "gplx.Err_.new"; EX: throw Err_.new_unimplemented
+				line_bgn = i + ignore_lines;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		// concat lines
+		String rv = ""; 
+		String line_bgn_dlm = called_by_log ? "\t  " : "\n  ";	// "\n  " indents
+		for (int i = line_bgn; i < lines_len; ++i)
+			rv += line_bgn_dlm + lines[i];
+		return rv;
+	}
+
+	@gplx.Internal protected void Msgs_add(String type, String msg, Object[] args) {
+		if (msgs_idx == msgs_len) {
+			int new_len = msgs_len * 2;
+			Err_msg[] new_ary = new Err_msg[new_len];
+			Array_.Copy_to(msgs_ary, new_ary, 0);
+			this.msgs_ary = new_ary;
+			this.msgs_len = new_len;
+		}
+		msgs_ary[msgs_idx] = new Err_msg(type, msg, args);
+		++msgs_idx;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Err_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Err_ {
+	private static String Type__gplx = "gplx", Trace_null = null;
+	public static void Noop(Exception e) {}
+	public static Err New(String msg, Object... args)							{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, "", String_.Format(msg, args));}
+
+	public static Err new_(String type, String msg, Object... args)			{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, type, msg, args);}
+	public static Err new_wo_type(String msg, Object... args)					{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, msg, args);}
+	public static Err new_exc(Exception e, String type, String msg, Object... args) {
+		Err rv = Cast_or_make(e);
+		rv.Msgs_add(type, msg, args);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static Err new_unhandled(Object val)										{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "val is not in switch/if", "val", val);}
+	public static Err new_unhandled_default(Object val)								{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "val is not in switch", "val", val);}
+	public static Err new_unsupported()												{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "method not supported");}
+	public static Err new_unimplemented()											{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "method not implemented");}
+	public static Err new_unimplemented_w_msg(String msg, Object... args)		{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, msg, args);}
+
+	public static Err new_deprecated(String s)										{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "deprecated", "method", s);}
+	public static Err new_parse_type(Class<?> c, String raw)						{return new_parse(Type_.Canonical_name(c), raw);}
+	public static Err new_parse_exc(Exception e, Class<?> c, String raw)	{return new_parse(Type_.Canonical_name(c), raw).Args_add("e", Err_.Message_lang(e));}
+	public static Err new_parse(String type, String raw)							{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "parse failed", "type", type, "raw", raw);}
+	public static Err new_null()													{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "null obj");}
+	public static Err new_null(String arg)											{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "null obj", "arg", arg);}
+	public static Err new_missing_idx(int idx, int len)								{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "index is out of bounds", "idx", idx, "len", len);}
+	public static Err new_missing_key(String key)									{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "key not found", "key", key);}
+	public static Err new_invalid_op(String msg)									{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, msg);}
+	public static Err new_invalid_arg(String msg, Object... args)				{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, msg, args);}
+	public static Err new_op_canceled()												{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__op_canceled, "canceled by usr");}
+	public static Err new_type_mismatch_w_exc(Exception ignore, Class<?> t, Object o) {return new_type_mismatch(t, o);}
+	public static Err new_type_mismatch(Class<?> t, Object o)					{return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "type mismatch", "expdType", Type_.Canonical_name(t), "actlType", Type_.Name_by_obj(o), "actlObj", Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null_mark(o));}
+	public static Err new_cast(Exception ignore, Class<?> t, Object o) {
+		String o_str = "";
+		try							{o_str = Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null_mark(o);}
+		catch (Exception e)	{o_str = "<ERROR>"; Err_.Noop(e);}
+		return new Err(Bool_.Y, Trace_null, Type__gplx, "cast failed", "type", Type_.Name(t), "obj", o_str);
+	}
+
+	public static String Message_gplx_full(Exception e)	{return Cast_or_make(e).To_str__full();}
+	public static String Message_gplx_log(Exception e)	{return Cast_or_make(e).To_str__log();}
+
+		public static String Message_lang(Throwable e) {
+		return Error.class.isAssignableFrom(e.getClass())
+			? e.toString()    // error has null for "getMessage()" return "toString()" instead
+			: e.getMessage();
+	}
+			public static String Trace_lang(Throwable e) 	{return Trace_lang_exec(e.getStackTrace());}
+	private static String Trace_lang_exec(StackTraceElement[] ary) {
+		String rv = "";
+		int len = ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+			if (i != 0) rv += "\n";
+			rv += ary[i].toString();
+		}
+		return rv;
+	}
+	
+	public static Err Cast_or_null(Exception e) {return Type_.Eq_by_obj(e, Err.class) ? (Err)e : null;}
+	public static Err Cast_or_make(Throwable e) {return Type_.Eq_by_obj(e, Err.class) ? (Err)e : new Err(Bool_.N, Err_.Trace_lang(e), Type_.Name_by_obj(e), Err_.Message_lang(e));}
+	public static final    String Type__op_canceled = "gplx.op_canceled";
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Err_tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Err_tst {
+	private final Err_fxt fxt = new Err_fxt();
+	@Test  public void Trace_to_str__gplx() {
+		fxt.Test_Trace_to_str(Bool_.Y, Bool_.N, 0, String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last
+		( "gplx.Err_.new_wo_type(Err_.java:1)"			// ignore this line
+		, "gplx.String_.Len(String_.java:2)"
+		), String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last
+		( ""
+		, "  gplx.String_.Len(String_.java:2)"
+		));
+	}
+	@Test  public void Trace_to_str__gplx_ignore() {
+		fxt.Test_Trace_to_str(Bool_.Y, Bool_.N, 1, String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last
+		( "gplx.Err_.new_wo_type(Err_.java:1)"				// ignore this line
+		, "gplx.String_.Fail(String_.java:2)"		// ignore this line also
+		, "gplx.String_.Len(String_.java:3)"
+		), String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last
+		( ""
+		, "  gplx.String_.Len(String_.java:3)"
+		));
+	}
+}
+class Err_fxt {
+	public void Test_Trace_to_str(boolean is_gplx, boolean called_by_log, int ignore_lines, String trace, String expd) {
+		String actl = Err.Trace_to_str(is_gplx, called_by_log, ignore_lines, trace);
+		Tfds.Eq_str_lines(expd, actl);
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Float_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Float_ {
+	public static final String Cls_val_name = "float";
+	public static final Class<?> Cls_ref_type = Float.class;
+	public static final float NaN = Float.NaN;;					
+	public static boolean IsNaN(float v) {return Float.isNaN(v);}		
+	public static float cast(Object obj)	{try {return (Float)obj;} catch(Exception exc) {throw Err_.new_type_mismatch_w_exc(exc, float.class, obj);}}
+	public static float parse(String raw)	{try {return Float.parseFloat(raw);} catch(Exception exc) {throw Err_.new_parse_exc(exc, float.class, raw);}} 
+	public static int Compare(float lhs, float rhs) {
+		if		( lhs == rhs)	return CompareAble_.Same;
+		else if ( lhs <  rhs)	return CompareAble_.Less;
+		else	/*lhs >  rhs*/	return CompareAble_.More;
+	}
+	public static String To_str(float v) {
+				int v_int = (int)v;
+		return v - v_int == 0 ? Int_.To_str(v_int) : Float.toString(v);
+			}
+	public static float Div(int val, int divisor) {return (float)val / (float)divisor;}
+	public static float Div(long val, long divisor) {return (float)val / (float)divisor;}
+	public static int RoundUp(float val) {
+		int rv = (int)val;
+		return (rv == val) ? rv : rv + 1;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/GfoMsg.java

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.interfaces.*;
+public interface GfoMsg {
+	String	Key();
+	GfoMsg	CloneNew();
+	String	To_str();
+	GfoMsg	Clear();
+	GfoMsg  Parse_(boolean v);
+
+	int		Args_count();
+	Keyval	Args_getAt(int i);
+	GfoMsg	Args_ovr(String k, Object v);
+	void	Args_reset();
+	GfoMsg	Add(String k, Object v);
+	int		Subs_count();
+	GfoMsg	Subs_getAt(int i);
+	GfoMsg	Subs_add(GfoMsg m);
+	GfoMsg	Subs_(GfoMsg... ary);
+
+	boolean	ReadBool(String k);
+	boolean	ReadBoolOr(String k, boolean or);
+	boolean	ReadBoolOrFalse(String k);
+	boolean	ReadBoolOrTrue(String k);
+	int		ReadInt(String k);
+	int		ReadIntOr(String k, int or);
+	long	ReadLong(String k);
+	long	ReadLongOr(String k, long or);
+	float	ReadFloat(String k);
+	float	ReadFloatOr(String k, float or);
+	double	ReadDouble(String k);
+	double	ReadDoubleOr(String k, double or);
+	DateAdp	ReadDate(String k);
+	DateAdp	ReadDateOr(String k, DateAdp or);
+	Decimal_adp ReadDecimal(String k);
+	Decimal_adp ReadDecimalOr(String k, Decimal_adp or);
+	String	ReadStr(String k);
+	String	ReadStrOr(String k, String or);
+	Io_url	ReadIoUrl(String k);
+	Io_url	ReadIoUrlOr(String k, Io_url url);
+	boolean	ReadYn(String k);
+	boolean	ReadYn_toggle(String k, boolean cur);
+	boolean	ReadYnOrY(String k);
+	byte	ReadByte(String k);
+	byte[]	ReadBry(String k);
+	byte[]	ReadBryOr(String k, byte[] or);
+	Object	ReadObj(String k);
+	Object	ReadObj(String k, ParseAble parseAble);
+	Object	ReadObjOr(String k, ParseAble parseAble, Object or);
+	String[]ReadStrAry(String k, String spr);
+	String[]ReadStrAryIgnore(String k, String spr, String ignore);
+	byte[][]ReadBryAry(String k, byte spr);
+	Object  ReadValAt(int i);
+	Object	CastObj(String k);
+	Object	CastObjOr(String k, Object or);
+}

100_core/src/gplx/GfoMsgUtl.java

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class GfoMsgUtl {
+	public static int SetInt(GfsCtx ctx, GfoMsg m, int cur)						{return ctx.Deny() ? cur : m.ReadIntOr("v", cur);}
+	public static boolean SetBool(GfsCtx ctx, GfoMsg m, boolean cur)					{return ctx.Deny() ? cur : m.ReadBoolOr("v", cur);}
+	public static String SetStr(GfsCtx ctx, GfoMsg m, String cur)				{return ctx.Deny() ? cur : m.ReadStrOr("v", cur);}
+	public static Io_url SetIoUrl(GfsCtx ctx, GfoMsg m, Io_url cur)				{return ctx.Deny() ? cur : m.ReadIoUrlOr("v", cur);}
+	public static Decimal_adp SetDecimal(GfsCtx ctx, GfoMsg m, Decimal_adp cur)	{return ctx.Deny() ? cur : m.ReadDecimalOr("v", cur);}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/GfoMsg_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.primitives.*; import gplx.core.strings.*; import gplx.core.brys.*; import gplx.core.interfaces.*;
+public class GfoMsg_ {
+	public static GfoMsg as_(Object obj) {return obj instanceof GfoMsg ? (GfoMsg)obj : null;}
+	public static final    GfoMsg Null = new GfoMsg_base().ctor_("<<NULL MSG>>", false);
+	public static GfoMsg new_parse_(String key)	{return new GfoMsg_base().ctor_(key, true);}
+	public static GfoMsg new_cast_(String key)	{return new GfoMsg_base().ctor_(key, false);}
+	public static GfoMsg srl_(GfoMsg owner, String key)	{
+		GfoMsg rv = new_parse_(key);
+		owner.Subs_add(rv);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static GfoMsg root_(String... ary) {return root_leafArgs_(ary);}
+	public static GfoMsg root_leafArgs_(String[] ary, Keyval... kvAry) {
+		int len = Array_.Len(ary); if (len == 0) throw Err_.new_invalid_arg("== 0", "@len", len);
+		GfoMsg root = new GfoMsg_base().ctor_(ary[0], false);
+		GfoMsg owner = root;
+		for (int i = 1; i < len; i++) {
+			String key = ary[i];
+			GfoMsg cur = new GfoMsg_base().ctor_(key, false);
+			owner.Subs_add(cur);
+			owner = cur;
+		}
+		for (int i = 0; i < kvAry.length; i++) {
+			Keyval kv = kvAry[i];
+			owner.Add(kv.Key(), kv.Val());
+		}
+		return root;
+	}
+	public static GfoMsg chain_(GfoMsg owner, String key) {
+		GfoMsg sub = owner;
+		List_adp list = List_adp_.New();
+		list.Add(sub.Key());
+		while (sub != null) {
+			if (sub.Subs_count() == 0) break;
+			sub = (GfoMsg)sub.Subs_getAt(0);
+			list.Add(sub.Key());
+		}
+		list.Add(key);
+
+		GfoMsg root = GfoMsg_.new_parse_((String)list.Get_at(0));
+		GfoMsg cur = root;
+		for (int i = 1; i < list.Count(); i++) {
+			String k = (String)list.Get_at(i);
+			GfoMsg mm = GfoMsg_.new_parse_(k);
+			cur.Subs_add(mm);
+			cur = mm;
+		}
+		return root;
+	}
+	public static GfoMsg wtr_() {return new GfoMsg_wtr().ctor_("", false);}
+	public static GfoMsg rdr_(String cmd) {return new GfoMsg_rdr().ctor_(cmd, false);}
+	public static GfoMsg basic_(String cmd, Object... vals) {
+		GfoMsg rv = new_cast_(cmd);
+		int len = vals.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
+			rv.Add("", vals[i]);
+		return rv;
+	}
+}
+class GfoMsg_wtr extends GfoMsg_base {
+	@Override protected Object ReadOr(String k, Object defaultOr) {
+		if (args == null) args = List_adp_.New();
+		args.Add(Keyval_.new_(k, null));
+		return defaultOr;
+	}
+}
+class GfoMsg_rdr extends GfoMsg_base {
+	@Override protected Object ReadOr(String k, Object defaultOr) {
+		if (args == null) args = List_adp_.New();
+		args.Add(Keyval_.new_(k, defaultOr));
+		return defaultOr;
+	}
+}
+class GfoMsg_base implements GfoMsg {
+	public String Key() {return key;} private String key; 
+	public int Subs_count() {return subs == null ? 0 : subs.Count();}
+	public GfoMsg Subs_getAt(int i) {return subs == null ? null : (GfoMsg)subs.Get_at(i);}
+	public GfoMsg Subs_add(GfoMsg m) {if (subs == null) subs = List_adp_.New(); subs.Add(m); return this;}
+	public GfoMsg Subs_(GfoMsg... ary) {for (GfoMsg m : ary) Subs_add(m); return this;}
+	public int Args_count() {return args == null ? 0 : args.Count();}
+	public void Args_reset() {
+		counter = 0;
+		Args_reset(this);
+	}
+	public GfoMsg Clear() {
+		this.Args_reset();
+		if (subs != null) subs.Clear();
+		if (args != null) args.Clear();
+		return this;
+	}
+	static void Args_reset(GfoMsg owner) {
+		int len = owner.Subs_count();
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+			GfoMsg sub = owner.Subs_getAt(i);
+			sub.Args_reset();
+		}
+	}
+	public Keyval Args_getAt(int i) {return args == null ? null : (Keyval)args.Get_at(i);}
+	public GfoMsg Args_ovr(String k, Object v) {
+		if (args == null) args = List_adp_.New();
+		for (int i = 0; i < args.Count(); i++) {
+			Keyval kv = (Keyval)args.Get_at(i);
+			if (String_.Eq(k, kv.Key())) {
+				kv.Val_(v);
+				return this;
+			}
+		}
+		args.Add(Keyval_.new_(k, v));
+		return this;
+	}
+	public GfoMsg Parse_(boolean v) {parse = v; return this;}
+	public GfoMsg	Add(String k, Object v) {
+		if (args == null) args = List_adp_.New();
+		args.Add(Keyval_.new_(k, v));
+		return this;
+	}
+	public boolean		ReadBool(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k,false); if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? Yn.parse_or((String)rv, false) : Bool_.Cast(rv);}
+	public int		ReadInt(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k, 0)	; if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? Int_.Parse((String)rv) : Int_.Cast(rv);}
+	public byte		ReadByte(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k, 0)	; if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? Byte_.Parse((String)rv) : Byte_.Cast(rv);}
+	public long		ReadLong(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k, 0)	; if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? Long_.parse((String)rv) : Long_.cast(rv);}
+	public float	ReadFloat(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k, 0)	; if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? Float_.parse((String)rv) : Float_.cast(rv);}
+	public double	ReadDouble(String k)					{Object rv = ReadOr(k, 0)	; if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? Double_.parse((String)rv) : Double_.cast(rv);}
+	public Decimal_adp ReadDecimal(String k)					{Object rv = ReadOr(k, 0)	; if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? Decimal_adp_.parse((String)rv) : Decimal_adp_.cast(rv);}
+	public String	ReadStr(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k, null); if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return (String)rv;}
+	public DateAdp	ReadDate(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k, null); if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? DateAdp_.parse_gplx((String)rv) : DateAdp_.cast(rv);}
+	public Io_url	ReadIoUrl(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k, null); if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? Io_url_.new_any_((String)rv) : Io_url_.cast(rv);}
+	public Object	CastObj(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k, null); if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return rv;}
+	public boolean		ReadBoolOr(String k, boolean or)			{Object rv = ReadOr(k, or)	; if (rv == Nil) return or		; return parse ? Yn.parse_or((String)rv, or) : Bool_.Cast(rv);}
+	public int		ReadIntOr(String k, int or)				{Object rv = ReadOr(k, or)	; if (rv == Nil) return or		; return parse ? Int_.Parse((String)rv) : Int_.Cast(rv);}
+	public long		ReadLongOr(String k, long or)			{Object rv = ReadOr(k, or)	; if (rv == Nil) return or		; return parse ? Long_.parse((String)rv) : Long_.cast(rv);}
+	public float	ReadFloatOr(String k, float or)			{Object rv = ReadOr(k, or)	; if (rv == Nil) return or		; return parse ? Float_.parse((String)rv) : Float_.cast(rv);}
+	public double	ReadDoubleOr(String k,double or)		{Object rv = ReadOr(k, or)	; if (rv == Nil) return or		; return parse ? Double_.parse((String)rv) : Double_.cast(rv);}
+	public Decimal_adp ReadDecimalOr(String k,Decimal_adp or)	{Object rv = ReadOr(k, or); if (rv == Nil) return or	; return parse ? Decimal_adp_.parse((String)rv) : Decimal_adp_.cast(rv);}
+	public String	ReadStrOr(String k, String or)			{Object rv = ReadOr(k, or)	; if (rv == Nil) return or		; return (String)rv;}
+	public DateAdp	ReadDateOr(String k, DateAdp or)		{Object rv = ReadOr(k, or)	; if (rv == Nil) return or		; return parse ? DateAdp_.parse_gplx((String)rv) : DateAdp_.cast(rv);}
+	public Io_url	ReadIoUrlOr(String k, Io_url or)		{Object rv = ReadOr(k, or)	; if (rv == Nil) return or		; return parse ? Io_url_.new_any_((String)rv) : Io_url_.cast(rv);}
+	public boolean		ReadBoolOrFalse(String k)				{Object rv = ReadOr(k,false); if (rv == Nil) return false	; return parse ? Yn.parse_or((String)rv, false) : Bool_.Cast(rv);}
+	public boolean		ReadBoolOrTrue(String k)				{Object rv = ReadOr(k, true); if (rv == Nil) return true	; return parse ? Yn.parse_or((String)rv, true) : Bool_.Cast(rv);}
+	public boolean		ReadYnOrY(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k, true); if (rv == Nil) return true	; return parse ? Yn.parse_or((String)rv, true) : Bool_.Cast(rv);}
+	public boolean		ReadYn(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k,false); if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? Yn.parse_or((String)rv, false) : Yn.coerce_(rv);}
+	public boolean		ReadYn_toggle(String k, boolean cur) {
+		Object rv = ReadOr(k, "!");
+		if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k);
+		if (!parse) throw Err_.new_wo_type("only parse supported");
+		String rv_str = (String)rv;
+		return (String_.Eq(rv_str, "!")) ? !cur : Yn.parse(rv_str);
+	}
+	public byte[]	ReadBry(String k)						{Object rv = ReadOr(k,false); if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? Bry_.new_u8((String)rv) : (byte[])rv;}
+	public byte[]	ReadBryOr(String k, byte[] or)			{Object rv = ReadOr(k, or); if (rv == Nil) return or; return parse ? Bry_.new_u8((String)rv) : (byte[])rv;}
+	public Object	CastObjOr(String k, Object or)	{Object rv = ReadOr(k, or)	; if (rv == Nil) return or		; return rv;}
+	public Object	ReadObj(String k)									{Object rv = ReadOr(k, null); if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return rv;}
+	public Object	ReadObj(String k, ParseAble parseAble)				{Object rv = ReadOr(k, null); if (rv == Nil) ThrowNotFound(k); return parse ? parseAble.ParseAsObj((String)rv) : rv;}
+	public Object	ReadObjOr(String k, ParseAble parseAble, Object or) {Object rv = ReadOr(k, or)	; if (rv == Nil) return or		; return parse ? parseAble.ParseAsObj((String)rv) : rv;}
+	public String[]	ReadStrAry(String k, String spr)		{return String_.Split(ReadStr(k), spr);}
+	public byte[][] ReadBryAry(String k, byte spr)			{return Bry_split_.Split(ReadBry(k), spr);}
+	public String[] ReadStrAryIgnore(String k, String spr, String ignore) {return String_.Split(String_.Replace(ReadStr(k), ignore, ""), spr);}
+	public Object   ReadValAt(int i) {return Args_getAt(i).Val();}
+	@gplx.Virtual protected Object ReadOr(String k, Object defaultOr) {
+		if (args == null) return Nil; // WORKAROUND.gfui: args null for DataBndr_whenEvt_execCmd
+		if (!String_.Eq(k, "")) {
+			for (int i = 0; i < args.Count(); i++) {
+				Keyval kv = (Keyval)args.Get_at(i);
+				if (String_.Eq(k, kv.Key())) return kv.Val();
+			}
+		}
+		if (counter >= args.Count()) return Nil;
+		for (int i = 0; i < args.Count(); i++) {
+			Keyval kv = (Keyval)args.Get_at(i);
+			if (String_.Eq(kv.Key(), "") && i >= counter) {
+				counter++;
+				return kv.Val();
+			}
+		}
+		return Nil;
+	}	int counter = 0;
+	void ThrowNotFound(String k) {throw Err_.new_wo_type("arg not found in msg", "k", k, "counter", counter, "args", args);}
+	String ArgsXtoStr() {
+		if (this.Args_count() == 0) return "<<EMPTY>>";
+		String_bldr sb = String_bldr_.new_();
+		for (int i = 0; i < this.Args_count(); i++) {
+			Keyval rv = (Keyval)this.Args_getAt(i);
+			sb.Add_fmt("{0};", rv.Key());
+		}
+		return sb.To_str();
+	}
+	public GfoMsg CloneNew() {
+		GfoMsg_base rv = new GfoMsg_base().ctor_(key, parse);
+		if (args != null) {
+			rv.args = List_adp_.New();
+			for (int i = 0; i < args.Count(); i++)
+				rv.args.Add(args.Get_at(i));
+		}
+		if (subs != null) {
+			rv.subs = List_adp_.New();
+			for (int i = 0; i < args.Count(); i++) {
+				GfoMsg sub = (GfoMsg)args.Get_at(i);
+				rv.subs.Add(sub.CloneNew());	// NOTE: recursion
+			}
+		}
+		return rv;
+	}
+
+	protected List_adp args;
+	List_adp subs;
+	public String To_str() {
+		String_bldr sb = String_bldr_.new_();
+		To_str(sb, new XtoStrWkr_gplx(), this);
+		return sb.To_str_and_clear();
+	}
+	void To_str(String_bldr sb, XtoStrWkr wkr, GfoMsg m) {
+		sb.Add(m.Key());
+		if (m.Subs_count() == 0) {
+			sb.Add(":");
+			boolean first = true;
+			for (int i = 0; i < m.Args_count(); i++) {
+				Keyval kv = m.Args_getAt(i);
+				if (kv.Val() == null) continue;
+				if (!first) sb.Add(" ");
+				sb.Add(kv.Key());
+				sb.Add("='");
+				sb.Add(wkr.To_str(kv.Val()));
+				sb.Add("'");
+				first = false;
+			}
+			sb.Add(";");
+		}
+		else {
+			sb.Add(".");
+			To_str(sb, wkr, m.Subs_getAt(0));
+		}
+	}
+
+	public GfoMsg_base ctor_(String key, boolean parse)  {this.key = key; this.parse = parse; return this;} private boolean parse;
+	@gplx.Internal protected GfoMsg_base(){}
+	static final    String_obj_val Nil = String_obj_val.new_("<<NOT FOUND>>");
+}
+interface XtoStrWkr {
+	String To_str(Object o);
+}
+class XtoStrWkr_gplx implements XtoStrWkr {
+	public String To_str(Object o) {
+		if (o == null) return "<<NULL>>";
+		Class<?> type = Type_.Type_by_obj(o);
+		String rv = null;
+		if		(Type_.Eq(type, String_.Cls_ref_type))      rv = String_.cast(o);
+		else if (Type_.Eq(type, Int_.Cls_ref_type))         return Int_.To_str(Int_.Cast(o));
+		else if (Type_.Eq(type, Bool_.Cls_ref_type))        return Yn.To_str(Bool_.Cast(o));
+		else if (Type_.Eq(type, DateAdp_.Cls_ref_type))     return DateAdp_.cast(o).XtoStr_gplx();
+		else                                                rv = Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_empty(o);
+		return String_.Replace(rv, "'", "''");
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/GfoMsg_tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*; import gplx.langs.gfs.*;
+public class GfoMsg_tst {
+	@Before public void setup() {
+		GfsCore.Instance.AddObj(new Mok(), "Mok");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Write1() {
+		GfoMsg m = GfoMsg_.root_leafArgs_(String_.Ary("a", "b"), Keyval_.new_("int0", 1));
+		tst_Msg(m, "a.b:int0='1';");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Write() {
+		Mok mok = new Mok();
+		tst_Msg(Gfo_invk_to_str.WriteMsg(mok, Mok.Invk_Cmd0, true, 1, "a"), "Mok.Cmd0:bool0='y' int0='1' str0='a';");
+		mok.Int0 = 2;
+		mok.Bool0 = true;
+		mok.Str0 = "b";
+		tst_Msg(Gfo_invk_to_str.ReadMsg(mok, Mok.Invk_Cmd0), "Mok.Cmd0:bool0='y' int0='2' str0='b';");
+	}
+	void tst_Msg(GfoMsg m, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, m.To_str());}
+	class Mok implements Gfo_invk {
+		public boolean Bool0;
+		public int Int0;
+		public String Str0;
+		public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m) {
+			if	(ctx.Match(k, Invk_Cmd0)) {
+				Bool0 = m.ReadBoolOr("bool0", Bool0);
+				Int0 = m.ReadIntOr("int0", Int0);
+				Str0 = m.ReadStrOr("str0", Str0);
+				if (ctx.Deny()) return this;
+			}
+			return this;
+		}	public static final    String Invk_Cmd0 = "Cmd0";
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/GfoTemplate.java

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface GfoTemplate {
+	Object NewCopy(GfoTemplate template);
+}

100_core/src/gplx/GfoTemplateFactory.java

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class GfoTemplateFactory implements Gfo_invk {
+	public void Reg(String key, GfoTemplate template) {hash.Add(key, template);}
+	public Object Make(String key) {
+		GfoTemplate template = (GfoTemplate)hash.Get_by(key);
+		return template.NewCopy(template);
+	}
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m) {
+		ctx.Match(k, k);
+		Object o = hash.Get_by(k);
+		return o == null ? Gfo_invk_.Rv_unhandled : o;
+	}
+        public static final    GfoTemplateFactory Instance = new GfoTemplateFactory(); GfoTemplateFactory() {}
+	Hash_adp hash = Hash_adp_.New();
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_evt_itm.java

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface Gfo_evt_itm extends Gfo_invk, Gfo_evt_mgr_owner {}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_evt_mgr.java

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.lists.*;
+public class Gfo_evt_mgr {
+	private final    Gfo_evt_mgr_owner sender; private Ordered_hash subsRegy, pubsRegy;
+	public Gfo_evt_mgr(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner sender) {this.sender = sender;}
+	@gplx.Internal protected void AddSub(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub, String pubEvt, Gfo_evt_itm sub, String subPrc) {
+		GfoEvLnk lnk = new GfoEvLnk(pub, pubEvt, sub, subPrc);
+		if (subsRegy == null) subsRegy = Ordered_hash_.New();
+		AddInList(subsRegy, pubEvt, lnk);
+		sub.Evt_mgr().AddPub(pubEvt, lnk);
+	}
+	@gplx.Internal protected void Lnk(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub) {
+		if (pub.Evt_mgr().lnks == null) pub.Evt_mgr().lnks = List_adp_.New();
+		pub.Evt_mgr().lnks.Add(this);
+	}	List_adp lnks;
+	void AddInList(Ordered_hash regy, String key, GfoEvLnk lnk) {
+		GfoEvLnkList list = (GfoEvLnkList)regy.Get_by(key);
+		if (list == null) {
+			list = new GfoEvLnkList(key);
+			regy.Add(key, list);
+		}
+		list.Add(lnk);
+	}
+	@gplx.Internal protected void AddPub(String pubEvt, GfoEvLnk lnk) {
+		if (pubsRegy == null) pubsRegy = Ordered_hash_.New();
+		AddInList(pubsRegy, pubEvt, lnk);
+	}
+	@gplx.Internal protected void Pub(GfsCtx ctx, String evt, GfoMsg m) {
+		ctx.MsgSrc_(sender);
+		GfoEvLnkList subs = subsRegy == null ? null : (GfoEvLnkList)subsRegy.Get_by(evt);
+		if (subs != null) {
+			for (int i = 0; i < subs.Count(); i++) {
+				GfoEvLnk lnk = (GfoEvLnk)subs.Get_at(i);
+				lnk.Sub().Invk(ctx, 0, lnk.SubPrc(), m);	// NOTE: itm.Key() needed for Subscribe_diff()
+			}
+		}
+		if (lnks != null) {
+			for (int i = 0; i < lnks.Count(); i++) {
+				Gfo_evt_mgr lnk = (Gfo_evt_mgr)lnks.Get_at(i);
+				lnk.Pub(ctx, evt, m);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	@gplx.Internal protected void RlsSub(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner eobj) {
+		RlsRegyObj(pubsRegy, eobj, true);
+		RlsRegyObj(subsRegy, eobj, false);
+	}
+	@gplx.Internal protected void RlsPub(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner eobj) {
+		RlsRegyObj(pubsRegy, eobj, true);
+		RlsRegyObj(subsRegy, eobj, false);
+	}
+	@gplx.Internal protected void RlsRegyObj(Ordered_hash regy, Gfo_evt_mgr_owner eobj, boolean pub) {
+		if (regy == null) return;
+		List_adp delList = List_adp_.New();
+		for (int i = 0; i < regy.Count(); i++) {
+			GfoEvLnkList pubsList = (GfoEvLnkList)regy.Get_at(i);
+			delList.Clear();
+			for (int j = 0; j < pubsList.Count(); j++) {
+				GfoEvLnk lnk = (GfoEvLnk)pubsList.Get_at(j);
+				if (lnk.End(!pub) == eobj) delList.Add(lnk);
+			}
+			for (int j = 0; j < delList.Count(); j++) {
+				GfoEvLnk del = (GfoEvLnk)delList.Get_at(j);
+				del.End(pub).Evt_mgr().RlsLnk(!pub, pubsList.Key(), del.End(!pub));
+				pubsList.Del(del);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	@gplx.Internal protected void RlsLnk(boolean pubEnd, String key, Gfo_evt_mgr_owner endObj) {
+		Ordered_hash regy = pubEnd ? pubsRegy : subsRegy;
+		GfoEvLnkList list = (GfoEvLnkList)regy.Get_by(key);
+		List_adp delList = List_adp_.New();
+		for (int i = 0; i < list.Count(); i++) {
+			GfoEvLnk lnk = (GfoEvLnk)list.Get_at(i);
+			if (lnk.End(pubEnd) == endObj) delList.Add(lnk);
+		}
+		for (int i = 0; i < delList.Count(); i++) {
+			GfoEvLnk lnk = (GfoEvLnk)delList.Get_at(i);
+			list.Del(lnk);
+		}
+		delList.Clear();
+	}
+}
+class GfoEvLnkList {
+	public String Key() {return key;} private String key;
+	public int Count() {return list.Count();}
+	public void Add(GfoEvLnk lnk) {list.Add(lnk);}
+	public void Del(GfoEvLnk lnk) {list.Del(lnk);}
+	public GfoEvLnk Get_at(int i) {return (GfoEvLnk)list.Get_at(i);}
+	public GfoEvLnkList(String key) {this.key = key;}
+	List_adp list = List_adp_.New();
+}
+class GfoEvLnk {
+	public Gfo_evt_mgr_owner Pub() {return pub;} Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub;
+	public String PubEvt() {return pubEvt;} private String pubEvt;
+	public Gfo_evt_itm Sub() {return sub;} Gfo_evt_itm sub;
+	public String SubPrc() {return subPrc;} private String subPrc;
+	public Gfo_evt_mgr_owner End(boolean pubEnd) {return pubEnd ? pub : sub;}
+	public GfoEvLnk(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub, String pubEvt, Gfo_evt_itm sub, String subPrc) {this.pub = pub; this.pubEvt = pubEvt; this.sub = sub; this.subPrc = subPrc;}
+}
+class GfoEvItm {
+	public String Key() {return key;} private String key;
+	public Gfo_invk InvkAble() {return invkAble;} Gfo_invk invkAble;
+	public static GfoEvItm new_(Gfo_invk invkAble, String key) {
+		GfoEvItm rv = new GfoEvItm();
+		rv.invkAble = invkAble; rv.key = key;
+		return rv;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_evt_mgr_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Gfo_evt_mgr_ {
+	public static void Sub(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub, String pubEvt, Gfo_evt_itm sub, String subEvt) {pub.Evt_mgr().AddSub(pub, pubEvt, sub, subEvt);}
+	public static void Sub_same(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub, String evt, Gfo_evt_itm sub) {pub.Evt_mgr().AddSub(pub, evt, sub, evt);}
+	public static void Sub_same_many(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub, Gfo_evt_itm sub, String... evts) {
+		int len = evts.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+			String evt = evts[i];
+			pub.Evt_mgr().AddSub(pub, evt, sub, evt);
+		}
+	}
+	public static void Pub(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub, String pubEvt) {pub.Evt_mgr().Pub(GfsCtx.new_(), pubEvt, GfoMsg_.new_cast_(pubEvt));}
+	public static void Pub_obj(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub, String pubEvt, String key, Object v) {pub.Evt_mgr().Pub(GfsCtx.new_(), pubEvt, msg_(pubEvt, Keyval_.new_(key, v)));}
+	public static void Pub_val(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub, String pubEvt, Object v) {pub.Evt_mgr().Pub(GfsCtx.new_(), pubEvt, msg_(pubEvt, Keyval_.new_("v", v)));}
+	public static void Pub_vals(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub, String pubEvt, Keyval... ary) {pub.Evt_mgr().Pub(GfsCtx.new_(), pubEvt, msg_(pubEvt, ary));}
+	public static void Pub_msg(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub, GfsCtx ctx, String pubEvt, GfoMsg m) {pub.Evt_mgr().Pub(ctx, pubEvt, m);}
+	public static void Lnk(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub, Gfo_evt_mgr_owner sub) {sub.Evt_mgr().Lnk(pub);}
+	public static void Rls_pub(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner pub) {pub.Evt_mgr().RlsPub(pub);}
+	public static void Rls_sub(Gfo_evt_mgr_owner sub) {sub.Evt_mgr().RlsSub(sub);}
+	static GfoMsg msg_(String evt, Keyval... kvAry) {
+		GfoMsg m = GfoMsg_.new_cast_(evt);
+		for (int i = 0; i < kvAry.length; i++) {
+			Keyval kv = kvAry[i];
+			m.Add(kv.Key(), kv.Val());
+		}
+		return m;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_evt_mgr_owner.java

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface Gfo_evt_mgr_owner {
+	Gfo_evt_mgr Evt_mgr();
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_evt_mgr_tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Gfo_evt_mgr_tst {
+	@Before public void setup() {
+		pub = make_(); sub = make_();
+	}	MockEvObj pub, sub;
+	@Test  public void Basic() {
+		Gfo_evt_mgr_.Sub_same(pub, "ev1", sub);
+		Gfo_evt_mgr_.Pub_val(pub, "ev1", "val1");			
+		sub.tst_Handled("val1");
+	}
+	@Test  public void None() {// make sure no subscribers does not cause exception
+		Gfo_evt_mgr_.Sub_same(pub, "ev1", sub);
+		Gfo_evt_mgr_.Pub_val(pub, "ev2", "val1");	//ev2 does not exist
+		sub.tst_Handled();
+	}
+	@Test  public void Lnk() {
+		MockEvObj mid = make_();
+		mid.Evt_mgr().Lnk(pub);
+		Gfo_evt_mgr_.Sub_same(mid, "ev1", sub);
+		Gfo_evt_mgr_.Pub_val(pub, "ev1", "val1");
+		sub.tst_Handled("val1");
+	}
+	@Test  public void RlsSub() {
+		this.Basic();
+
+		Gfo_evt_mgr_.Rls_sub(sub);
+		Gfo_evt_mgr_.Pub_val(pub, "ev1", "val1");
+		sub.tst_Handled();
+	}
+	@Test  public void RlsPub() {
+		this.Basic();
+
+		Gfo_evt_mgr_.Rls_sub(pub);
+		Gfo_evt_mgr_.Pub_val(pub, "ev1", "val1");
+		sub.tst_Handled();
+	}
+	MockEvObj make_() {return new MockEvObj();}
+}
+class MockEvObj implements Gfo_evt_itm {
+	public Gfo_evt_mgr Evt_mgr() {return eventMgr;} Gfo_evt_mgr eventMgr;
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m) {
+		handled.Add(m.ReadStr("v"));
+		return this;
+	}
+	List_adp handled = List_adp_.New();
+	public void tst_Handled(String... expd) {
+		Tfds.Eq_ary_str(expd, handled.To_str_ary());
+		handled.Clear();
+	}
+	public MockEvObj(){eventMgr = new Gfo_evt_mgr(this);}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_invk.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface Gfo_invk {
+	Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m);
+}
+/*
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m) {
+		if		(ctx.Match(k, Invk__set)) {}
+		else	return Gfo_invk_.Rv_unhandled;
+		return this;
+	}	private static final String Invk__set = "set";
+*/

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_invk_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.primitives.*;
+public class Gfo_invk_ {
+	public static final String Mutator_suffix = "_";
+	public static final    Gfo_invk Noop = new Gfo_invk__noop();
+	public static final    String_obj_val 
+	  Rv_unhandled	= String_obj_val.new_("Unhandled")
+	, Rv_handled	= String_obj_val.new_("Handled")
+	, Rv_host		= String_obj_val.new_("Host")
+	, Rv_cancel		= String_obj_val.new_("Cancel")
+	, Rv_error		= String_obj_val.new_("Error");
+
+	public static Gfo_invk as_(Object obj) {return obj instanceof Gfo_invk ? (Gfo_invk)obj : null;}
+
+	public static Object Invk_no_key(Gfo_invk invk)						{return Invk_by_msg(invk, "", GfoMsg_.Null);}
+	public static Object Invk_by_key(Gfo_invk invk, String k)			{return Invk_by_msg(invk, k	, GfoMsg_.Null);}
+	public static Object Invk_by_val(Gfo_invk invk, String k, Object v)	{return Invk_by_msg(invk, k	, GfoMsg_.new_cast_(k).Add("v", v));}
+	public static Object Invk_by_msg(Gfo_invk invk, String k, GfoMsg m)	{
+		Object rv = invk.Invk(GfsCtx.Instance, 0, k, m);
+		if (rv == Gfo_invk_.Rv_unhandled) throw Err_.new_wo_type("invkable did not handle message", "key", k);
+		return rv;
+	}
+}
+class Gfo_invk__noop implements Gfo_invk {
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m) {return this;}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_invk_cmd.java

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Gfo_invk_cmd {
+	private final    Gfo_invk itm; private final    String cmd; private final    GfoMsg msg;		
+	public Gfo_invk_cmd(Gfo_invk itm, String cmd, GfoMsg msg) {
+		this.itm = itm; this.cmd = cmd; this.msg = msg;
+	}
+	public Object Exec()								{return itm.Invk(GfsCtx.Instance, 0, cmd, msg);}
+	public Object Exec_by_ctx(GfsCtx ctx, GfoMsg msg)	{return itm.Invk(ctx, 0, cmd, msg);}
+
+	public static final    Gfo_invk_cmd Noop = new Gfo_invk_cmd(Gfo_invk_.Noop, "", GfoMsg_.Null);
+        public static Gfo_invk_cmd New_by_key(Gfo_invk itm, String cmd) {return New_by_val(itm, cmd, null);}
+        public static Gfo_invk_cmd New_by_val(Gfo_invk itm, String cmd, Object val) {
+		return new Gfo_invk_cmd(itm, cmd, (val == null) ? GfoMsg_.Null : GfoMsg_.new_parse_(cmd).Add("v", val));
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr.java

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.primitives.*;
+public class Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr {
+	public Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr Add_cmd_many(Gfo_invk invk, String... keys) {
+		for (String key : keys)
+			list.Add(GfoInvkCmdItm.new_(key, invk));
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr Add_cmd(String key, Gfo_invk invk) {
+		list.Add(GfoInvkCmdItm.new_(key, invk));
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr Add_mgr(String key, Gfo_invk invk) {
+		list.Add(GfoInvkCmdItm.new_(key, invk).Type_isMgr_(true));
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr Add_xtn(Gfo_invk xtn) {
+		list.Add(GfoInvkCmdItm.new_("xtn", xtn).Type_isXtn_(true));
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m, Object host) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < list.Count(); i++) {
+			GfoInvkCmdItm itm = (GfoInvkCmdItm)list.Get_at(i);
+			if (itm.Type_isXtn()) {
+				Object invkVal = itm.Invk().Invk(ctx, ikey, k, m);
+				if (invkVal != Gfo_invk_.Rv_unhandled) return invkVal;
+			}
+			if (!ctx.Match(k, itm.Key())) continue;
+			if (itm.Type_isMgr()) return itm.Invk();
+			Object rv = null;
+			m.Add("host", host);
+			rv = itm.Invk().Invk(ctx, ikey, k, m);
+			return rv == Gfo_invk_.Rv_host ? host : rv;	// if returning "this" return host
+		}
+		return Unhandled;
+	}
+	public static final    String_obj_val Unhandled = String_obj_val.new_("Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr Unhandled");
+	List_adp list = List_adp_.New();
+        public static Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr new_() {return new Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr();} Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr() {}
+}
+class GfoInvkCmdItm {
+	public String Key() {return key;} private String key;
+	public Gfo_invk Invk() {return invk;} Gfo_invk invk;
+	public boolean Type_isMgr() {return type_isMgr;} public GfoInvkCmdItm Type_isMgr_(boolean v) {type_isMgr = v; return this;} private boolean type_isMgr;
+	public boolean Type_isXtn() {return type_isXtn;} public GfoInvkCmdItm Type_isXtn_(boolean v) {type_isXtn = v; return this;} private boolean type_isXtn;
+        public static GfoInvkCmdItm new_(String key, Gfo_invk invk) {
+		GfoInvkCmdItm rv = new GfoInvkCmdItm();
+		rv.key = key; rv.invk = invk;
+		return rv;
+	}	GfoInvkCmdItm() {}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr_owner.java

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr_owner {
+	Gfo_invk_cmd_mgr InvkMgr();
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_invk_root_wkr.java

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface Gfo_invk_root_wkr {
+	Object Run_str_for(Gfo_invk invk, GfoMsg msg);
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_invk_to_str.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.langs.gfs.*;
+public class Gfo_invk_to_str {
+	public static GfoMsg ReadMsg(Gfo_invk invk, String k) {
+		GfsCtx ctx = GfsCtx.wtr_();
+		GfoMsg m = GfoMsg_.rdr_(k);
+		invk.Invk(ctx, 0, k, m);
+		String invkKey = GfsCore.Instance.FetchKey(invk);
+		GfoMsg root = GfoMsg_.new_cast_(invkKey);
+		root.Subs_add(m);
+		return root;
+	}
+	public static GfoMsg WriteMsg(Gfo_invk invk, String k, Object... ary) {return WriteMsg(GfsCore.Instance.FetchKey(invk), invk, k, ary);}
+	public static GfoMsg WriteMsg(String invkKey, Gfo_invk invk, String k, Object... ary) {
+		GfsCtx ctx = GfsCtx.wtr_();
+		GfoMsg m = GfoMsg_.wtr_();
+		invk.Invk(ctx, 0, k, m);
+		GfoMsg rv = GfoMsg_.new_cast_(k);
+		for (int i = 0; i < m.Args_count(); i++) {
+			Keyval kv = m.Args_getAt(i);
+			rv.Add(kv.Key(), ary[i]);
+		}
+		GfoMsg root = GfoMsg_.new_cast_(invkKey);
+		root.Subs_add(rv);
+		return root;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_log.java

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface Gfo_log {
+	List_adp	Itms();
+	Gfo_log		Itms_(List_adp v);
+	void		Warn(String msg, Object... args);
+	void		Note(String msg, Object... args);
+	void		Info(String msg, Object... args);
+	void		Prog(String msg, Object... args);
+	void		Flush();
+}	

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_log_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.logs.*;
+public class Gfo_log_ {
+	public static Gfo_log Instance = new Gfo_log__mem();
+	public static Gfo_log Instance__set(Gfo_log v) {
+		v.Itms_(Instance.Itms());
+		Instance = v;			
+		return v;
+	}
+	public static final String File__fmt = "yyyyMMdd_HHmmss", File__ext = ".log";
+	public static Io_url New_url(Io_url dir) {
+		return dir.GenSubFil(Datetime_now.Get().XtoUtc().XtoStr_fmt(Gfo_log_.File__fmt) + Gfo_log_.File__ext);
+	}
+	public static Gfo_log New_file(Io_url dir) {
+		Io_url url = dir.GenSubFil(Datetime_now.Get().XtoStr_fmt(File__fmt) + File__ext);
+		Gfo_log__file.Delete_old_files(dir, Gfo_log_.Instance);
+		return new Gfo_log__file(url, new Gfo_log_itm_wtr__csv());
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_log_bfr.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Gfo_log_bfr {
+	private Bry_bfr bfr = Bry_bfr_.Reset(255);
+	public Gfo_log_bfr Add(String s) {
+		bfr.Add_str_a7(Datetime_now.Get().XtoUtc().XtoStr_fmt_yyyyMMdd_HHmmss_fff());
+		bfr.Add_byte_space();
+		bfr.Add_str_u8(s);
+		bfr.Add_byte_nl();
+		return this;
+	}
+	public String Xto_str() {return bfr.To_str_and_clear();}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_usr_dlg.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface Gfo_usr_dlg extends Cancelable {
+	void				Canceled_y_(); void Canceled_n_();
+	Gfo_usr_dlg__log	Log_wkr(); void Log_wkr_(Gfo_usr_dlg__log v);
+	Gfo_usr_dlg__gui	Gui_wkr(); void Gui_wkr_(Gfo_usr_dlg__gui v);
+	String				Log_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args);
+	String				Warn_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args);
+	Err					Fail_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args);
+	String				Prog_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args);
+	String				Prog_none(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt);
+	String				Note_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args);
+	String				Note_none(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt);
+	String				Note_gui_none(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt);
+	String				Prog_one(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object arg);
+	String				Prog_direct(String msg);
+	String				Log_direct(String msg);
+	String				Plog_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args);
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_usr_dlg_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Gfo_usr_dlg_ {
+	private static Gfo_usr_dlg_base test__list, test__show;
+	public static Gfo_usr_dlg			Instance	= Gfo_usr_dlg_noop.Instance;	// NOTE: global instance which can be reassigned
+        public static final    Gfo_usr_dlg	Noop		= Gfo_usr_dlg_noop.Instance;
+	public static Gfo_usr_dlg__gui Test__list__init() {
+		if (test__list == null)
+			test__list = new Gfo_usr_dlg_base(Gfo_usr_dlg__log_.Noop, Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_.Test);
+		Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_.Test.Clear();
+		Instance = test__list;
+		return Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_.Test;
+	}
+	public static String Test__list__term__get_1st() {
+		Instance = Noop;
+		String[] rv = ((Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_test)test__list.Gui_wkr()).Warns().To_str_ary_and_clear();
+		return rv.length == 0 ? "" : rv[0];
+	}
+	public static void Test__show__init() {
+		if (test__show == null)
+			test__show = new Gfo_usr_dlg_base(Gfo_usr_dlg__log_.Noop, Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_.Console);
+		Instance = test__show;
+	}
+	public static void Test__show__term() {
+		Instance = Noop;
+	}
+	public static Gfo_usr_dlg Test() {
+		if (test__list == null)
+			test__list = new Gfo_usr_dlg_base(Gfo_usr_dlg__log_.Noop, Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_.Test);
+		return test__list;
+	}
+	public static Gfo_usr_dlg Test_console() {
+		if (test_console == null)
+			test_console = new Gfo_usr_dlg_base(Gfo_usr_dlg__log_.Noop, Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_.Console);
+		return test_console;
+	}	private static Gfo_usr_dlg_base test_console;
+}
+class Gfo_usr_dlg_noop implements Gfo_usr_dlg {
+	public boolean Canceled() {return false;} public void Canceled_y_() {} public void Canceled_n_() {}
+	public void Cancel() {}
+	public void Clear() {}
+	public Gfo_usr_dlg__log Log_wkr() {return Gfo_usr_dlg__log_.Noop;} public void Log_wkr_(Gfo_usr_dlg__log v) {}
+	public Gfo_usr_dlg__gui Gui_wkr() {return Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_.Noop;} public void Gui_wkr_(Gfo_usr_dlg__gui v) {}
+	public String Log_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args) {return "";}
+	public String Warn_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args) {return "";}
+	public Err Fail_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args) {return Err_.new_wo_type(fmt);}
+	public String Prog_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args) {return "";}
+	public String Prog_none(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt) {return "";}
+	public String Note_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args) {return "";}
+	public String Note_none(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt) {return "";}
+	public String Note_gui_none(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt) {return "";}
+	public String Prog_one(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object arg) {return "";}
+	public String Prog_direct(String msg) {return "";}
+	public String Log_direct(String msg) {return "";}
+	public String Plog_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args) {return "";}
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m) {return this;}
+        public static final    Gfo_usr_dlg_noop Instance = new Gfo_usr_dlg_noop(); Gfo_usr_dlg_noop() {}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_usr_dlg__gui.java

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.lists.rings.*;
+public interface Gfo_usr_dlg__gui {
+	void Clear();
+	Ring__string Prog_msgs();
+	void Write_prog(String text);
+	void Write_note(String text);
+	void Write_warn(String text);
+	void Write_stop(String text);
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.consoles.*; import gplx.core.lists.rings.*;
+public class Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_ {
+	public static final    Gfo_usr_dlg__gui Noop		= new Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_noop();
+	public static final    Gfo_usr_dlg__gui Console		= new Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_console();
+	public static final    Gfo_usr_dlg__gui Test		= new Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_test();
+	public static final    Gfo_usr_dlg__gui Mem			= new Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_mem_string();
+	public static String Mem_file() {return ((Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_mem_string)Mem).file;}
+}
+class Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_noop implements Gfo_usr_dlg__gui {
+	public void Clear() {}
+	public Ring__string Prog_msgs() {return ring;} Ring__string ring = new Ring__string().Max_(0);
+	public void Write_prog(String text) {}
+	public void Write_note(String text) {}
+	public void Write_warn(String text) {}
+	public void Write_stop(String text) {}
+}
+class Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_console implements Gfo_usr_dlg__gui {
+	private final    Console_adp__sys console = Console_adp__sys.Instance;
+	public void Clear() {}
+	public Ring__string Prog_msgs() {return ring;} private final    Ring__string ring = new Ring__string().Max_(0);
+	public void Write_prog(String text) {console.Write_tmp(text);}
+	public void Write_note(String text) {console.Write_str_w_nl(text);}
+	public void Write_warn(String text) {console.Write_str_w_nl(text);}
+	public void Write_stop(String text) {console.Write_str_w_nl(text);}
+}
+class Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_mem_string implements Gfo_usr_dlg__gui {
+	public String file = "";
+	public void Clear() {file = "";}
+	public Ring__string Prog_msgs() {return ring;} private final    Ring__string ring = new Ring__string().Max_(0);
+	public void Write_prog(String text) {file += text + "\n";}
+	public void Write_note(String text) {file += text + "\n";}
+	public void Write_warn(String text) {file += text + "\n";}
+	public void Write_stop(String text) {file += text + "\n";}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_test.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.lists.rings.*;
+public class Gfo_usr_dlg__gui_test implements Gfo_usr_dlg__gui {
+	public List_adp Warns() {return warns;} private final    List_adp warns = List_adp_.New();
+	public List_adp Msgs() {return msgs;} private final    List_adp msgs = List_adp_.New();
+	public Ring__string Prog_msgs() {return ring;} private final    Ring__string ring = new Ring__string().Max_(0);
+	public void Clear() {msgs.Clear(); warns.Clear();}
+	public void Write_prog(String text) {msgs.Add(text);}
+	public void Write_note(String text) {msgs.Add(text);}
+	public void Write_warn(String text) {warns.Add(text);} 
+	public void Write_stop(String text) {msgs.Add(text);}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_usr_dlg__log.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface Gfo_usr_dlg__log extends Gfo_invk {
+	boolean Enabled(); void Enabled_(boolean v);
+	boolean Queue_enabled(); void Queue_enabled_(boolean v);
+	Io_url Log_dir(); void Log_dir_(Io_url v);
+	Io_url Session_dir();
+	Io_url Session_fil();
+	void Log_msg_to_url_fmt(Io_url url, String fmt, Object... args);
+	void Log_to_session(String txt);
+	void Log_to_session_fmt(String fmt, Object... args);
+	void Log_to_session_direct(String txt);
+	void Log_to_err(String txt);
+	void Log_term();
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_usr_dlg__log_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Gfo_usr_dlg__log_ {
+        public static final Gfo_usr_dlg__log Noop = new Gfo_usr_dlg__log_noop();
+}
+class Gfo_usr_dlg__log_noop implements Gfo_usr_dlg__log {
+	public Io_url Session_fil() {return Io_url_.Empty;}
+	public Io_url Session_dir() {return Io_url_.Empty;}
+	public Io_url Log_dir() {return Io_url_.Empty;} public void Log_dir_(Io_url v) {}
+	public boolean Enabled() {return enabled;} public void Enabled_(boolean v) {enabled = v;} private boolean enabled;
+	public boolean Queue_enabled() {return queue_enabled;} public void Queue_enabled_(boolean v) {queue_enabled = v;} private boolean queue_enabled;
+	public void Log_msg_to_url_fmt(Io_url url, String fmt, Object... args) {}
+	public void Log_to_session_fmt(String fmt, Object... args) {}
+	public void Log_to_session(String txt) {}
+	public void Log_to_session_direct(String txt) {}
+	public void Log_to_err(String txt) {}
+	public void Log_term() {}
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m) {return this;}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_usr_dlg__log_base.java

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.strings.*; import gplx.core.consoles.*; import gplx.core.brys.fmtrs.*;
+public class Gfo_usr_dlg__log_base implements Gfo_usr_dlg__log {
+	private int archive_dirs_max = 8;
+	private Io_url log_dir, err_fil;
+	private Ordered_hash queued_list = Ordered_hash_.New();
+	private Bry_fmtr fmtr = Bry_fmtr.New__tmp(); private Bry_bfr tmp_bfr = Bry_bfr_.Reset(255);
+	public boolean Queue_enabled() {return queue_enabled;} public void Queue_enabled_(boolean v) {queue_enabled = v; if (!v) this.Flush();} private boolean queue_enabled;
+	public boolean Enabled() {return enabled;} public void Enabled_(boolean v) {enabled = v;} private boolean enabled = true;
+	public Io_url Session_dir() {return session_dir;} private Io_url session_dir;
+	public Io_url Session_fil() {return session_fil;} private Io_url session_fil;
+	private void Flush() {
+		int queued_len = queued_list.Count();
+		for (int i = 0; i < queued_len; i++) {
+			Usr_log_fil fil = (Usr_log_fil)queued_list.Get_at(i);
+			if (fil.Url() == null) {
+				fil.Url_(session_dir.GenSubFil("session.txt"));
+			}
+			fil.Flush();
+		}
+	}
+	public Io_url Log_dir() {return log_dir;}
+	public void Log_dir_(Io_url log_dir) {
+		this.log_dir = log_dir;
+		session_dir = log_dir.GenSubDir(Datetime_now.Get().XtoStr_fmt_yyyyMMdd_HHmmss_fff());
+		session_fil = session_dir.GenSubFil("session.txt");
+		err_fil = session_dir.GenSubFil("err.txt");
+	}
+	public void Log_term() {
+		if (!enabled) return;
+		Io_url[] archive_dirs = Io_mgr.Instance.QueryDir_args(log_dir).DirInclude_().DirOnly_().ExecAsUrlAry();
+		int archive_dirs_len = archive_dirs.length;
+		int session_cutoff = archive_dirs_len - archive_dirs_max;
+		for (int i = 0; i < session_cutoff; i++) {
+			Io_url archive_dir = archive_dirs[i];
+			Io_mgr.Instance.DeleteDirDeep(archive_dir);
+			this.Log_to_session("archive dir del: " + session_dir.Raw());
+		}
+		this.Log_to_session("app term");
+	}
+	public void Log_info(boolean warn, String s) {if (warn) Log_to_err(s); else Log_to_session(s);}
+	public void Log_msg_to_url_fmt(Io_url url, String fmt, Object... args) {
+		if (!enabled) return;
+		String msg = Bld_msg(String_.new_u8(fmtr.Fmt_(fmt).Bld_bry_many(tmp_bfr, args)));
+		Log_msg(url, msg);
+		Log_msg(session_fil, msg);
+	}
+	public void Log_to_session_fmt(String fmt, Object... args) {Log_to_session(String_.new_u8(fmtr.Fmt_(fmt).Bld_bry_many(tmp_bfr, args)));}
+	public void Log_to_session(String s) {
+		if (!enabled) return;
+		String line = Bld_msg(s);
+		Log_msg(session_fil, line);
+	}
+	public void Log_to_session_direct(String s) {
+		if (!enabled) return;
+		Log_msg(session_fil, s);
+	}
+	public void Log_to_err(String s) {
+		if (!enabled) return;
+		try {
+			String line = Bld_msg(s);
+			Log_msg(session_fil, line);
+			Log_msg(err_fil, line);
+		} 
+		catch (Exception e) {Err_.Noop(e);}			// java.lang.StringBuilder can throw exceptions in some situations when called on a different thread; ignore errors
+	}	private String_bldr sb = String_bldr_.new_thread();	// NOTE: use java.lang.StringBuffer to try to avoid random exceptions when called on a different thread
+	private String Bld_msg(String s) {return sb.Add(Datetime_now.Get_force().XtoUtc().XtoStr_fmt_yyyyMMdd_HHmmss_fff()).Add(" ").Add(s).Add_char_nl().To_str_and_clear();}
+	private void Log_msg(Io_url url, String txt) {
+		if (queue_enabled) {
+			String url_raw = url == null ? "mem" : url.Raw();
+			Usr_log_fil fil = (Usr_log_fil)queued_list.Get_by(url_raw);
+			if (fil == null) {
+				fil = new Usr_log_fil(url);
+				queued_list.Add(url_raw, fil);
+			}
+			fil.Add(txt);
+		}
+		else
+			Io_mgr.Instance.AppendFilStr(url, txt);
+	}
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m) {
+		if		(ctx.Match(k, Invk_enabled_))				enabled = m.ReadYn("v");
+		else if	(ctx.Match(k, Invk_archive_dirs_max_))		archive_dirs_max = m.ReadInt("v");
+		else if	(ctx.Match(k, Invk_log_dir_))				log_dir = m.ReadIoUrl("v");
+		else	return Gfo_invk_.Rv_unhandled;
+		return this;
+	}	public static final String Invk_enabled_ = "enabled_", Invk_archive_dirs_max_ = "archive_dirs_max_", Invk_log_dir_ = "log_dir_";
+	static final String Dir_name_log = "log";
+	public static final    Gfo_usr_dlg__log_base Instance = new Gfo_usr_dlg__log_base();
+}
+class Usr_log_fil {
+	public Usr_log_fil(Io_url url) {this.url = url;}
+	public Io_url Url() {return url;} public Usr_log_fil Url_(Io_url v) {url = v; return this;} Io_url url;
+	public void Add(String text) {sb.Add(text);} String_bldr sb = String_bldr_.new_();
+	public void Flush() {
+		if (sb.Count() == 0) return;
+		try {
+			Io_mgr.Instance.AppendFilStr(url, sb.To_str_and_clear());
+		}
+		catch (Exception e) {
+			Console_adp__sys.Instance.Write_str_w_nl(Err_.Message_gplx_full(e));
+		}
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Gfo_usr_dlg_base.java

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.brys.fmtrs.*;
+public class Gfo_usr_dlg_base implements Gfo_usr_dlg {
+	private final    Bry_bfr tmp_bfr = Bry_bfr_.Reset(255);
+	private final    Bry_fmtr tmp_fmtr = Bry_fmtr.New__tmp().Fail_when_invalid_escapes_(false);	// do not fail b/c msgs may contain excerpt of random text; EX:[[User:A|~A~]] DATE:2014-11-28
+	public Gfo_usr_dlg_base(Gfo_usr_dlg__log log_wkr, Gfo_usr_dlg__gui gui_wkr) {this.log_wkr = log_wkr; this.gui_wkr = gui_wkr;}
+	public Gfo_usr_dlg__log Log_wkr() {return log_wkr;} public void Log_wkr_(Gfo_usr_dlg__log v) {log_wkr = v;} private Gfo_usr_dlg__log log_wkr;
+	public Gfo_usr_dlg__gui Gui_wkr() {return gui_wkr;} public void Gui_wkr_(Gfo_usr_dlg__gui v) {gui_wkr = v;} private Gfo_usr_dlg__gui gui_wkr;
+	public boolean Canceled() {return canceled;} public void Canceled_y_() {canceled = true;} public void Canceled_n_() {canceled = false;} private boolean canceled;
+	public void Cancel() {canceled = true;}
+	public String Log_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args)	{String rv = Bld_msg_many(grp_key, msg_key, fmt, args	); log_wkr.Log_to_session(rv); return rv;}
+	public String Warn_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args)	{String rv = Bld_msg_many(grp_key, msg_key, fmt, args	); log_wkr.Log_to_err(rv); gui_wkr.Write_warn(rv); return rv;}
+	public String Prog_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args)	{String rv = Bld_msg_many(grp_key, msg_key, fmt, args	); gui_wkr.Write_prog(rv); return rv;}
+	public String Prog_one(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object arg)				{String rv = Bld_msg_one (grp_key, msg_key, fmt, arg	); gui_wkr.Write_prog(rv); return rv;}
+	public String Prog_none(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt)							{String rv = Bld_msg_none(grp_key, msg_key, fmt			); gui_wkr.Write_prog(rv); return rv;}
+	public String Prog_direct(String msg)														{														   gui_wkr.Write_prog(msg); return msg;}
+	public String Log_direct(String msg)														{														   log_wkr.Log_to_session(msg); return msg;}
+	public String Note_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args)	{String rv = Bld_msg_many(grp_key, msg_key, fmt, args	); log_wkr.Log_to_session(rv); gui_wkr.Write_note(rv); return rv;}
+	public String Note_none(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt)							{String rv = Bld_msg_none(grp_key, msg_key, fmt			); log_wkr.Log_to_session(rv); gui_wkr.Write_note(rv); return rv;}
+	public String Note_gui_none(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt)						{String rv = Bld_msg_none(grp_key, msg_key, fmt			);                                 gui_wkr.Write_note(rv); return rv;}
+	public String Plog_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args) {
+		String rv = Log_many(grp_key, msg_key, fmt, args);
+		return Prog_direct(rv);
+	}
+	public Err Fail_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object... args) {
+		Err rv = Err_.new_wo_type(Bld_msg_many(grp_key, msg_key, fmt, args));
+		log_wkr.Log_to_err(rv.To_str__full());
+		return rv;
+	}
+	private String Bld_msg_many(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object[] args) {
+		synchronized (tmp_fmtr) {
+			try {
+				tmp_fmtr.Fmt_(fmt).Bld_bfr_many(tmp_bfr, args);
+				return tmp_bfr.To_str_and_clear();
+			}
+			catch (Exception e) {	// NOTE: can fail if fmt has ~{}; callers should proactively remove, but for now, just return fmt if fails; EX:Page_sync and en.w:Web_crawler; DATE:2016-11-17
+				Err_.Noop(e);
+				return fmt;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	private String Bld_msg_one(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt, Object val) {
+		synchronized (tmp_fmtr) {
+			tmp_fmtr.Fmt_(fmt).Bld_bfr_one(tmp_bfr, val);
+			return tmp_bfr.To_str_and_clear();
+		}
+	}
+	private String Bld_msg_none(String grp_key, String msg_key, String fmt) {return fmt;}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/GfsCtx.java

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class GfsCtx {
+	public Ordered_hash Vars() {return vars;} Ordered_hash vars = Ordered_hash_.New();
+	public boolean Fail_if_unhandled() {return fail_if_unhandled;} public GfsCtx Fail_if_unhandled_(boolean v) {fail_if_unhandled = v; return this;} private boolean fail_if_unhandled;
+	public Gfo_usr_dlg Usr_dlg() {return usr_dlg;} public GfsCtx Usr_dlg_(Gfo_usr_dlg v) {usr_dlg = v; return this;} Gfo_usr_dlg usr_dlg;
+	public boolean Help_browseMode() {return help_browseMode;} public GfsCtx Help_browseMode_(boolean v) {help_browseMode = v; return this;} private boolean help_browseMode;
+	public List_adp Help_browseList() {return help_browseList;} List_adp help_browseList = List_adp_.New();
+	public Object MsgSrc() {return msgSrc;} public GfsCtx MsgSrc_(Object v) {msgSrc = v; return this;} Object msgSrc;
+	public boolean Match(String k, String match) {
+		if (help_browseMode) {
+			help_browseList.Add(match);
+			return false;
+		}
+		else
+			return String_.Eq(k, match);
+	}
+	public boolean MatchPriv(String k, String match) {return help_browseMode ? false : String_.Eq(k, match);}
+	public boolean MatchIn(String k, String... match) {
+		if (help_browseMode) {
+			for (String i : match)
+				help_browseList.Add(i);
+			return false;
+		}
+		return String_.In(k, match);
+	}
+	public boolean Write_note(String fmt, Object... ary) {UsrDlg_.Instance.Note(fmt, ary); return false;}
+	public boolean Write_warn(String fmt, Object... ary) {UsrDlg_.Instance.Note("! " + fmt, ary); return false;}
+	public boolean Write_stop(UsrMsg umsg) {UsrDlg_.Instance.Note("* " + umsg.To_str()); return false;}
+	public boolean Write_stop(String fmt, Object... ary) {UsrDlg_.Instance.Note("* " + fmt, ary); return false;}
+	public boolean Deny() {return deny;} private boolean deny;
+        public static final    GfsCtx Instance = new GfsCtx();
+        public static GfsCtx new_() {return new GfsCtx();} GfsCtx() {}
+        public static GfsCtx rdr_() {
+		GfsCtx rv = new GfsCtx();
+		rv.deny = true;
+		rv.mode = "read";
+		return rv;
+	}
+        public static GfsCtx wtr_() {
+		GfsCtx rv = new GfsCtx();
+		rv.deny = true;
+		rv.mode = Mode_write;
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public String Mode() {return mode;} public GfsCtx Mode_(String v) {mode = v; return this;} private String mode = "regular";
+	public static final    String Mode_write = "write";
+	public static final int Ikey_null = -1;
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Guid_adp.java

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Guid_adp {
+	public Guid_adp(java.util.UUID guid) {this.guid = guid;} java.util.UUID guid;
+	public String To_str() {return guid.toString();}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Guid_adp_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Guid_adp_ {
+	public static final String Cls_ref_name = "Guid";
+	public static final    Guid_adp Empty = Parse("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000");
+	public static String New_str() {return New().To_str();}
+	public static Guid_adp New() {return new Guid_adp(java.util.UUID.randomUUID());}
+	public static Guid_adp Parse(String s) {return new Guid_adp(java.util.UUID.fromString(s));}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Guid_adp__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Guid_adp__tst {
+	@Test  public void parse() {
+		tst_parse_("467ffb41-cdfe-402f-b22b-be855425784b");
+	}
+	void tst_parse_(String s) {
+		Guid_adp uuid = Guid_adp_.Parse(s);
+		Tfds.Eq(uuid.To_str(), s);
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Hash_adp.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public interface Hash_adp extends gplx.core.lists.EnumerAble {
+	int        Count();
+	boolean    Has(Object key);
+	Object     Get_by(Object key);
+	Object     Get_by_or_fail(Object key);
+	void       Add(Object key, Object val);
+	Hash_adp   Add_and_more(Object key, Object val);
+	void       Add_as_key_and_val(Object val);
+	boolean    Add_if_dupe_use_1st(Object key, Object val);
+	void       Add_if_dupe_use_nth(Object key, Object val);
+	void       Del(Object key);
+	void       Clear();
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Hash_adp_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.primitives.*;
+public class Hash_adp_ {
+	public static Hash_adp New() {return new Hash_adp_obj();}
+	public static final    Hash_adp Noop = new Hash_adp_noop();
+}
+class Hash_adp_obj extends gplx.core.lists.Hash_adp_base implements Hash_adp {}//_20110428
+class Hash_adp_noop implements Hash_adp {
+	public int Count() {return 0;}
+	public boolean Has(Object key) {return false;}
+	public Object Get_by(Object key) {return null;}
+	public Object Get_by_or_fail(Object key)				{throw Err_.new_missing_key(Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null_mark(key));}
+	public void Add(Object key, Object val) {}
+	public Hash_adp Add_and_more(Object key, Object val) {return this;}
+	public void Add_as_key_and_val(Object val) {}
+	public void Add_if_dupe_use_nth(Object key, Object val) {}
+	public boolean Add_if_dupe_use_1st(Object key, Object val) {return false;}
+	public void Del(Object key) {}
+	public void Clear() {}
+	public java.util.Iterator iterator() {return gplx.core.lists.Iterator_null.Instance;}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Hash_adp_bry.java

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.primitives.*;
+import gplx.core.intls.*;
+public class Hash_adp_bry extends gplx.core.lists.Hash_adp_base implements Hash_adp {
+	private final    Hash_adp_bry_itm_base proto, key_ref;
+	Hash_adp_bry(Hash_adp_bry_itm_base proto) {
+		this.proto = proto;
+		this.key_ref = proto.New();
+	}
+	@Override protected Object Fetch_base(Object key)				{synchronized (key_ref) {return super.Fetch_base(key_ref.Init((byte[])key));}}	// TS: DATE:2016-07-06
+	@Override protected void Del_base(Object key)					{synchronized (key_ref) {super.Del_base(key_ref.Init((byte[])key));}}// TS: DATE:2016-07-06
+	@Override protected boolean Has_base(Object key)					{synchronized (key_ref) {return super.Has_base(key_ref.Init((byte[])key));}}// TS: DATE:2016-07-06
+	public int Get_as_int(byte[] key) {return Get_as_int(key, 0, key.length);}
+	public int Get_as_int(byte[] key, int bgn, int end) {
+		int rv = Get_as_int_or(key, bgn, end, Int_.Min_value); if (rv == Int_.Min_value) throw Err_.new_("core", "unknown key", "key", key);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public int Get_as_int_or(byte[] key, int or) {return Get_as_int_or(key, 0, key.length, or);}
+	public int Get_as_int_or(byte[] key, int bgn, int end, int or) {
+		Object o = Get_by_mid(key, bgn, end); 
+		return (o == null) ? or : ((Int_obj_val)o).Val();
+	}
+	public byte Get_as_byte_or(byte[] key, byte or) {return Get_as_byte_or(key, 0, key.length, or);}
+	public byte Get_as_byte_or(byte[] key, int bgn, int end, byte or) {
+		Object o = Get_by_mid(key, bgn, end); 
+		return o == null ? or : ((Byte_obj_val)o).Val();
+	}
+	public Object Get_by_bry(byte[] src)							{synchronized (key_ref) {return super.Fetch_base(key_ref.Init(src));}}	// TS: DATE:2016-07-06
+	public Object Get_by_mid(byte[] src, int bgn, int end)			{synchronized (key_ref) {return super.Fetch_base(key_ref.Init(src, bgn, end));}}// TS: DATE:2016-07-06
+	public Hash_adp_bry Add_byte_int(byte key, int val)				{this.Add_base(new byte[]{key}, new Int_obj_val(val)); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry Add_bry_byte(byte[] key, byte val)			{this.Add_base(key, Byte_obj_val.new_(val)); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry Add_bry_int(byte[] key, int val)			{this.Add_base(key, new Int_obj_val(val)); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry Add_bry_bry(byte[] key)						{this.Add_base(key, key); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry Add_str_byte(String key, byte val)			{this.Add_base(Bry_.new_u8(key), Byte_obj_val.new_(val)); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry Add_str_int(String key, int val)			{this.Add_base(Bry_.new_u8(key), new Int_obj_val(val)); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry Add_str_obj(String key, Object val)			{this.Add_base(Bry_.new_u8(key), val); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry Add_bry_obj(byte[] key, Object val)			{this.Add_base(key, val); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry Add_many_str(String... ary) {
+		int ary_len = ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < ary_len; i++) {
+			String itm = ary[i];
+			byte[] bry = Bry_.new_u8(itm);
+			Add_bry_bry(bry);
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Hash_adp_bry Add_many_bry(byte[]... ary) {
+		int ary_len = ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < ary_len; i++)
+			Add_bry_bry(ary[i]);
+		return this;
+	}
+	@Override protected void Add_base(Object key, Object val) {
+		byte[] key_bry = (byte[])key;
+		Hash_adp_bry_itm_base key_itm = proto.New();
+		key_itm.Init(key_bry, 0, key_bry.length);
+		super.Add_base(key_itm, val);
+	}
+	public static Hash_adp_bry cs()												{return new Hash_adp_bry(Hash_adp_bry_itm_cs.Instance);}
+	public static Hash_adp_bry ci_a7()											{return new Hash_adp_bry(Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_a7.Instance);}
+	public static Hash_adp_bry ci_u8(Gfo_case_mgr case_mgr)						{return new Hash_adp_bry(Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_u8.get_or_new(case_mgr));}
+	public static Hash_adp_bry c__u8(boolean case_match, Gfo_case_mgr case_mgr)	{return case_match ? cs() : ci_u8(case_mgr);}
+}
+abstract class Hash_adp_bry_itm_base {
+	public abstract Hash_adp_bry_itm_base New();
+	public Hash_adp_bry_itm_base Init(byte[] src) {return this.Init(src, 0, src.length);}
+	public abstract Hash_adp_bry_itm_base Init(byte[] src, int src_bgn, int src_end);
+}
+class Hash_adp_bry_itm_cs extends Hash_adp_bry_itm_base {
+	private byte[] src; int src_bgn, src_end;
+	@Override public Hash_adp_bry_itm_base New() {return new Hash_adp_bry_itm_cs();}
+	@Override public Hash_adp_bry_itm_base Init(byte[] src, int src_bgn, int src_end) {this.src = src; this.src_bgn = src_bgn; this.src_end = src_end; return this;}
+	@Override public int hashCode() {
+		int rv = 0;
+		for (int i = src_bgn; i < src_end; i++) {
+			int b_int = src[i] & 0xFF;	// JAVA: patch
+			rv = (31 * rv) + b_int;
+		}
+		return rv;	
+	}
+	@Override public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+		if (obj == null) return false;
+		Hash_adp_bry_itm_cs comp = (Hash_adp_bry_itm_cs)obj;
+		byte[] comp_src = comp.src; int comp_bgn = comp.src_bgn, comp_end = comp.src_end;
+		int comp_len = comp_end - comp_bgn, src_len = src_end - src_bgn;
+		if (comp_len != src_len) return false;
+		for (int i = 0; i < comp_len; i++) {
+			int src_pos = src_bgn + i;
+			if (src_pos >= src_end) return false;	// ran out of src; exit; EX: src=ab; find=abc
+			if (src[src_pos] != comp_src[i + comp_bgn]) return false;
+		}
+		return true;
+	}
+        public static final    Hash_adp_bry_itm_cs Instance = new Hash_adp_bry_itm_cs(); Hash_adp_bry_itm_cs() {}
+}
+class Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_a7 extends Hash_adp_bry_itm_base {
+	private byte[] src; int src_bgn, src_end;
+	@Override public Hash_adp_bry_itm_base New() {return new Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_a7();}
+	@Override public Hash_adp_bry_itm_base Init(byte[] src, int src_bgn, int src_end) {this.src = src; this.src_bgn = src_bgn; this.src_end = src_end; return this;}
+	@Override public int hashCode() {
+		int rv = 0;
+		for (int i = src_bgn; i < src_end; i++) {
+			int b_int = src[i] & 0xFF;		// JAVA: patch
+			if (b_int > 64 && b_int < 91)	// 64=before A; 91=after Z; NOTE: lowering upper-case on PERF assumption that there will be more lower-case letters than upper-case
+				b_int += 32;
+			rv = (31 * rv) + b_int;
+		}
+		return rv;	
+	}
+	@Override public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+		if (obj == null) return false;
+		Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_a7 comp = (Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_a7)obj;
+		byte[] comp_src = comp.src; int comp_bgn = comp.src_bgn, comp_end = comp.src_end;
+		int comp_len = comp_end - comp_bgn, src_len = src_end - src_bgn;
+		if (comp_len != src_len) return false;
+		for (int i = 0; i < comp_len; i++) {
+			int src_pos = src_bgn + i;
+			if (src_pos >= src_end) return false;	// ran out of src; exit; EX: src=ab; find=abc
+			byte src_byte = src[src_pos];
+			if (src_byte > 64 && src_byte < 91) src_byte += 32;
+			byte comp_byte = comp_src[i + comp_bgn];
+			if (comp_byte > 64 && comp_byte < 91) comp_byte += 32;
+			if (src_byte != comp_byte) return false;
+		}
+		return true;
+	}
+        public static final    Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_a7 Instance = new Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_a7(); Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_a7() {}
+}
+class Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_u8 extends Hash_adp_bry_itm_base {
+	private final    Gfo_case_mgr case_mgr;
+	Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_u8(Gfo_case_mgr case_mgr) {this.case_mgr = case_mgr;}
+	private byte[] src; int src_bgn, src_end;
+	@Override public Hash_adp_bry_itm_base New() {return new Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_u8(case_mgr);}
+	@Override public Hash_adp_bry_itm_base Init(byte[] src, int src_bgn, int src_end) {this.src = src; this.src_bgn = src_bgn; this.src_end = src_end; return this;}
+	@Override public int hashCode() {
+		int rv = 0;
+		for (int i = src_bgn; i < src_end; i++) {
+			byte b = src[i];
+			int b_int = b & 0xFF;			// JAVA: patch
+			Gfo_case_itm itm = case_mgr.Get_or_null(b, src, i, src_end);
+			if (itm == null) {				// unknown itm; byte is a number, symbol, or unknown; just use the existing byte
+			}
+			else {							// known itm; use its hash_code
+				b_int = itm.Hashcode_lo();
+				int b_len = Utf8_.Len_of_char_by_1st_byte(b);	// NOTE: must calc b_len for langs with asymmetric upper / lower; PAGE:tr.w:Zvishavane DATE:2015-09-07
+				i += b_len - 1;
+			}
+			rv = (31 * rv) + b_int;
+		}
+		return rv;	
+	}
+	@Override public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+		if (obj == null) return false;
+		Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_u8 trg_itm = (Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_u8)obj;
+		byte[] trg = trg_itm.src; int trg_bgn = trg_itm.src_bgn, trg_end = trg_itm.src_end;
+		int src_c_bgn = src_bgn;
+		int trg_c_bgn = trg_bgn;
+		while	(	src_c_bgn < src_end
+				&&	trg_c_bgn < trg_end) {			// exit once one goes out of bounds
+			byte src_c = src[src_c_bgn];
+			byte trg_c = trg[trg_c_bgn];
+			int src_c_len = Utf8_.Len_of_char_by_1st_byte(src_c);
+			int trg_c_len = Utf8_.Len_of_char_by_1st_byte(trg_c);
+			int src_c_end = src_c_bgn + src_c_len;
+			int trg_c_end = trg_c_bgn + trg_c_len;
+			Gfo_case_itm src_c_itm = case_mgr.Get_or_null(src_c, src, src_c_bgn, src_c_end);
+			Gfo_case_itm trg_c_itm = case_mgr.Get_or_null(trg_c, trg, trg_c_bgn, trg_c_end);
+			if		(src_c_itm != null && trg_c_itm == null)	return false;						// src == ltr; trg != ltr; EX: a, 1
+			else if (src_c_itm == null && trg_c_itm != null)	return false;						// src != ltr; trg == ltr; EX: 1, a
+			else if (src_c_itm == null && trg_c_itm == null) {										// src != ltr; trg != ltr; EX: 1, 2; ＿, Ⓐ
+				if (!Bry_.Match(src, src_c_bgn, src_c_end, trg, trg_c_bgn, trg_c_end)) return false;// syms do not match; return false;
+			}
+			else {
+				if (src_c_itm.Utf8_id_lo() != trg_c_itm.Utf8_id_lo()) return false;					// lower-case utf8-ids don't match; return false; NOTE: using utf8-ids instead of hash-code to handle asymmetric brys; DATE:2015-09-07
+			}
+			src_c_bgn = src_c_end;
+			trg_c_bgn = trg_c_end;
+		}
+		return src_c_bgn == src_end && trg_c_bgn == trg_end;										// only return true if both src and trg read to end of their brys, otherwise "a","ab" will match
+	}
+        public static Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_u8 get_or_new(Gfo_case_mgr case_mgr) {
+		switch (case_mgr.Tid()) {
+			case Gfo_case_mgr_.Tid_a7:			if (Itm_a7 == null) Itm_a7 = new Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_u8(case_mgr); return Itm_a7;
+			case Gfo_case_mgr_.Tid_u8:			if (Itm_u8 == null) Itm_u8 = new Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_u8(case_mgr); return Itm_u8;
+			case Gfo_case_mgr_.Tid_custom:		return new Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_u8(case_mgr);
+			default:							throw Err_.new_unhandled(case_mgr.Tid());
+		}
+	}
+	private static Hash_adp_bry_itm_ci_u8 Itm_a7, Itm_u8;
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Hash_adp_bry_tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Hash_adp_bry_tst {		
+	@Before public void setup() {fxt.Clear();} private Hash_adp_bry_fxt fxt = new Hash_adp_bry_fxt();
+	@Test   public void Add_bry() {
+		fxt	.New_cs()
+			.Add("a0").Add("b0").Add("c0")
+			.Get_bry_tst("a0").Get_bry_tst("b0").Get_bry_tst("c0").Get_bry_tst("A0", null)
+			;
+	}
+	@Test   public void Get_mid() {
+		fxt	.New_cs()
+			.Add("a0").Add("b0").Add("c0")
+			.Get_mid_tst("xyza0xyz", 3, 5, "a0")
+			.Get_mid_tst("xyza0xyz", 3, 4, null)
+			;
+	}
+	@Test   public void Case_insensitive() {
+		fxt	.New_ci()
+			.Add("a0").Add("B0").Add("c0")
+			.Get_bry_tst("a0", "a0")
+			.Get_bry_tst("A0", "a0")
+			.Get_bry_tst("b0", "B0")
+			.Get_bry_tst("B0", "B0")
+			.Get_mid_tst("xyza0xyz", 3, 5, "a0")
+			.Get_mid_tst("xyzA0xyz", 3, 5, "a0")
+			.Count_tst(3)
+			;
+	}
+}
+class Hash_adp_bry_fxt {
+	Hash_adp_bry hash; 
+	public void Clear() {}
+	public Hash_adp_bry_fxt New_cs() {hash = Hash_adp_bry.cs(); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry_fxt New_ci() {hash = Hash_adp_bry.ci_a7(); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry_fxt Add(String key) {byte[] key_bry = Bry_.new_u8(key); hash.Add(key_bry, key_bry); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry_fxt Count_tst(int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, hash.Count()); return this;}
+	public Hash_adp_bry_fxt Get_bry_tst(String key) {return Get_bry_tst(key, key);}
+	public Hash_adp_bry_fxt Get_bry_tst(String key, String expd) {
+		byte[] key_bry = Bry_.new_u8(key); 
+		byte[] actl_bry = (byte[])hash.Get_by_bry(key_bry);
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(actl_bry));
+		return this;
+	}
+	public Hash_adp_bry_fxt Get_mid_tst(String key, int bgn, int end, String expd) {
+		byte[] key_bry = Bry_.new_u8(key); 
+		byte[] actl_bry = (byte[])hash.Get_by_mid(key_bry, bgn, end);
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, String_.new_u8(actl_bry));
+		return this;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Int_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.strings.*; import gplx.langs.gfs.*;
+public class Int_ {
+	public static final String Cls_val_name = "int";
+	public static final    Class<?> Cls_ref_type = Integer.class; 
+
+	public static final int
+	  Min_value     = Integer.MIN_VALUE	
+	, Max_value     = Integer.MAX_VALUE	
+	, Max_value__31	= 2147483647
+	, Neg1          = -1
+	, Null          = Int_.Min_value
+	, Base1         = 1 // for super 1 lists / arrays; EX: PHP; [a, b, c]; [1] => a
+	, Offset_1      = 1 // common symbol for + 1 after current pos; EX: String_.Mid(lhs + Offset_1, rhs)
+	;
+
+	public static int Cast(Object obj) {
+		try {
+			return (Integer)obj;
+		}
+		catch(Exception exc) {
+			throw Err_.new_type_mismatch_w_exc(exc, int.class, obj);
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Cast_or(Object obj, int or) {
+		try {
+			return (Integer)obj;
+		}
+		catch(Exception e) {
+			Err_.Noop(e);
+			return or;
+		}
+	}
+	public static int Coerce(Object v) {
+		try {
+			String s = String_.as_(v);
+			return s == null ? Int_.Cast(v) : Int_.Parse(s);
+		}
+		catch (Exception e) {throw Err_.new_cast(e, int.class, v);}
+	}
+
+	public static int Parse(String raw) {try {return Integer.parseInt(raw);} catch(Exception e) {throw Err_.new_parse_exc(e, int.class, raw);}}
+	public static int Parse_or(String raw, int or) {
+		if (raw == null) return or;
+		int rawLen = String_.Len(raw); if (rawLen == 0) return or;
+		int rv = 0, tmp = 0, factor = 1;
+		for (int i = rawLen; i > 0; i--) {
+			char c = String_.CharAt(raw, i - 1);
+			switch (c) {
+				case '0': tmp = 0; break; case '1': tmp = 1; break; case '2': tmp = 2; break; case '3': tmp = 3; break; case '4': tmp = 4; break;
+				case '5': tmp = 5; break; case '6': tmp = 6; break; case '7': tmp = 7; break; case '8': tmp = 8; break; case '9': tmp = 9; break;
+				case '-': rv *= -1; continue;	// NOTE: note continue
+				default: return or;
+			}
+			rv += (tmp * factor);
+			factor *= 10;
+		}
+		return rv;
+	}
+
+	public static int By_double(double v) {return (int)v;}
+	public static int By_hex_bry(byte[] src) {return By_hex_bry(src, 0, src.length);}
+	public static int By_hex_bry(byte[] src, int bgn, int end) {
+		int rv = 0; int factor = 1;
+		for (int i = end - 1; i >= bgn; i--) {
+			int val = By_hex_byte(src[i]);
+			rv += (val * factor);
+			factor *= 16;
+		}
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static int By_hex_byte(byte b) {
+		switch (b) {
+			case Byte_ascii.Num_0: case Byte_ascii.Num_1: case Byte_ascii.Num_2: case Byte_ascii.Num_3: case Byte_ascii.Num_4:
+			case Byte_ascii.Num_5: case Byte_ascii.Num_6: case Byte_ascii.Num_7: case Byte_ascii.Num_8: case Byte_ascii.Num_9:
+				return b - Byte_ascii.Num_0;
+			case Byte_ascii.Ltr_A: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_B: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_C: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_D: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_E: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_F:
+				return b - Byte_ascii.Ltr_A + 10;
+			case Byte_ascii.Ltr_a: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_b: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_c: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_d: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_e: case Byte_ascii.Ltr_f:
+				return b - Byte_ascii.Ltr_a + 10;
+			default:
+				return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	public static byte[] To_bry(int v) {return Bry_.new_a7(To_str(v));}
+	public static String To_str(int v) {return new Integer(v).toString();}
+	public static String To_str_fmt(int v, String fmt) {return new java.text.DecimalFormat(fmt).format(v);}
+	public static String To_str_pad_bgn_space(int val, int reqd_len)   {return To_str_pad(val, reqd_len, Bool_.Y, Byte_ascii.Space);}	// EX: 1, 3 returns "  1"
+	public static String To_str_pad_bgn_zero (int val, int reqd_len)   {return To_str_pad(val, reqd_len, Bool_.Y, Byte_ascii.Num_0);}	// EX: 1, 3 returns "001"
+	private static String To_str_pad(int val, int reqd_len, boolean bgn, byte pad_chr) {
+		// get val_len and pad_len; exit early, if no padding needed
+		int val_len = DigitCount(val);
+		int pad_len = reqd_len - val_len; 
+		if (pad_len < 0)
+			return Int_.To_str(val);
+
+		// padding needed
+		Bry_bfr bfr = Bry_bfr_.New();
+
+		// handle negative numbers; EX: -1 -> "-001", not "00-1"
+		if (val < 0) {
+			bfr.Add_byte(Byte_ascii.Dash);
+			val *= -1;
+			--val_len;
+		}
+
+		// build outpt
+		if (!bgn)
+			bfr.Add_int_fixed(val, val_len);
+		bfr.Add_byte_repeat(pad_chr, pad_len);
+		if (bgn)
+			bfr.Add_int_fixed(val, val_len);
+
+		return bfr.To_str();
+	}
+	public static String To_str_hex(int v) {return To_str_hex(Bool_.Y, Bool_.Y, v);}
+	public static String To_str_hex(boolean zero_pad, boolean upper, int v) {
+		String rv = Integer.toHexString(v); 
+		int rv_len = String_.Len(rv);
+		if (zero_pad && rv_len < 8) rv = String_.Repeat("0", 8 - rv_len) + rv;
+		return upper ? String_.Upper(rv) : rv;
+	}
+
+	public static int Compare(int lhs, int rhs) {
+		if		(lhs == rhs) 	return CompareAble_.Same;
+		else if (lhs < rhs)		return CompareAble_.Less;
+		else 					return CompareAble_.More;
+	}
+	public static boolean In(int v, int comp0, int comp1) {return v == comp0 || v == comp1;}
+	public static boolean In(int v, int... ary) {
+		for (int itm : ary)
+			if (v == itm) return true;
+		return false;
+	}
+	public static boolean Between(int v, int lhs, int rhs) {
+		int lhsCompare = v == lhs ? 0 : (v < lhs ? -1 : 1);
+		int rhsCompare = v == rhs ? 0 : (v < rhs ? -1 : 1);
+		return (lhsCompare * rhsCompare) != 1;	// 1 when v is (a) greater than both or (b) less than both
+	}
+	public static boolean RangeCheck(int v, int max) {return v >= 0 && v < max;}
+	public static void RangeCheckOrFail_list(int v, int max, String s)		{if (v < 0   || v >= max) throw Err_.new_wo_type("bounds check failed", "msg", s, "v", v, "min",   0, "max", max - 1);}
+	public static boolean Bounds_chk(int bgn, int end, int len) {return bgn > -1 && end < len;}
+	public static int BoundEnd(int v, int end) {return v >= end ? end - 1 : v;}
+	public static int EnsureLessThan(int v, int max) {return v >= max ? max : v;}
+
+	public static int Min(int lhs, int rhs) {return lhs < rhs ? lhs : rhs;}
+	public static int Max(int lhs, int rhs) {return lhs > rhs ? lhs : rhs;}
+	public static int Min_many(int... ary) {
+		int len = ary.length; if (len == 0) throw Err_.new_wo_type("Min_many requires at least 1 value");
+		boolean init = true;
+		int min = Int_.Min_value;
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+			int val = ary[i];
+			if (init) {
+				min = val;
+				init = false;
+			}
+			else {
+				if (val < min)
+					min = val;
+			}
+		}
+		return min;
+	}
+
+	public static int Subtract_long(long lhs, long rhs) {return (int)(lhs - rhs);}
+	public static int Div(int v, float divisor) {return (int)((float)v / divisor);}
+	public static int DivAndRoundUp(int v, int divisor) {
+		int whole = v / divisor;
+		int partial = v % divisor == 0 ? 0 : 1;
+		return whole + partial;
+	}
+	public static int Mult(int v, float multiplier) {
+		float product = ((float)v * multiplier);	// WORKAROUND (DotNet): (int)((float)v * multiplier) returns 0 for 100 and .01f
+		return (int)product;
+	}
+
+	public static int[] Log10Ary = new int[] {1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000, 1000000, 10000000, 100000000, 1000000000, Int_.Max_value};
+	public static int Log10AryLen = 11;
+	public static int Log10(int v) {
+		if (v == 0) return 0;
+		int sign = 1;
+		if (v < 0) {
+			if (v == Int_.Min_value) return -9;	// NOTE: Int_.Min_value * -1 = Int_.Min_value
+			v *= -1;
+			sign = -1;
+		}
+		int rv = Log10AryLen - 2;	// rv will only happen when v == Int_.Max_value
+		int bgn = 0;
+		if (v > 1000) {				// optimization to reduce number of ops to < 5
+			bgn = 3;
+			if (v > 1000000) bgn = 6;
+		}
+		for (int i = bgn; i < Log10AryLen; i++) {
+			if (v < Log10Ary[i]) {rv = i - 1; break;}
+		}
+		return rv * sign;
+	}
+
+	public static int DigitCount(int v) {
+		int log10 = Log10(v);
+		return v > -1 ? log10 + 1 : log10 * -1 + 2;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Int__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Int__tst {
+	@Test  public void XtoStr_PadBgn() {
+		tst_XtoStr_PadLeft_Zeroes(1		, 3, "001");		// pad
+		tst_XtoStr_PadLeft_Zeroes(123	, 3, "123");		// no pad
+		tst_XtoStr_PadLeft_Zeroes(1234	, 3, "1234");		// val exceeds pad; confirm noop
+		tst_XtoStr_PadLeft_Zeroes(-1	, 3, "-01");		// negative
+		tst_XtoStr_PadLeft_Zeroes(-12	, 3, "-12");		// negative
+		tst_XtoStr_PadLeft_Zeroes(-123	, 3, "-123");		// negative
+		tst_XtoStr_PadLeft_Zeroes(-1234	, 3, "-1234");		// negative
+	}	void tst_XtoStr_PadLeft_Zeroes(int val, int zeros, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Int_.To_str_pad_bgn_zero(val, zeros));}
+	@Test  public void parseOr_() {
+		tst_ParseOr("", -1);		// empty
+		tst_ParseOr("123", 123);	// single
+		tst_ParseOr("1a", -1);		// fail
+	}	void tst_ParseOr(String raw, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Int_.Parse_or(raw, -1));}
+	@Test  public void Between() {
+		tst_Between(1, 0, 2, true);		// simple true
+		tst_Between(3, 0, 2, false);	// simple false
+		tst_Between(0, 0, 2, true);		// bgn true
+		tst_Between(2, 0, 2, true);		// end true
+	}	void tst_Between(int val, int lhs, int rhs, boolean expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Int_.Between(val, lhs, rhs));}
+	@Test  public void Xto_fmt() {
+		tst_XtoStr_fmt(1, "1");
+		tst_XtoStr_fmt(1000, "1,000");
+	}	void tst_XtoStr_fmt(int v, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Int_.To_str_fmt(v, "#,###"));}
+	@Test  public void Log10_pos() {
+		tst_Log10(0, 0);
+		tst_Log10(1, 0);
+		tst_Log10(9, 0);
+		tst_Log10(10, 1);
+		tst_Log10(100, 2);
+		tst_Log10(1000000, 6);
+		tst_Log10(1000000000, 9);
+		tst_Log10(Int_.Max_value, 9);
+	}
+	@Test  public void Log10_neg() {
+		tst_Log10(-1, 0);
+		tst_Log10(-10, -1);
+		tst_Log10(-100, -2);
+		tst_Log10(-1000000, -6);
+		tst_Log10(-1000000000, -9);
+		tst_Log10(Int_.Min_value, -9);
+		tst_Log10(Int_.Min_value + 1, -9);
+	}
+	void tst_Log10(int val, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Int_.Log10(val));}
+	@Test  public void DigitCount() {
+		tst_DigitCount(0, 1);
+		tst_DigitCount(9, 1);
+		tst_DigitCount(100, 3);
+		tst_DigitCount(-1, 2);
+		tst_DigitCount(-100, 4);
+	}	void tst_DigitCount(int val, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Int_.DigitCount(val), Int_.To_str(val));}
+	@Test  public void Log10() {
+		tst_Log10(            0,  0);
+		tst_Log10(            1,  0);
+		tst_Log10(            2,  0);
+		tst_Log10(           10,  1);
+		tst_Log10(           12,  1);
+		tst_Log10(          100,  2);
+		tst_Log10(          123,  2);
+		tst_Log10(         1000,  3);
+		tst_Log10(         1234,  3);
+		tst_Log10(        10000,  4);
+		tst_Log10(        12345,  4);
+		tst_Log10(       100000,  5);
+		tst_Log10(       123456,  5);
+		tst_Log10(      1000000,  6);
+		tst_Log10(      1234567,  6);
+		tst_Log10(     10000000,  7);
+		tst_Log10(     12345678,  7);
+		tst_Log10(    100000000,  8);
+		tst_Log10(    123456789,  8);
+		tst_Log10(   1000000000,  9);
+		tst_Log10(   1234567890,  9);
+		tst_Log10(Int_.Max_value,  9);
+	}
+	@Test  public void Xto_int_hex_tst() {
+		Xto_int_hex("007C", 124);
+	}	void Xto_int_hex(String raw, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Int_.By_hex_bry(Bry_.new_a7(raw)));}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Int_ary_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.strings.*;
+public class Int_ary_ {//RF:DATE:2017-10-09
+	public static int[] Empty = new int[0];
+
+	public static int[] New(int... v) {return v;}
+
+	public static void Copy_to(int[] src, int src_len, int[] trg) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < src_len; ++i)
+			trg[i] = src[i];
+	}
+
+	public static String To_str(String spr, int... ary) {
+		Bry_bfr bfr = Bry_bfr_.New();
+		int len = ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+			if (i != 0) bfr.Add_str_u8(spr);
+			int itm = ary[i];
+			bfr.Add_int_variable(itm);
+		}
+		return bfr.To_str_and_clear();
+	}
+
+	public static int[] Parse(String raw, String spr) {
+		String[] ary = String_.Split(raw, spr);
+		int len = ary.length;
+		int[] rv = new int[len];
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
+			rv[i] = Int_.Parse(ary[i]);
+		return rv;
+	}
+
+	// parses to a reqd len; EX: "1" -> "[1, 0]"
+	public static int[] Parse(String raw_str, int reqd_len, int[] or) {
+		byte[] raw_bry = Bry_.new_a7(raw_str);
+		int raw_bry_len = raw_bry.length;
+		int[] rv = new int[reqd_len];
+		int cur_val = 0, cur_mult = 1, cur_idx = reqd_len - 1; boolean signed = false;
+		for (int i = raw_bry_len - 1; i > -2; i--) {
+			byte b = i == -1 ? Byte_ascii.Comma : raw_bry[i];
+			switch (b) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Num_0: case Byte_ascii.Num_1: case Byte_ascii.Num_2: case Byte_ascii.Num_3: case Byte_ascii.Num_4:
+				case Byte_ascii.Num_5: case Byte_ascii.Num_6: case Byte_ascii.Num_7: case Byte_ascii.Num_8: case Byte_ascii.Num_9:
+					if (signed) return or;
+					cur_val += (b - Byte_ascii.Num_0) * cur_mult;
+					cur_mult *= 10;
+					break;
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr: case Byte_ascii.Tab:
+					break;
+				case Byte_ascii.Comma:
+					if (cur_idx < 0) return or;
+					rv[cur_idx--] = cur_val;
+					cur_val = 0; cur_mult = 1;
+					signed = false;
+					break;
+				case Byte_ascii.Dash:
+					if (signed) return or;
+					cur_val *= -1;
+					signed = true;
+					break;
+				case Byte_ascii.Plus:	// noop; all values positive by default
+					if (signed) return or;
+					signed = true;
+					break;
+				default:
+					return or;
+			}
+		}
+		return cur_idx == -1 ? rv : or;	// cur_idx == -1 checks for unfilled; EX: Ary_parse("1,2", 3, null) is unfilled
+	}
+
+	// optimizes parse
+	public static int[] Parse_or(byte[] src, int[] or) {
+		try {
+		if (Bry_.Len_eq_0(src)) return or;	// null, "" should return [0]
+		int raw_len = src.length;
+		int[] rv = null; int rv_idx = 0, rv_len = 0;
+		int pos = 0;
+		int num_bgn = -1, num_end = -1;
+		boolean itm_done = false, itm_is_rng = false;
+		int rng_bgn = Int_.Min_value;
+		while (true) {
+			boolean pos_is_last = pos == raw_len;
+			if (	itm_done
+				||	pos_is_last
+				) {
+				if (num_bgn == -1) return or;			// empty itm; EX: "1,"; "1,,2"
+				int num = Bry_.To_int_or(src, num_bgn, num_end, Int_.Min_value);
+				if (num == Int_.Min_value) return or;	// not a number; parse failed
+				if (rv_len == 0) {						// rv not init'd
+					rv_len = (raw_len / 2) + 1;			// default rv_len to len of String / 2; + 1 to avoid fraction rounding down
+					rv = new int[rv_len];
+				}
+				int add_len = 1;
+				if (itm_is_rng) {
+					add_len = num - rng_bgn + List_adp_.Base1;
+					if (add_len == 0) return or;		// bgn >= end;
+				}
+				if (add_len + rv_idx > rv_len) {		// ary out of space; resize
+					rv_len = (add_len + rv_idx) * 2;
+					rv = (int[])Array_.Resize(rv, rv_len);
+				}
+				if (itm_is_rng) {
+					for (int i = rng_bgn; i <= num; i++)
+						rv[rv_idx++] = i;
+				}
+				else  {
+					rv[rv_idx++] = num;
+				}
+				num_bgn = num_end = -1;
+				itm_done = itm_is_rng = false;
+				rng_bgn = Int_.Min_value;
+				if (pos_is_last) break;
+			}
+			byte b = src[pos];
+			switch (b) {
+				case Byte_ascii.Num_0: case Byte_ascii.Num_1: case Byte_ascii.Num_2: case Byte_ascii.Num_3: case Byte_ascii.Num_4:
+				case Byte_ascii.Num_5: case Byte_ascii.Num_6: case Byte_ascii.Num_7: case Byte_ascii.Num_8: case Byte_ascii.Num_9:
+					if (num_bgn == -1)	// num_bgn not set
+						num_bgn = pos;
+					num_end = pos + 1;	// num_end is always after pos; EX: "9": num_end = 1; "98,7": num_end=2
+					break;
+				case Byte_ascii.Space: case Byte_ascii.Tab: case Byte_ascii.Nl: case Byte_ascii.Cr:	// NOTE: parseNumList replaces ws with '', so "1 1" will become "11"
+					break;
+				case Byte_ascii.Comma:
+					if (pos == raw_len -1) return or;	// eos; EX: "1,"
+					if (num_bgn == -1) return or;		// empty itm; EX: ","; "1,,2"
+					itm_done = true;
+					break;
+				case Byte_ascii.Dash:
+					if (pos == raw_len -1) return or;	// eos; EX: "1-"
+					if (num_bgn == -1) return or;		// no rng_bgn; EX: "-2"
+					rng_bgn = Bry_.To_int_or(src, num_bgn, pos, Int_.Min_value);
+					if (rng_bgn == Int_.Min_value) return or;
+					num_bgn = -1;
+					itm_is_rng = true;
+					break;
+				default:
+					return or;
+			}
+			++pos;
+		}
+		return (rv_idx == rv_len)	// on the off-chance that rv_len == rv_idx; EX: "1"
+			? rv
+			: (int[])Array_.Resize(rv, rv_idx);
+		} catch (Exception e) {Err_.Noop(e); return or;}
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Int_ary__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*; import gplx.core.tests.*;
+public class Int_ary__tst {
+	private Int_ary__fxt fxt = new Int_ary__fxt();
+
+	@Test  public void Parse() {
+		fxt.Test__Parse("1,2,3"                        , 3, Int_ary_.Empty,   1,   2,   3);
+		fxt.Test__Parse("123,321,213"                  , 3, Int_ary_.Empty, 123, 321, 213);
+		fxt.Test__Parse(" 1,  2,3"                     , 3, Int_ary_.Empty,   1,   2,   3);
+		fxt.Test__Parse("-1,+2,-3"                     , 3, Int_ary_.Empty,  -1,   2,  -3);
+		fxt.Test__Parse(Int_.To_str(Int_.Min_value)    , 1, Int_ary_.Empty, Int_.Min_value);
+		fxt.Test__Parse(Int_.To_str(Int_.Max_value)    , 1, Int_ary_.Empty, Int_.Max_value);
+		fxt.Test__Parse("1,2"                          , 1, Int_ary_.Empty);
+		fxt.Test__Parse("1"                            , 2, Int_ary_.Empty);
+		fxt.Test__Parse("a"                            , 1, Int_ary_.Empty);
+		fxt.Test__Parse("1-2,"                         , 1, Int_ary_.Empty);
+	}
+
+	@Test  public void Parse_list_or_() {
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or("1", 1);
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or("123", 123);
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or("1,2,123", 1, 2, 123);
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or("1,2,12,123", 1, 2, 12, 123);
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or("1-5", 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or("1-1", 1);
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or("1-3,7,11-13,21", 1, 2, 3, 7, 11, 12, 13, 21);
+
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or__empty("1 2");			// NOTE: MW would gen 12; treat as invalid
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or__empty("1,");			// eos
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or__empty("1,,2");			// empty comma
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or__empty("1-");			// eos
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or__empty("3-1");			// bgn > end
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or__empty("1,a,2");
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or__empty("a-1,2");
+		fxt.Test__Parse_or__empty("-1");			// no rng bgn
+	}
+}
+class Int_ary__fxt {
+	public void Test__Parse_or__empty(String raw) {Tfds.Eq_ary(Int_ary_.Empty, Int_ary_.Parse_or(Bry_.new_a7(raw), Int_ary_.Empty));}
+	public void Test__Parse_or(String raw, int... expd) {Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, Int_ary_.Parse_or(Bry_.new_a7(raw), Int_ary_.Empty));}
+
+	public void Test__Parse(String raw, int reqd_len, int[] or, int... expd) {Gftest.Eq__ary(expd, Int_ary_.Parse(raw, reqd_len, or), "failed to parse: {0}", raw);}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Internal.java

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public @interface Internal {} 

100_core/src/gplx/Io_mgr.java

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.primitives.*; import gplx.core.ios.*; /*IoItmFil, IoItmDir..*/ import gplx.core.ios.streams.*; import gplx.core.ios.loaders.*;
+public class Io_mgr implements Gfo_evt_mgr_owner {	// exists primarily to gather all cmds under gplx namespace; otherwise need to use gplx.core.ios whenever copying/deleting file
+	public Io_mgr() {evt_mgr = new Gfo_evt_mgr(this);}
+	public Gfo_evt_mgr					Evt_mgr() {return evt_mgr;} private final    Gfo_evt_mgr evt_mgr;
+	public boolean							Exists(Io_url url) {return url.Type_dir() ? ExistsDir(url) : ExistsFil(url);}
+	public boolean							ExistsFil(Io_url url) {return IoEnginePool.Instance.Get_by(url.Info().EngineKey()).ExistsFil_api(url);}
+	public void							ExistsFilOrFail(Io_url url) {if (!ExistsFil(url)) throw Err_.new_wo_type("could not find file", "url", url);}
+	public void							SaveFilStr(String url, String text) {SaveFilStr_args(Io_url_.new_fil_(url), text).Exec();}
+	public void							SaveFilStr(Io_url url, String text) {SaveFilStr_args(url, text).Exec();}
+	public IoEngine_xrg_saveFilStr		SaveFilStr_args(Io_url url, String text) {return IoEngine_xrg_saveFilStr.new_(url, text);}
+	public void							AppendFilStr(String url, String text) {AppendFilStr(Io_url_.new_fil_(url), text);}
+	public void							AppendFilStr(Io_url url, String text) {SaveFilStr_args(url, text).Append_(true).Exec();}
+	public void							DeleteFil(Io_url url) {DeleteFil_args(url).Exec();}
+	public IoEngine_xrg_deleteFil		DeleteFil_args(Io_url url) {return IoEngine_xrg_deleteFil.new_(url);}
+	public void							MoveFil(Io_url src, Io_url trg) {IoEngine_xrg_xferFil.move_(src, trg).Exec();}
+	public IoEngine_xrg_xferFil			MoveFil_args(Io_url src, Io_url trg, boolean overwrite) {return IoEngine_xrg_xferFil.move_(src, trg).Overwrite_(overwrite);}
+	public void							CopyFil(Io_url src, Io_url trg, boolean overwrite) {IoEngine_xrg_xferFil.copy_(src, trg).Overwrite_(overwrite).Exec();}
+	public IoEngine_xrg_xferFil			CopyFil_args(Io_url src, Io_url trg, boolean overwrite) {return IoEngine_xrg_xferFil.copy_(src, trg).Overwrite_(overwrite);}
+	public IoRecycleBin					RecycleBin()	{return recycleBin;} private IoRecycleBin recycleBin = IoRecycleBin.Instance; 
+	public Io_loader					Loader() {return loader;} public void Loader_(Io_loader v) {this.loader = v;} private Io_loader loader;
+
+	public IoStream						OpenStreamWrite(Io_url url)		{return OpenStreamWrite_args(url).Exec();}
+	public IoEngine_xrg_openWrite		OpenStreamWrite_args(Io_url url) {return IoEngine_xrg_openWrite.new_(url);}
+	public IoItmFil						QueryFil(Io_url url) {return IoEnginePool.Instance.Get_by(url.Info().EngineKey()).QueryFil(url);}
+	public void							UpdateFilAttrib(Io_url url, IoItmAttrib attrib) {IoEnginePool.Instance.Get_by(url.Info().EngineKey()).UpdateFilAttrib(url, attrib);}
+	public void							UpdateFilModifiedTime(Io_url url, DateAdp modified) {IoEnginePool.Instance.Get_by(url.Info().EngineKey()).UpdateFilModifiedTime(url, modified);}
+
+	public boolean							ExistsDir(Io_url url) {return IoEnginePool.Instance.Get_by(url.Info().EngineKey()).ExistsDir(url);}
+	public void							CreateDir(Io_url url) {IoEnginePool.Instance.Get_by(url.Info().EngineKey()).CreateDir(url);}
+	public boolean							CreateDirIfAbsent(Io_url url) {
+		boolean exists = ExistsDir(url);
+		if (!exists) {
+			CreateDir(url);
+			return true;
+		}
+		return false;
+	}
+	public void Create_fil_ary(Io_fil[] fil_ary) {
+		for (Io_fil fil : fil_ary)
+			SaveFilStr(fil.Url(), fil.Data());
+	}
+	public Io_url[]						QueryDir_fils(Io_url dir) {return QueryDir_args(dir).ExecAsUrlAry();}
+	public IoEngine_xrg_queryDir		QueryDir_args(Io_url dir) {return IoEngine_xrg_queryDir.new_(dir);}
+	public void							DeleteDirSubs(Io_url url) {IoEngine_xrg_deleteDir.new_(url).Exec();}
+	public IoEngine_xrg_deleteDir		DeleteDir_cmd(Io_url url) {return IoEngine_xrg_deleteDir.new_(url);}
+	public void							DeleteDirDeep(Io_url url) {IoEngine_xrg_deleteDir.new_(url).Recur_().Exec();}
+	public void							DeleteDirDeep_ary(Io_url... urls) {for (Io_url url : urls) IoEngine_xrg_deleteDir.new_(url).Recur_().Exec();}
+	public int							Delete_dir_empty(Io_url url) {return Io_mgr_.Delete_dir_empty(url);}
+	public void							Delete_sub_by_wildcard() {
+	}
+	public boolean						Truncate_fil(Io_url url, long size) {return IoEnginePool.Instance.Get_by(url.Info().EngineKey()).Truncate_fil(url, size);}
+	public void							MoveDirDeep(Io_url src, Io_url trg) {IoEngine_xrg_xferDir.move_(src, trg).Recur_().Exec();}
+	public IoEngine_xrg_xferDir			CopyDir_cmd(Io_url src, Io_url trg) {return IoEngine_xrg_xferDir.copy_(src, trg);}
+	public void							CopyDirSubs(Io_url src, Io_url trg) {IoEngine_xrg_xferDir.copy_(src, trg).Exec();}
+	public void							CopyDirDeep(Io_url src, Io_url trg) {IoEngine_xrg_xferDir.copy_(src, trg).Recur_().Exec();}
+	public void DeleteDirIfEmpty(Io_url url) {
+		if (Array_.Len(QueryDir_fils(url)) == 0)
+			this.DeleteDirDeep(url);
+	}
+	public void AliasDir_sysEngine(String srcRoot, String trgRoot)			{AliasDir(srcRoot, trgRoot, IoEngine_.SysKey);}
+	public void AliasDir(String srcRoot, String trgRoot, String engineKey)	{IoUrlInfoRegy.Instance.Reg(IoUrlInfo_.alias_(srcRoot, trgRoot, engineKey));}
+	public IoStream						OpenStreamRead(Io_url url)			{return OpenStreamRead_args(url).ExecAsIoStreamOrFail();}
+	public IoEngine_xrg_openRead		OpenStreamRead_args(Io_url url)		{return IoEngine_xrg_openRead.new_(url);}
+	public String						LoadFilStr(String url)				{return LoadFilStr_args(Io_url_.new_fil_(url)).Exec();}
+	public String						LoadFilStr(Io_url url)				{return LoadFilStr_args(url).Exec();}
+	public IoEngine_xrg_loadFilStr		LoadFilStr_args(Io_url url)			{return IoEngine_xrg_loadFilStr.new_(url);}
+	public byte[]						LoadFilBryOrNull(Io_url url)		{return LoadFilBryOr(url, null);}
+	public byte[]						LoadFilBryOr(Io_url url, byte[] or) {return ExistsFil(url) ? LoadFilBry(url) : or;}
+	public byte[]						LoadFilBry(String url)				{return LoadFilBry_reuse(Io_url_.new_fil_(url), Bry_.Empty, Int_obj_ref.New_zero());}
+	public byte[]						LoadFilBry(Io_url url)				{return LoadFilBry_reuse(url, Bry_.Empty, Int_obj_ref.New_zero());}
+	public void							LoadFilBryByBfr(Io_url url, Bry_bfr bfr) {
+		Int_obj_ref len = Int_obj_ref.New_zero();
+		byte[] bry = LoadFilBry_reuse(url, Bry_.Empty, len);
+		bfr.Bfr_init(bry, len.Val());
+	}
+	public static final    byte[] LoadFilBry_fail = Bry_.Empty;
+	public byte[]						LoadFilBry_reuse(Io_url url, byte[] ary, Int_obj_ref ary_len) {
+		if (loader != null) {
+			byte[] rv = loader.Load_fil_as_bry(url);
+			if (rv != null) return rv;
+		}
+		if (!ExistsFil(url)) {
+			ary_len.Val_(0);
+			return LoadFilBry_fail;
+		}
+		IoStream stream = IoStream_.Null;
+		try {
+			stream = OpenStreamRead(url);
+			int stream_len = (int)stream.Len();
+			ary_len.Val_(stream_len);
+			if (stream_len > ary.length)
+				ary = new byte[stream_len];
+			stream.ReadAry(ary);
+			return ary;
+		}
+		catch (Exception e) {throw Err_.new_wo_type("failed to load file", "url", url.Xto_api(), "e", Err_.Message_lang(e));}
+		finally {stream.Rls();}
+	}
+	public byte[]						LoadFilBry_loose(Io_url url) {return Bry_.new_u8(LoadFilStr_loose(url));}
+	public String						LoadFilStr_loose(Io_url url) {
+		String rv = LoadFilStr_args(url).BomUtf8Convert_(Bool_.Y).MissingIgnored_(Bool_.Y).Exec();
+		if (String_.Has(rv, "\r\n"))
+			rv = String_.Replace(rv, "\r\n", "\n");
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public void AppendFilBfr(Io_url url, Bry_bfr bfr) {AppendFilByt(url, bfr.Bfr(), 0, bfr.Len()); bfr.ClearAndReset();}
+	public void AppendFilByt(Io_url url, byte[] val) {AppendFilByt(url, val, 0, val.length);}
+	public void AppendFilByt(Io_url url, byte[] val, int len) {AppendFilByt(url, val, 0, len);}
+	public void AppendFilByt(Io_url url, byte[] val, int bgn, int len) {
+		IoStream stream = IoStream_.Null;
+		try {
+			stream = OpenStreamWrite_args(url).Mode_(IoStream_.Mode_wtr_append).Exec();
+			stream.Write(val, bgn, len);
+		}	finally {stream.Rls();}
+	}
+	public void SaveFilBfr(Io_url url, Bry_bfr bfr) {SaveFilBry(url, bfr.Bfr(), bfr.Len()); bfr.Clear();}
+	public void SaveFilBry(String urlStr, byte[] val) {SaveFilBry(Io_url_.new_fil_(urlStr), val);}
+	public void SaveFilBry(Io_url url, byte[] val) {SaveFilBry(url, val, val.length);}
+	public void SaveFilBry(Io_url url, byte[] val, int len) {SaveFilBry(url, val, 0, len);}
+	public void SaveFilBry(Io_url url, byte[] val, int bgn, int len) {
+		IoStream stream = IoStream_.Null;
+		try {
+			stream = OpenStreamWrite(url);
+			stream.Write(val, bgn, len);
+		}	finally {stream.Rls();}
+	}
+	public IoEngine InitEngine_mem() {return IoEngine_.Mem_init_();}
+	public IoEngine InitEngine_mem_(String key) {
+		IoEngine engine = IoEngine_.mem_new_(key);
+		IoEnginePool.Instance.Add_if_dupe_use_nth(engine);
+		IoUrlInfoRegy.Instance.Reg(IoUrlInfo_.mem_(key, key));
+		return engine;
+	}
+	public boolean DownloadFil(String src, Io_url trg) {return IoEngine_xrg_downloadFil.new_(src, trg).Exec();}
+	public IoEngine_xrg_downloadFil DownloadFil_args(String src, Io_url trg) {return IoEngine_xrg_downloadFil.new_(src, trg);}
+	public static final    Io_mgr Instance = new Io_mgr();
+	public static final int Len_kb = 1024, Len_mb = 1048576, Len_gb = 1073741824, Len_gb_2 = 2147483647;
+	public static final long Len_mb_long = Len_mb;
+	public static final long Len_null = -1;
+	public static final    String Evt__fil_created = "fil_created";
+}
+class Io_mgr_ {
+	public static int Delete_dir_empty(Io_url url) {
+		IoItmDir dir = Io_mgr.Instance.QueryDir_args(url).ExecAsDir();
+		int sub_dirs_len = dir.SubDirs().Count();
+		int deleted_dirs = 0;
+		for (int i = 0; i < sub_dirs_len; ++i) {
+			IoItmDir sub_dir = (IoItmDir)dir.SubDirs().Get_at(i);
+			deleted_dirs += Io_mgr.Instance.Delete_dir_empty(sub_dir.Url());
+		}
+		if (	dir.SubFils().Count() == 0
+			&&	deleted_dirs == sub_dirs_len
+			) {
+			Io_mgr.Instance.DeleteDirIfEmpty(url);
+			return 1;
+		}
+		else
+			return 0;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Io_mgr__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Io_mgr__tst {
+	@Before public void init() {fxt.Clear();} private final Io_mgr__fxt fxt = new Io_mgr__fxt();
+	@Test   public void Dir_delete_empty__basic() {
+		fxt.Exec_itm_create("mem/dir/");
+		fxt.Exec_dir_delete_empty("mem/dir/");
+		fxt.Test_itm_exists_n("mem/dir/");
+	}
+	@Test   public void Dir_delete_empty__no_delete() {
+		fxt.Exec_itm_create
+		( "mem/dir/"
+		, "mem/dir/fil.txt"
+		);
+		fxt.Exec_dir_delete_empty("mem/dir/");
+		fxt.Test_itm_exists_y("mem/dir/");
+	}
+	@Test   public void Dir_delete_empty__nested_simple() {
+		fxt.Exec_itm_create
+		( "mem/dir/"
+		, "mem/dir/1/"
+		, "mem/dir/1/11/"
+		);
+		fxt.Exec_dir_delete_empty("mem/dir/");
+		fxt.Test_itm_exists_n("mem/dir/");
+	}
+	@Test   public void Dir_delete_empty__nested_many() {
+		fxt.Exec_itm_create
+		( "mem/dir/"
+		, "mem/dir/1/"
+		, "mem/dir/1/11/"
+		, "mem/dir/2/22/"
+		, "mem/dir/2/22/222a/"
+		, "mem/dir/2/22/222b/"
+		);
+		fxt.Exec_dir_delete_empty("mem/dir/");
+		fxt.Test_itm_exists_n("mem/dir/");
+	}
+	@Test   public void Dir_delete_empty__nested_some() {
+		fxt.Exec_itm_create
+		( "mem/dir/"
+		, "mem/dir/1/"
+		, "mem/dir/1/11/"
+		, "mem/dir/2/22/"
+		, "mem/dir/2/22/a.txt"
+		, "mem/dir/2/22/222a/"
+		, "mem/dir/2/22/222b/"
+		);
+		fxt.Exec_dir_delete_empty("mem/dir/");
+		fxt.Test_itm_exists_n
+		( "mem/dir/1/"
+		, "mem/dir/1/11/"
+		, "mem/dir/2/22/222a/"
+		, "mem/dir/2/22/222b/"
+		);
+		fxt.Test_itm_exists_y
+		( "mem/dir/"
+		, "mem/dir/2/22/"
+		);
+	}
+}
+class Io_mgr__fxt {
+	public void Clear() {Io_mgr.Instance.InitEngine_mem();}
+	public void Exec_itm_create(String... ary) {
+		for (String itm : ary) {
+			Io_url url = Io_url_.new_any_(itm);
+			if (url.Type_dir())
+				Io_mgr.Instance.CreateDir(url);
+			else
+				Io_mgr.Instance.SaveFilStr(url, url.NameAndExt());
+		}
+	}
+	public void Exec_dir_delete_empty(String url)		{Io_mgr.Instance.Delete_dir_empty(Io_url_.mem_dir_(url));}
+	public void Test_itm_exists_n(String... ary)	{Test_itm_exists(Bool_.N, ary);}
+	public void Test_itm_exists_y(String... ary)	{Test_itm_exists(Bool_.Y, ary);}
+	public void Test_itm_exists(boolean expd, String... ary) {
+		for (String itm : ary) {
+			Io_url url = Io_url_.new_any_(itm);
+			boolean actl = url.Type_dir() ? Io_mgr.Instance.ExistsDir(url) : Io_mgr.Instance.ExistsFil(url);
+			Tfds.Eq(expd, actl, itm);
+		}
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Io_url.java

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.strings.*; import gplx.core.ios.*; /*IoUrlInfo*/ import gplx.core.envs.*; import gplx.langs.htmls.*; import gplx.core.interfaces.*;
+public class Io_url implements CompareAble, ParseAble, Gfo_invk {	//_20101005 URL:doc/Io_url.txt
+	public IoUrlInfo Info() {return info;} IoUrlInfo info;
+	public String Raw() {return raw;} final    String raw;
+	public byte[] RawBry() {return Bry_.new_u8(raw);}
+	public String To_http_file_str() {return String_.Len_eq_0(raw) ? String_.Empty : String_.Concat	(Http_file_str, Http_file_str_encoder.Encode_str(raw));}
+	public byte[] To_http_file_bry() {return String_.Len_eq_0(raw) ? Bry_.Empty		: Bry_.Add		(Http_file_bry, Http_file_str_encoder.Encode_bry(raw));}
+	public static Url_encoder_interface Http_file_str_encoder = Url_encoder_interface_same.Instance;
+	public static final    String Http_file_str = "file:///";
+	public static final    int Http_file_len = String_.Len(Http_file_str);
+	public static final    byte[] Http_file_bry = Bry_.new_a7(Http_file_str);
+	public boolean Type_dir() {return info.IsDir(raw);} public boolean Type_fil() {return !info.IsDir(raw);}
+	public Io_url OwnerDir() {return Io_url_.new_inf_(info.OwnerDir(raw), info);}
+	public Io_url OwnerRoot() {return Io_url_.new_inf_(info.OwnerRoot(raw), info);}
+	public String NameAndExt() {return info.NameAndExt(raw);}
+	public String NameAndExt_noDirSpr() {return this.Type_dir() ? this.NameOnly() : this.NameAndExt();}
+	public String NameOnly() {return info.NameOnly(raw);}
+	public String Ext() {return info.Ext(raw);}
+	public String Xto_api() {return info.Xto_api(raw);}
+	public String XtoCaseNormalized() {return String_.CaseNormalize(info.CaseSensitive(), raw);}
+	public Io_url GenSubDir(String subDirName) {return Io_url_.new_inf_(String_.Concat(raw, subDirName, info.DirSpr()), info);}
+	public Io_url GenSubDir_nest(String... ary) {return GenSub(false, ary);}
+	public Io_url GenSubFil(String val) {return Io_url_.new_inf_(raw + val, info);}
+	public Io_url GenSubFil_ary(String... ary)	{return Io_url_.new_inf_(raw + String_.Concat(ary), info);}
+	public Io_url GenSubFil_nest(String... ary) {return GenSub(true, ary);}
+	public Io_url GenNewNameAndExt(String val)	{return this.OwnerDir().GenSubFil(val);}
+	public Io_url GenNewNameOnly(String val)	{return this.OwnerDir().GenSubFil(val + this.Ext());}
+	public Io_url GenNewExt(String val) {return this.OwnerDir().GenSubFil(this.NameOnly() + val);}
+	public String Gen_sub_path_for_os(String val) {
+		if (Op_sys.Cur().Tid_is_wnt()) val = String_.Replace(val, Op_sys.Lnx.Fsys_dir_spr_str(), Op_sys.Wnt.Fsys_dir_spr_str());
+		return raw + val;
+	}
+	public String GenRelUrl_orEmpty(Io_url dir) {
+		String dirRaw = dir.Raw();
+		return String_.Has_at_bgn(raw, dirRaw)
+			? String_.DelBgn(raw, String_.Len(dirRaw))
+			: String_.Empty;
+	}
+	public List_adp XtoNames() {
+		List_adp list = List_adp_.New();
+		Io_url cur = this;
+		while (!cur.EqNull()) {
+			list.Add(cur.NameAndExt_noDirSpr());
+			cur = cur.OwnerDir();
+		}
+		list.Reverse();
+		return list;
+	}
+	public Io_url GenParallel(Io_url oldRoot, Io_url newRoot) {return newRoot.GenSubFil_ary(GenRelUrl_orEmpty(oldRoot));}
+	public boolean Eq(Object obj)		{if (obj == null) return false; return String_.Eq(raw, ((Io_url)obj).raw);}
+	public boolean EqNull()			{return this.Eq(Io_url_.Empty);}
+	Io_url GenSub(boolean isFil, String[] ary) {
+		String_bldr sb = String_bldr_.new_().Add(raw);
+		int len = Array_.Len(ary);
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+			sb.Add(ary[i]);
+			if (isFil && i == len - 1) break;	// do not add closing backslash if last term
+			sb.Add(info.DirSpr());
+		}
+		return Io_url_.new_inf_(sb.To_str(), info);
+	}
+	public Object ParseAsObj(String raw) {return Io_url_.new_any_(raw);}
+	@Override public String toString()	{return raw;}
+	public int compareTo(Object obj)	{return CompareAble_.Compare_obj(raw, ((Io_url)obj).raw);}
+	@Override public boolean equals(Object obj) {return String_.Eq(raw, Io_url_.as_(obj).raw);}
+	@Override public int hashCode() {return raw.hashCode();}
+	@gplx.Internal protected Io_url(String raw, IoUrlInfo info) {this.raw = raw; this.info = info;}
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m) {
+		if		(ctx.Match(k, Invk_to_http_file))			return To_http_file_str();
+		else if	(ctx.Match(k, Invk_gen_sub_path_for_os))	return Gen_sub_path_for_os(m.ReadStr("v"));
+		else	return Gfo_invk_.Rv_unhandled;
+	}	static final String Invk_to_http_file = "to_http_file", Invk_gen_sub_path_for_os = "gen_sub_path_for_os";
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Io_url_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.ios.*; /*IoUrlInfo_*/ import gplx.core.stores.*; import gplx.core.envs.*;
+public class Io_url_ {
+	public static final    Io_url Empty = new Io_url("", IoUrlInfo_.Nil);
+	public static final    Io_url NullPtr = null;
+	public static final    Io_url Parser = new Io_url("", IoUrlInfo_.Nil);
+	public static Io_url as_(Object obj) {return obj instanceof Io_url ? (Io_url)obj : null;}
+	public static Io_url cast(Object obj) {try {return (Io_url)obj;} catch(Exception exc) {throw Err_.new_type_mismatch_w_exc(exc, Io_url.class, obj);}}
+	public static Io_url Usr() {
+		if (usr_dir == null) {
+			switch (Op_sys.Cur().Tid()) {
+				case Op_sys.Tid_wnt: usr_dir = Io_url_.new_inf_("C:\\", IoUrlInfo_.Wnt); break;
+				case Op_sys.Tid_lnx: usr_dir = Io_url_.new_inf_(String_.Format("/home/{0}/", System_.Prop__user_name()), IoUrlInfo_.Lnx); break;
+				case Op_sys.Tid_osx: usr_dir = Io_url_.new_inf_(String_.Format("/Users/{0}/", System_.Prop__user_name()), IoUrlInfo_.Lnx); break;
+				case Op_sys.Tid_drd: usr_dir = Io_url_.new_inf_(String_.Format("/mnt/{0}/", System_.Prop__user_name()), IoUrlInfo_.Lnx); break;
+				default: throw Err_.new_unhandled(Op_sys.Cur().Tid());
+			}
+		}
+		return usr_dir;
+	}	static Io_url usr_dir;
+	public static Io_url Usr_Gplx() {return Usr().GenSubDir("gplx");}
+	public static Io_url mem_dir_(String raw) {
+		raw = EndsWith_or_add(raw, Op_sys.Lnx.Fsys_dir_spr_str());
+		return new Io_url(raw, IoUrlInfoRegy.Instance.Match(raw));
+	}
+	public static Io_url mem_fil_(String raw) {return new_inf_(raw, IoUrlInfoRegy.Instance.Match(raw));}
+	public static Io_url wnt_fil_(String raw) {return new_inf_(raw, IoUrlInfo_.Wnt);}
+	public static Io_url wnt_dir_(String raw) {return new_inf_(EndsWith_or_add(raw, Op_sys.Wnt.Fsys_dir_spr_str()), IoUrlInfo_.Wnt);}
+	public static Io_url lnx_fil_(String raw) {return new_inf_(raw, IoUrlInfo_.Lnx);}
+	public static Io_url lnx_dir_(String raw) {return new_inf_(EndsWith_or_add(raw, Op_sys.Lnx.Fsys_dir_spr_str()), IoUrlInfo_.Lnx);}
+	public static Io_url new_fil_(String raw) {return new_any_(raw);}
+	public static Io_url new_dir_(String raw) {return new_any_(raw);}	// NOTE: for now, same as new_fil; stack overflow when doing new_dir
+	public static Io_url new_dir_infer(String raw) {return Op_sys.Cur().Tid_is_wnt() ? wnt_dir_(raw) : lnx_dir_(raw);}
+	public static Io_url new_any_(String raw) {return new_inf_(raw, IoUrlInfoRegy.Instance.Match(raw));}
+	public static Io_url new_inf_(String raw, IoUrlInfo info) {return String_.Eq(raw, "") ? Io_url_.Empty : new Io_url(raw, info);}
+	public static Io_url New__http_or_fail(String raw) {return New__http_or_fail(Bry_.new_u8(raw));}
+	public static Io_url New__http_or_fail(byte[] raw) {
+		Io_url rv = New__http_or_null(raw);
+		if (rv == null) throw Err_.new_wo_type("url:invalid http_file raw", "raw", raw);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static Io_url New__http_or_null(String raw) {return New__http_or_null(Bry_.new_u8(raw));}
+	public static Io_url New__http_or_null(byte[] raw) {
+		int len = raw.length;
+		if (!Bry_.Has_at_bgn(raw, Io_url.Http_file_bry, 0, len)) return null;	// doesn't start with "file:///"; return null;
+
+		// bld rv; note that wnt has to convert / to \
+		byte[] rv = null;
+		if (Op_sys.Cur().Tid_is_wnt()) {
+			int rv_len = len - Io_url.Http_file_len;
+			rv = new byte[rv_len];
+			for (int i = 0; i < rv_len; ++i) {
+				byte b = raw[i + Io_url.Http_file_len];
+				if (b == Op_sys.Dir_spr__lnx) b = Op_sys.Dir_spr__wnt;
+				rv[i] = b;
+			}
+		}
+		else
+			rv = Bry_.Mid(raw, Io_url.Http_file_len);
+		return rv == null ? null : new_any_(String_.new_u8(rv));
+	}
+
+	public static Io_url store_orFail_(SrlMgr mgr, String key, Io_url v) {
+		String s = mgr.SrlStrOr(key, v.Raw());
+		return (mgr.Type_rdr()) ? Io_url_.new_any_(s) : v;
+	}
+	public static Io_url store_orSelf_(SrlMgr mgr, String key, Io_url v) {
+		String s = mgr.SrlStrOr(key, v.Raw());
+		return (mgr.Type_rdr()) ? Io_url_.new_any_(s) : v;
+	}
+	public static Io_url rdrOr_(DataRdr rdr, String key, Io_url or) {
+		String val = rdr.ReadStrOr(key, null); if (val == null) return or; // NOTE: val == null also checks for rdr == DataRdr_.Null
+		return Io_url_.new_any_(val);
+	}
+	static String EndsWith_or_add(String raw, String endsWith) {
+		if (String_.Has_at_end(raw, endsWith)) return raw;
+		return raw += endsWith;
+	}
+	public static Io_url Rel_dir(String s) {return IsAbs(s) ? Io_url_.new_dir_(s) : Env_.AppUrl().OwnerDir().GenSubDir(s);}
+	public static Io_url Rel_fil(String s) {return IsAbs(s) ? Io_url_.new_fil_(s) : Env_.AppUrl().OwnerDir().GenSubFil(s);}
+	static boolean IsAbs(String s) {
+		return String_.Has_at_bgn(s, Op_sys.Lnx.Fsys_dir_spr_str())
+			|| (String_.Len(s) > 2
+				&& (	(String_.CharAt(s, 1) == ':'  && String_.CharAt(s, 2) == '\\')
+					||	(String_.CharAt(s, 1) == '\\' && String_.CharAt(s, 2) == '\\')
+					)
+				);
+	}
+	public static Io_url[] Ary(String... ary) {
+		int len = ary.length;
+		Io_url[] rv = new Io_url[len];
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+			rv[i] = Io_url_.new_any_(ary[i]);
+		return rv;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Io_url__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*; import gplx.core.tests.*; import gplx.core.envs.*;
+public class Io_url__tst {
+	@Before public void init() {fxt.Clear();} private final    Io_url__fxt fxt = new Io_url__fxt();
+	@Test   public void Basic__lnx()	{fxt.Test__New__http_or_null(Bool_.N, "file:///C:/a.txt", "C:/a.txt");}
+	@Test   public void Basic__wnt()	{fxt.Test__New__http_or_null(Bool_.Y, "file:///C:/a.txt", "C:\\a.txt");}
+	@Test   public void Null()			{fxt.Test__New__http_or_null(Bool_.N, "C:/a.txt", null);}
+}
+class Io_url__fxt {
+	public void Clear() {Io_mgr.Instance.InitEngine_mem();}
+	public void Test__New__http_or_null(boolean os_is_wnt, String raw, String expd) {
+		Op_sys.Cur_(os_is_wnt ? Op_sys.Tid_wnt : Op_sys.Tid_lnx);
+		Gftest.Eq__obj_or_null(expd, Io_url_.New__http_or_null(raw));
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Keyval.java

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Keyval implements To_str_able {
+	@gplx.Internal protected Keyval(int key_tid, Object key, Object val) {this.key_tid = key_tid; this.key = key; this.val = val;}
+	public String	Key() {return Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null(key);}
+	public Object	Key_as_obj() {return key;} private Object key;
+	public int		Key_tid() {return key_tid;} private int key_tid;
+	public Object	Val() {return val;} private Object val;
+	public String	Val_to_str_or_empty() {return Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_empty(val);}
+	public String	Val_to_str_or_null() {return Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null(val);}
+	public byte[]	Val_to_bry() {return Bry_.new_u8(Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null(val));}
+	public Keyval	Key_(Object v) {this.key = v; return this;}
+	public Keyval	Val_(Object v) {this.val = v; return this;} 
+	public String	To_str() {return Key() + "=" + Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null_mark(val);}
+	@Override public String toString() {return To_str();}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Keyval_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.strings.*;
+public class Keyval_ {
+	public static final    Keyval[] Ary_empty = new Keyval[0];
+	public static Keyval[] Ary(Keyval... ary) {return ary;}
+	public static Keyval[] Ary_cast_(Object o) {
+		try {return (Keyval[])o;}
+		catch (Exception e) {throw Err_.new_cast(e, Keyval.class, o);}
+	}
+	public static Keyval[] Ary_insert(Keyval[] orig, boolean insert_at_end, Keyval... vals) {
+		int orig_len = orig.length, vals_len = vals.length;
+		int rv_len = orig_len + vals_len;
+		Keyval[] rv = new Keyval[rv_len];
+		int vals_bgn = 0		, vals_end = vals_len;
+		int orig_bgn = vals_len	, orig_end = rv_len;
+		if (insert_at_end) {
+			orig_bgn = 0		; orig_end = orig_len;
+			vals_bgn = orig_len	; vals_end = rv_len;
+		}
+		for (int i = orig_bgn; i < orig_end; i++)
+			rv[i] = orig[i - orig_bgn];
+		for (int i = vals_bgn; i < vals_end; i++)
+			rv[i] = vals[i - vals_bgn];
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static String Ary_to_str(Keyval... ary) {
+		String_bldr sb = String_bldr_.new_();
+		int len = ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+			Keyval itm = ary[i];
+			if (itm == null) {
+				sb.Add("<<NULL>>");
+				continue;
+			}
+			sb.Add(itm.Key()).Add("=");
+			Object itm_val = itm.Val();
+			if (Type_.Eq_by_obj(itm_val, Keyval[].class))
+				sb.Add(Ary_to_str((Keyval[])itm_val));
+			else
+				sb.Add(Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null_mark(itm_val));
+			sb.Add_char_nl();
+		}
+		return sb.To_str();
+	}
+	public static Object Ary_get_by_key_or_null(Keyval[] ary, String key) {
+		int len = ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+			Keyval kv = ary[i];
+			if (String_.Eq(kv.Key(), key)) return kv.Val();
+		}
+		return null;
+	}
+	public static String Ary__to_str__nest(Keyval... ary) {
+		Bry_bfr bfr = Bry_bfr_.New();
+		Ary__to_str__nest(bfr, 0, ary);
+		return bfr.To_str_and_clear();
+	}
+	private static void Ary__to_str__nest(Bry_bfr bfr, int indent, Keyval[] ary) {
+		int len = ary.length;
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+			Keyval itm = ary[i];
+			if (indent > 0)
+				bfr.Add_byte_repeat(Byte_ascii.Space, indent * 2);					// add indent	: "  "
+			bfr.Add_str_u8(Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_empty(itm.Key())).Add_byte_eq();// add key + eq : "key="
+			Object val = itm.Val();
+			if (val == null)
+				bfr.Add_str_a7(String_.Null_mark);
+			else {
+				Class<?> val_type = Type_.Type_by_obj(val);
+				if		(Type_.Eq(val_type, Keyval[].class)) {				// val is Keyval[]; recurse
+					bfr.Add_byte_nl();												// add nl		: "\n"
+					Ary__to_str__nest(bfr, indent + 1, (Keyval[])val);
+					continue;														// don't add \n below
+				}
+				else if (Type_.Eq(val_type, Bool_.Cls_ref_type)) {					// val is boolean
+					boolean val_as_bool = Bool_.Cast(val);
+					bfr.Add(val_as_bool ? Bool_.True_bry : Bool_.False_bry);		// add "true" or "false"; don't call toString
+				}
+				else
+					bfr.Add_str_u8(Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null_mark(val));						// call toString()
+			}
+			bfr.Add_byte_nl();
+		}
+	}
+	public static Keyval as_(Object obj) {return obj instanceof Keyval ? (Keyval)obj : null;}
+	public static Keyval new_(String key)				{return new Keyval(Type_ids_.Id__str, key, key);}
+	public static Keyval new_(String key, Object val)	{return new Keyval(Type_ids_.Id__str, key, val);}
+	public static Keyval int_(int key, Object val)		{return new Keyval(Type_ids_.Id__int, key, val);}
+	public static Keyval obj_(Object key, Object val)	{return new Keyval(Type_ids_.Id__obj, key, val);}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Keyval_hash.java

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Keyval_hash {
+	private final    Ordered_hash hash = Ordered_hash_.New();
+	public int			Count()				{return hash.Count();}
+	public int			Len()				{return hash.Count();}
+	public Keyval_hash	Clear()				{hash.Clear(); return this;}
+	public boolean			Has(String key)		{return hash.Has(key);}
+	public Keyval		Get_at(int i)		{return (Keyval)hash.Get_at(i);}
+	public Object		Get_val_or(String key, Object or) {Keyval rv = Get_kvp_or_null(key); return rv == null ? or : rv.Val();}
+	public Object		Get_val_or_null(String key) {return Get_val_or(key, null);}
+	public Object		Get_val_or_fail(String key) {return Keyval_.as_(hash.Get_by_or_fail(key)).Val();}
+	public String		Get_val_as_str_or_fail(String key) {return (String)Get_val_or_fail(key);}
+	public Keyval		Get_kvp_or_null(String key) {return Keyval_.as_(hash.Get_by(key));}
+	public Keyval_hash	Add(Keyval kv)				{hash.Add(kv.Key(), kv); return this;}
+	public Keyval_hash	Add(String key, Object val) {hash.Add(key, Keyval_.new_(key, val)); return this;}
+	public Keyval_hash	Add_if_dupe_use_nth(String key, Object val) {hash.Add_if_dupe_use_nth(key, Keyval_.new_(key, val)); return this;}
+	public void			Del(String key) {hash.Del(key);}
+	public Keyval[]		To_ary() {
+		int len = this.Count();
+		Keyval[] rv = new Keyval[len];
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+			rv[i] = this.Get_at(i);
+		return rv;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Keyval_list.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Keyval_list {
+	public int				Count() {return list.Count();} private final    List_adp list = List_adp_.New();
+	public void				Clear() {list.Clear();}
+	public Keyval			Get_at(int i) {return (Keyval)list.Get_at(i);}
+	public Keyval_list		Add(String key, Object val) {list.Add(Keyval_.new_(key, val)); return this;}
+	public Keyval[]			To_ary() {return (Keyval[])list.To_ary(Keyval.class);}
+	public String To_str() {
+		Bry_bfr bfr = Bry_bfr_.New();
+		int len = list.Count();
+		for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+			Keyval kv = (Keyval)list.Get_at(i);
+			if (i == 0) bfr.Add_byte_space();
+			bfr.Add_str_u8(kv.Key()).Add_byte_eq().Add_str_u8(kv.Val_to_str_or_empty());
+		}
+		return bfr.To_str_and_clear();
+	}
+	public static Keyval_list New_with_one(String key, Object val) {return new Keyval_list().Add(key, val);}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/List_adp.java

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.lists.*; /*EnumerAble,ComparerAble*/
+public interface List_adp extends EnumerAble, List_adp__getable {
+	int Count();
+	Object Get_at_last();
+	void Add(Object o);
+	void Add_at(int i, Object o);
+	void Add_many(Object... ary);
+	void Del(Object o);
+	void Del_at(int i);
+	void Del_range(int bgn, int end);
+	void Clear();
+	int Idx_of(Object o);
+	int Idx_last();
+	Object To_ary(Class<?> memberType);
+	Object To_ary_and_clear(Class<?> memberType);
+	String[] To_str_ary();
+	String[] To_str_ary_and_clear();
+	String To_str();
+	Object[] To_obj_ary();
+	void Resize_bounds(int i);
+	void Move_to(int src, int trg);
+	void Reverse();
+	void Sort();
+	void Sort_by(ComparerAble comparer);
+	void Shuffle();
+}
+class List_adp_obj extends List_adp_base implements List_adp {
+	public List_adp_obj() {super();}
+	public List_adp_obj(int v) {super(v);}
+}
+class List_adp_noop implements List_adp {
+	public int Count() {return 0;}
+	public int Len() {return 0;}
+	public Object Get_at(int i) {return null;}
+	public Object Get_at_last() {return null;}
+	public Object PopLast() {return null;}
+	public void Add(Object o) {}
+	public void Add_at(int i, Object o) {}
+	public void Add_many(Object... ary) {}
+	public void Del(Object o) {}
+	public void Del_at(int i) {}
+	public void Del_range(int bgn, int end) {}
+	public void Clear() {}
+	public int Idx_last() {return -1;}
+	public int Idx_of(Object o) {return List_adp_.Not_found;}
+	public void Move_to(int elemPos, int newPos) {}
+	public void Resize_bounds(int i) {}
+	public Object To_ary(Class<?> memberType) {return Object_.Ary_empty;}
+	public Object To_ary_and_clear(Class<?> memberType) {return Object_.Ary_empty;}
+	public String[] To_str_ary() {return String_.Ary_empty;}
+	public String[] To_str_ary_and_clear() {return To_str_ary();}
+	public String To_str() {return "";}
+	public Object[] To_obj_ary() {return Object_.Ary_empty;}
+	public java.util.Iterator iterator() {return Iterator_null.Instance;}
+	public void Reverse() {}
+	public void Sort() {}
+	public void Sort_by(ComparerAble comparer) {}
+	public void Shuffle() {}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/List_adp_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.lists.*;
+public class List_adp_ {
+	public static final    List_adp Noop = new List_adp_noop();
+	public static List_adp New()					{return new List_adp_obj();}
+	public static List_adp New_w_size(int v)		{return new List_adp_obj(v);}
+	public static List_adp New_by_many(Object... ary) {
+		List_adp rv = new List_adp_obj();
+		rv.Add_many(ary);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static void Del_at_last(List_adp list) {list.Del_at(list.Count() - 1);}
+	public static Object Pop(List_adp list) {
+		int lastIdx = list.Count() - 1;
+		Object rv = list.Get_at(lastIdx);
+		list.Del_at(lastIdx);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static Object Pop_first(List_adp list) {	// NOTE: dirty way of implementing FIFO queue; should not be used with lists with many members
+		Object rv = list.Get_at(0);
+		list.Del_at(0);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static Object Pop_last(List_adp list) {
+		int last_idx = list.Count() - 1;
+		Object rv = list.Get_at(last_idx);
+		list.Del_at(last_idx);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static Object Pop_or(List_adp list, Object or) {
+		int list_len = list.Count(); if (list_len == 0) return or;
+		int last_idx = list_len - 1;
+		Object rv = list.Get_at(last_idx);
+		list.Del_at(last_idx);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static final    int Not_found = -1, Base1 = 1;
+}

100_core/src/gplx/List_adp_base.java

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import gplx.core.strings.*; import gplx.core.lists.*;
+public abstract class List_adp_base implements List_adp, Gfo_invk {
+	private Object[] list; private int count;
+	public List_adp_base(int capacity) {
+		this.list = new Object[capacity];
+	}
+	public java.util.Iterator iterator() {
+		if (count == 0)
+			return Iterator_null.Instance;
+		else
+			return new Iterator_objAry(list, count);
+	}
+	public void Add_many(Object... ary) {for (Object o : ary) Add_base(o);}
+	public int Len() {return count;}
+	public int Count() {return count;}
+	public int Idx_last() {return count - 1;}
+	protected Object Get_at_base(int index) {if (index >= count || index < 0) throw Err_.new_missing_idx(index, count);
+		return list[index];
+	}
+	protected void Add_base(Object o) {
+		if (count == Array_.Len_obj(list)) Resize_expand();
+		list[count] = o;
+		count++;
+	}
+	protected int Del_base(Object o) {
+		int index = IndexOf_base(o); if (index == List_adp_.Not_found) return List_adp_.Not_found;
+		this.Del_at(index);
+		return index;
+	}
+	public void Del_range(int delBgn, int delEnd) {
+		BoundsChk(delBgn, delEnd, count);
+		if (delBgn == 0 && delEnd == count - 1) {	// entire list deleted; call .Clear, else will have 0 elem array
+			this.Clear();
+			return;
+		}
+		int delLen = (delEnd - delBgn) + 1; // EX: 0,2 creates 3 len ary
+		int newLen = count - delLen;
+		Object[] newList = new Object[newLen];
+		if (delBgn != 0)			// copy elements < delBgn; skip if delBgn == 0
+			Array_.Copy_to(list, 0, newList, 0, delBgn);
+		if (delEnd != count -1 )	// copy elements > delEnd; skip if delEnd == lastIdx			
+			Array_.Copy_to(list, delEnd + 1, newList, delBgn, newLen - delBgn);
+		list = newList;
+		count = list.length;
+	}
+	protected int IndexOf_base(Object o) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+			if (Object_.Eq(list[i], o)) return i;
+		return List_adp_.Not_found;
+	}
+	@gplx.Virtual public void Clear() {
+		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+			list[i] = null;
+		count = 0;
+	}
+	@gplx.Virtual public void Del_at(int index) {if (index >= count || index < 0) throw Err_.new_missing_idx(index, count);
+		Collapse(index);
+		count--;
+	}
+	public void Move_to(int src, int trg) {if (src >= count || src < 0) throw Err_.new_missing_idx(src, count); if (trg >= count || trg < 0) throw Err_.new_missing_idx(trg, count);
+		if (src == trg) return;	// position not changed
+		Object o = list[src];
+		int dif = trg > src ? 1 : -1;
+		for (int i = src; i != trg; i += dif) 
+			list[i] = list[i + dif];
+		list[trg] = o;
+	}
+	protected void AddAt_base(int pos, Object o) {
+		if (count + 1 >= Array_.Len_obj(list)) Resize_expand();
+		for (int i = count; i > pos; i--)
+			list[i] = list[i - 1];
+		list[pos] = o;
+		count = count + 1;
+	}
+	public void Resize_bounds(int i) {
+		Resize_expand(i);
+	}
+	public void Sort() {Sort_by(null);}
+	public void Sort_by(ComparerAble comparer) {List_adp_sorter.new_().Sort(list, count, true, comparer);}
+	public void Reverse() {
+		int mid = count / 2;				// no need to reverse pivot; ex: for 3 elements, only 1 and 3 need to be exchanged; 2 stays inplace
+		for (int lhs = 0; lhs < mid; lhs++) {
+			int rhs = count - lhs - 1;		// -1 b/c list[count] is not real element
+			Object temp = list[lhs];
+			list[lhs] = list[rhs];
+			list[rhs] = temp;
+		}
+	}
+	@gplx.Virtual public void Shuffle() {// REF: Fisher-Yates shuffle
+		RandomAdp random = RandomAdp_.new_();
+		for (int i = count; i > 1; i--) {
+			int rndIdx = random.Next(i);
+			Object tmp = list[rndIdx];
+			list[rndIdx] = list[i-1];
+			list[i-1] = tmp;
+		}
+	}
+	public Object Get_at(int i) {return Get_at_base(i);}
+	public Object Get_at_last() {if (count == 0) throw Err_.new_invalid_op("cannot call Get_at_last on empty list"); return Get_at_base(count - 1);}
+	public void Add(Object item) {Add_base(item);}
+	public void Add_at(int i, Object o) {AddAt_base(i, o);}
+	public void Del(Object item) {Del_base(item);}
+	public int Idx_of(Object o) {return IndexOf_base(o);}
+	public List_adp_base() {
+		list = new Object[Len_initial];
+	}
+	private static final int Len_initial = 8;
+	public Object To_ary_and_clear(Class<?> memberType) {Object rv = To_ary(memberType); this.Clear(); return rv;}
+	public Object To_ary(Class<?> memberType) {
+		Object rv = Array_.Create(memberType, count);
+		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+			Array_.Set_at(rv, i, list[i]);
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public String[] To_str_ary_and_clear() {String[] rv = To_str_ary(); this.Clear(); return rv;}
+	public String[] To_str_ary() {return (String[])To_ary(String.class);}
+	public Object[] To_obj_ary() {
+		Object[] rv = new Object[count];
+		for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+			rv[i] = list[i];
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public String To_str() {
+		Bry_bfr bfr = Bry_bfr_.New();
+		for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+			bfr.Add_str_u8(Object_.Xto_str_strict_or_null_mark(list[i])).Add_byte_nl();
+		return bfr.To_str_and_clear();
+	}
+	private void BoundsChk(int bgn, int end, int len) {
+		if (	bgn >= 0 && bgn < len
+			&&	end >= 0 && end < len
+			&&	bgn <= end
+			)	return;
+		throw Err_.new_wo_type("bounds check failed", "bgn", bgn, "end", end, "len", len);
+	}
+	void Resize_expand() {Resize_expand(count * 2);}
+	void Resize_expand(int newCount) {
+		Object[] trg = new Object[newCount];
+		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+			trg[i] = list[i];
+			list[i] = null;
+		}
+		list = trg;
+	}
+	void Collapse(int index) {
+		for (int i = index; i < count; i++) {
+			list[i] = (i == count - 1) ? null : list[i + 1];
+		}
+	}
+	@gplx.Internal protected int Capacity() {return Array_.Len_obj(list);}
+	public Object Invk(GfsCtx ctx, int ikey, String k, GfoMsg m) {
+		if		(ctx.Match(k, Invk_len))			return count;
+		else if	(ctx.Match(k, Invk_get_at))			return Get_at(m.ReadInt("v"));
+		else	return Gfo_invk_.Rv_unhandled;
+//			return this;
+	}	private static final String Invk_len = "len", Invk_get_at = "get_at";
+}

100_core/src/gplx/List_adp_tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class List_adp_tst {
+	@Before public void setup() {
+		list = List_adp_.New();
+		listBase = (List_adp_base)list;
+	}	List_adp list; List_adp_base listBase;
+	@Test  public void Add() {
+		Tfds.Eq(0, list.Count());
+
+		list.Add("0");
+		Tfds.Eq(1, list.Count());
+	}
+	@Test  public void Add_changeCapacity() {
+		int capacity = 8;
+		for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++)
+			list.Add("0");
+		Tfds.Eq(capacity, list.Count());
+		Tfds.Eq(capacity, listBase.Capacity());
+
+		list.Add(capacity);	// forces resize
+		Tfds.Eq(capacity + 1, list.Count());
+		Tfds.Eq(capacity * 2, listBase.Capacity());
+	}
+	@Test  public void Get_at() {
+		list.Add("0");
+
+		Tfds.Eq("0", list.Get_at(0));
+	}
+	@Test  public void Fetch_many() {
+		list_AddMany("0", "1");
+
+		Tfds.Eq("0", list.Get_at(0));
+		Tfds.Eq("1", list.Get_at(1));
+	}
+	@Test  public void FetchAt_fail() {
+		try {list.Get_at(0);}
+		catch (Exception exc) {Err_.Noop(exc); return;}
+		Tfds.Fail("Get_at should fail for out of bound index");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Del_at() {
+		list.Add("0");
+		Tfds.Eq(1, list.Count());
+
+		list.Del_at(0);
+		Tfds.Eq(0, list.Count());
+	}
+	@Test  public void DelAt_shiftDown() {
+		list_AddMany("0", "1");
+		Tfds.Eq(list.Count(), 2);
+
+		list.Del_at(0);
+		Tfds.Eq(1, list.Count());
+		Tfds.Eq("1", list.Get_at(0));
+	}
+	@Test  public void DelAt_fail() {
+		try {list.Del_at(0);}
+		catch (Exception exc) {Err_.Noop(exc); return;}
+		Tfds.Fail("Del_at should fail for out of bound index");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Del() {
+		list.Add("0");
+		Tfds.Eq(1, list.Count());
+
+		list.Del("0");
+		Tfds.Eq(0, list.Count());
+	}
+	@Test  public void Del_matchMember() {
+		list_AddMany("0", "1");
+		Tfds.Eq(2, list.Count());
+
+		list.Del("1");
+		Tfds.Eq(1, list.Count());
+		Tfds.Eq("0", list.Get_at(0));
+	}
+	@Test  public void Del_matchFirst() {
+		list_AddMany("0", "1", "0");
+		Tfds.Eq(3, list.Count());
+
+		list.Del("0");
+		tst_Enumerator("1", "0");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Enumerator() {
+		list_AddMany("0", "1", "2");
+		tst_Enumerator("0", "1", "2");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Enumerator_stateLess() { // run 2x, to confirm no state is being cached
+		list_AddMany("0", "1", "2");
+		tst_Enumerator("0", "1", "2");
+		tst_Enumerator("0", "1", "2"); 
+	}
+	@Test  public void Enumerator_recursive() { // confirm separate enumerator objects are used
+		int pos = 0;
+		list_AddMany("0", "1", "2");
+		for (Object valObj : list) {
+			String val = (String)valObj;
+			Tfds.Eq(Int_.To_str(pos++), val);
+			tst_Enumerator("0", "1", "2");
+		}
+	}
+	@Test  public void Clear() {
+		int capacity = 8;
+		for (int i = 0; i < capacity + 1; i++)
+			list.Add("0");
+		Tfds.Eq(capacity * 2, listBase.Capacity());
+
+		list.Clear();
+		Tfds.Eq(0, list.Count());
+		Tfds.Eq(16, listBase.Capacity()); // check that capacity has increased
+	}
+	@Test  public void Clear_empty() { // confirm no failure
+		list.Clear();
+		Tfds.Eq(0, list.Count());
+	}
+	@Test  public void Reverse() {
+		list_AddMany("0", "1", "2");
+		
+		list.Reverse();
+		tst_Enumerator("2", "1", "0");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Reverse_empty() {list.Reverse();}
+	@Test  public void Sort() {
+		list_AddMany("2", "0", "1");
+		
+		list.Sort();
+		tst_Enumerator("0", "1", "2");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Sort_empty() {list.Sort();}
+	@Test  public void Xto_bry() {
+		list_AddMany("0", "1");
+		String[] ary = (String[])list.To_ary(String.class);
+		Tfds.Eq_nullNot(ary);
+		Tfds.Eq(2, Array_.Len(ary));
+	}
+	@Test  public void XtoAry_empty() {
+		String[] ary = (String[])list.To_ary(String.class);
+		Tfds.Eq_nullNot(ary);
+		Tfds.Eq(0, Array_.Len(ary));
+	}
+	@Test  public void Shuffle() {
+		for (int i = 0; i < 25; i++)
+			list.Add(i);
+
+		list.Shuffle();
+		int hasMovedCount = 0;
+		for (int i = 0; i < list.Count(); i++) {
+			int val = Int_.Cast(list.Get_at(i));
+			if (val != i) hasMovedCount++;
+		}
+		Tfds.Eq_true(hasMovedCount > 0, "all documents have the same index");	// NOTE: may still fail occasionally (1%)
+
+		int count = list.Count();
+		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+			list.Del(i);
+		Tfds.Eq(0, list.Count(), "shuffled list does not have the same contents as original list");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Shuffle_empty() {list.Shuffle();}
+	@Test  public void Move_to() {
+		run_ClearAndAdd("0", "1", "2").run_MoveTo(0, 1).tst_Order("1", "0", "2");
+		run_ClearAndAdd("0", "1", "2").run_MoveTo(0, 2).tst_Order("1", "2", "0");
+		run_ClearAndAdd("0", "1", "2").run_MoveTo(2, 1).tst_Order("0", "2", "1");
+		run_ClearAndAdd("0", "1", "2").run_MoveTo(2, 0).tst_Order("2", "0", "1");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Del_range() {
+		run_ClearAndAdd("0", "1", "2", "3").tst_DelRange(0, 2, "3");
+		run_ClearAndAdd("0", "1", "2", "3").tst_DelRange(0, 3);
+		run_ClearAndAdd("0", "1", "2", "3").tst_DelRange(1, 2, "0", "3");
+		run_ClearAndAdd("0", "1", "2", "3").tst_DelRange(1, 3, "0");
+		run_ClearAndAdd("0", "1", "2", "3").tst_DelRange(0, 3);
+		run_ClearAndAdd("0", "1", "2", "3").tst_DelRange(0, 0, "1", "2", "3");
+	}
+	void tst_DelRange(int bgn, int end, String... expd) {
+		list.Del_range(bgn, end);
+		Tfds.Eq_ary_str(expd, list.To_str_ary());
+	}
+	List_adp_tst run_ClearAndAdd(String... ary) {
+		list.Clear();
+		for (int i = 0; i < Array_.Len(ary); i++) {
+			String val = ary[i];
+			list.Add(val);
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+	List_adp_tst run_MoveTo(int elemPos, int newPos) {list.Move_to(elemPos, newPos); return this;}
+	List_adp_tst tst_Order(String... expd) {
+		String[] actl = (String[])list.To_ary(String.class);
+		Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, actl);
+		return this;
+	}
+	void list_AddMany(String... ary) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < Array_.Len(ary); i++) {
+			String val = ary[i];
+			list.Add(val);
+		}
+	}
+	void tst_Enumerator(String... expd) {
+		int pos = 0;
+		int expdLength = Array_.Len(expd);
+		for (int i = 0; i < expdLength; i++) {
+			String val = expd[i];
+			Tfds.Eq(expd[pos++], val);
+		}
+		Tfds.Eq(pos, expdLength);
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Long_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Long_ {
+	public static final String Cls_val_name = "long";
+	public static final    Class<?> Cls_ref_type = Long.class; 
+	public static final int Log10Ary_len = 21;
+	public static long[] Log10Ary = new long[] 
+  			{ 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000
+		, 100000, 1000000, 10000000, 100000000, 1000000000
+  			, Long_.Pow(10, 10), Long_.Pow(10, 11), Long_.Pow(10, 12), Long_.Pow(10, 13), Long_.Pow(10, 14)
+  			, Long_.Pow(10, 15), Long_.Pow(10, 16), Long_.Pow(10, 17), Long_.Pow(10, 18), Long_.Pow(10, 19)
+  			, Long_.Max_value
+  			};
+	public static long parse(String raw)			{try {return Long.parseLong(raw);} catch(Exception e) {throw Err_.new_parse_exc(e, long.class, raw);}} 
+	public static long cast(Object obj) {try {return (Long)obj;} catch(Exception e) {throw Err_.new_type_mismatch_w_exc(e, long.class, obj);}}
+	public static long coerce_(Object v) {
+		try {String s = String_.as_(v); return s == null ? Long_.cast(v) : Long_.parse(s);}
+		catch (Exception e) {throw Err_.new_cast(e, long.class, v);}
+	}
+	public static String To_str(long v) {return Long.toString(v);}	
+	public static String To_str_PadBgn(long v, int reqdPlaces) {return String_.Pad(To_str(v), reqdPlaces, "0", true);}	// ex: 1, 3 returns 001
+	public static long parse_or(String raw, long or) {
+		if (raw == null) return or;
+		try {
+			int rawLen = String_.Len(raw);
+			if (raw == null || rawLen == 0) return or;
+			long rv = 0, factor = 1; int tmp = 0;
+			for (int i = rawLen; i > 0; i--) {
+				tmp = Char_.To_int_or(String_.CharAt(raw, i - 1), Int_.Min_value);
+				if (tmp == Int_.Min_value) return or;
+				rv += (tmp * factor);
+				factor *= 10;
+			}
+			return rv;
+		} catch (Exception e) {Err_.Noop(e); return or;}
+	}
+	public static int Compare(long lhs, long rhs) {
+		if		(lhs == rhs) 	return CompareAble_.Same;
+		else if (lhs < rhs)		return CompareAble_.Less;
+		else 					return CompareAble_.More;
+	}
+ 		private static int FindIdx(long[] ary, long find_val) {
+		int ary_len = ary.length;
+		int adj = 1;
+		int prv_pos = 0;
+		int prv_len = ary_len;
+		int cur_len = 0;
+		int cur_idx = 0;
+		long cur_val = 0;
+		while (true) {
+			cur_len = prv_len / 2;
+			if (prv_len % 2 == 1) ++cur_len;
+			cur_idx = prv_pos + (cur_len * adj);
+			if		(cur_idx < 0)			cur_idx = 0;
+			else if (cur_idx >= ary_len)	cur_idx = ary_len - 1;
+			cur_val = ary[cur_idx];
+			if		(find_val <	 cur_val) adj = -1;
+			else if (find_val >	 cur_val) adj =	1;
+			else if (find_val == cur_val) return cur_idx;
+			if (cur_len == 1) {
+				if (adj == -1 && cur_idx > 0)
+					return --cur_idx;
+				return cur_idx;
+			}
+			prv_len = cur_len;
+			prv_pos = cur_idx;
+		}
+	}		
+	public static int DigitCount(long v) {
+		int adj = Int_.Base1;
+		if (v < 0) {
+			if (v == Long_.Min_value) return 19;	// NOTE: Long_.Min_value * -1 = Long_.Min_value
+			v *= -1;
+			++adj;
+		}
+		return FindIdx(Log10Ary, v) + adj;
+	}
+	public static long Pow(int val, int exp) {
+		long rv = val;
+		for (int i = 1; i < exp; i++)
+			rv *= val;
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static long Int_merge(int hi, int lo)	{return (long)hi << 32 | (lo & 0xFFFFFFFFL);}
+	public static int  Int_split_lo(long v)			{return (int)(v);}
+	public static int  Int_split_hi(long v)			{return (int)(v >> 32);}
+	public static final long
+		Min_value	= Long.MIN_VALUE		
+	,	Max_value	= Long.MAX_VALUE		
+	;
+}
+/* alternate for Int_merge; does not work in java
+		public static long MergeInts(int lo, int hi)	{return (uint)(hi << 32) | (lo & 0xffffffff);}
+		public static int  SplitLo(long v)				{return (int)(((ulong)v & 0x00000000ffffffff));}
+		public static int  SplitHi(long v)				{return (int)(((ulong)v & 0xffffffff00000000)) >> 32;}
+*/

100_core/src/gplx/Long__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Long__tst {
+	@Test  public void DigitCount() {
+		tst_DigitCount(0, 1);
+		tst_DigitCount(1, 1);
+		tst_DigitCount(9, 1);
+		tst_DigitCount(10, 2);
+		tst_DigitCount(100, 3);
+		tst_DigitCount(10000, 5);
+		tst_DigitCount(100000, 6);
+		tst_DigitCount(1000000, 7);
+		tst_DigitCount(1000000000, 10);
+		tst_DigitCount(10000000000L, 11);
+		tst_DigitCount(100000000000L, 12);
+		tst_DigitCount(10000000000000000L, 17);
+		tst_DigitCount(-1, 2);
+	}	void tst_DigitCount(long val, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Long_.DigitCount(val));}
+	@Test  public void Int_merge() {
+		tst_Int_merge(123, 456, 528280977864L);
+		tst_Int_merge(123, 457, 528280977865L);
+	}
+	void tst_Int_merge(int hi, int lo, long expd) {
+		Tfds.Eq(expd, Long_.Int_merge(hi, lo));
+		Tfds.Eq(hi, Long_.Int_split_hi(expd));
+		Tfds.Eq(lo, Long_.Int_split_lo(expd));
+	}
+	@Test  public void parse_or() {
+		parse_or_tst("10000000000", 10000000000L);
+	}
+	void parse_or_tst(String raw, long expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Long_.parse_or(raw, -1));}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Math_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Math_ {
+	public static double	Pow(double val, double exponent) {return java.lang.Math.pow(val, exponent);}
+	public static double	Pi = java.lang.Math.PI; 
+	public static double	E = java.lang.Math.E; 
+	public static int		Ceil_as_int(double v) {return (int)Ceil(v);}
+	public static double	Ceil(double v) {return java.lang.Math.ceil(v);}
+	public static int		Floor_as_int(double v) {return (int)Floor(v);}
+	public static double	Floor(double v) {return java.lang.Math.floor(v);}
+	public static double	Round(double v, int places) {
+				return java.math.BigDecimal.valueOf(v).setScale(places, java.math.BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP).doubleValue();
+			}
+	public static int Trunc(double v) {return (int)v;}
+	public static double Exp(double v) {return java.lang.Math.exp(v);}
+	public static double Log(double v) {return java.lang.Math.log(v);}
+	public static double Sin(double v) {return java.lang.Math.sin(v);}
+	public static double Cos(double v) {return java.lang.Math.cos(v);}
+	public static double Tan(double v) {return java.lang.Math.tan(v);}
+	public static double Asin(double v) {return java.lang.Math.asin(v);}
+	public static double Acos(double v) {return java.lang.Math.acos(v);}
+	public static double Atan(double v) {return java.lang.Math.atan(v);}
+	public static double Sqrt(double v) {return java.lang.Math.sqrt(v);}
+	public static int	Abs(int val)	{return val > 0 ? val : val * -1;}
+	public static long	Abs(long val)	{return val > 0 ? val : val * -1;}
+	public static float	Abs(float val)	{return val > 0 ? val : val * -1;}
+	public static double Abs_double(double val)	{return val > 0 ? val : val * -1;}
+	public static int	Log10(int val) {
+		if (val <= 0) return Int_.Min_value;
+		int rv = -1, baseVal = 10;
+		while (val != 0) {
+			val = (val / baseVal);
+			rv++;
+		}
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static int Div_safe_as_int(int val, int divisor) {return divisor == 0 ? 0 : val / divisor;}
+	public static long Div_safe_as_long(long val, long divisor) {return divisor == 0 ? 0 : val / divisor;}
+	public static double Div_safe_as_double(double val, double divisor) {return divisor == 0 ? 0 : val / divisor;}
+	public static int Min(int val0, int val1) {return val0 < val1 ? val0 : val1;}
+	public static int Max(int val0, int val1) {return val0 > val1 ? val0 : val1;}
+	public static int[] Base2Ary(int v, int max) {
+		int[] idxs = new int[32];
+		int cur = v, mult = max, idx = 0;
+		while (mult > 0) {
+			int tmp = cur / mult;
+			if (tmp >= 1) {
+				idxs[idx++] = mult;
+				cur -= mult;
+			}
+			mult /= 2;
+		}
+		int[] rv = new int[idx];
+		for (int i = 0; i < idx; i++)
+			rv[i] = idxs[idx - i - 1];
+		return rv;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Math__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Math__tst {
+	@Test  public void Abs() {
+		tst_Abs(1, 1);
+		tst_Abs(-1, 1);
+		tst_Abs(0, 0);
+	}	void tst_Abs(int val, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Math_.Abs(val));}
+	@Test  public void Log10() {
+		tst_Log10(0, Int_.Min_value);
+		tst_Log10(9, 0);
+		tst_Log10(10, 1);
+		tst_Log10(99, 1);
+		tst_Log10(100, 2);
+	}	void tst_Log10(int val, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Math_.Log10(val));}
+	@Test  public void Min() {
+		tst_Min(0, 1, 0);
+		tst_Min(1, 0, 0);
+		tst_Min(0, 0, 0);
+	}	void tst_Min(int val0, int val1, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Math_.Min(val0, val1));}
+	@Test  public void Pow() {
+		tst_Pow(2, 0, 1);
+		tst_Pow(2, 1, 2);
+		tst_Pow(2, 2, 4);
+	}	void tst_Pow(int val, int exponent, double expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Math_.Pow(val, exponent));}
+	@Test  public void Mult() {
+		tst_Mult(100, .01f, 1);
+	}	void tst_Mult(int val, float multiplier, int expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Int_.Mult(val, multiplier));}		
+	@Test  public void Base2Ary() {
+		tst_Base2Ary(  1, 256, 1);
+		tst_Base2Ary(  2, 256, 2);
+		tst_Base2Ary(  3, 256, 1, 2);
+		tst_Base2Ary(  4, 256, 4);
+		tst_Base2Ary(  5, 256, 1, 4);
+		tst_Base2Ary(  6, 256, 2, 4);
+		tst_Base2Ary(511, 256, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256);
+	}	void tst_Base2Ary(int v, int max, int... expd) {Tfds.Eq_ary(expd, Math_.Base2Ary(v, max));}
+	@Test  public void Round() {
+		tst_Round(1.5		, 0, 2);
+		tst_Round(2.5		, 0, 3);
+		tst_Round(2.123		, 2, 2.12);
+		tst_Round(21.1		, -1, 20);
+	}	void tst_Round(double v, int places, double expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Math_.Round(v, places));}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/New.java

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public @interface New {} 

100_core/src/gplx/ObjAry.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class ObjAry {
+	public Object[] Ary() {return ary;} Object[] ary;
+	public Object Get(int i) {return ary[i];}
+	public Object Get0() {return ary[0];}
+	public Object Get1() {return ary[1];}
+        public static ObjAry pair_(Object val0, Object val1) {
+		ObjAry rv = new ObjAry();
+		rv.ary = new Object[2];
+		rv.ary[0] = val0;
+		rv.ary[1] = val1;
+		return rv;
+	}	ObjAry() {}
+        public static ObjAry many_(Object... ary) {
+		ObjAry rv = new ObjAry();
+		rv.ary = ary;
+		return rv;
+	}
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Object_.java

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+public class Object_ {
+	public static final String Cls_val_name = "Object";
+	public static final    Object[] Ary_empty = new Object[0];
+	public static Object[] Ary(Object... ary) {return ary;}
+	public static Object[] Ary_add(Object[] lhs, Object[] rhs) {
+		int lhs_len = lhs.length, rhs_len = rhs.length;
+		if		(lhs_len == 0) return rhs;
+		else if (rhs_len == 0) return lhs;
+		int rv_len = lhs_len + rhs_len;
+		Object[] rv = new Object[rv_len];
+		for (int i = 0; i < lhs_len; ++i)
+			rv[i] = lhs[i];
+		for (int i = lhs_len; i < rv_len; ++i)
+			rv[i] = rhs[i - lhs_len];
+		return rv;
+	}
+	public static boolean Eq(Object lhs, Object rhs) {
+		if		(lhs == null && rhs == null)	return true;
+		else if (lhs == null || rhs == null)	return false;
+		else									return lhs.equals(rhs);		
+	}
+	public static String Xto_str_or(Object v, String or)		{return v == null ? or					: ToString_lang(v);}
+	public static String Xto_str_strict_or_null(Object v)		{return v == null ? null				: ToString_lang(v);}
+	public static String Xto_str_strict_or_null_mark(Object v)	{return v == null ? String_.Null_mark	: ToString_lang(v);}
+	public static String Xto_str_strict_or_empty(Object v)		{return v == null ? String_.Empty		: ToString_lang(v);}
+	private static String ToString_lang(Object v) {
+		Class<?> c = v.getClass();
+		if		(Type_.Eq(c, String_.Cls_ref_type))		return (String)v;
+		else if	(Type_.Eq(c, Bry_.Cls_ref_type))		return String_.new_u8((byte[])v);
+		else												return v.toString();	
+	}
+	public static String Xto_str_loose_or(Object v, String or) {	// tries to pretty-print doubles; also standardizes true/false; DATE:2014-07-14
+		if (v == null) return null;
+		Class<?> c = Type_.Type_by_obj(v);
+		if		(Type_.Eq(c, String_.Cls_ref_type))		return (String)v;
+		else if	(Type_.Eq(c, Bry_.Cls_ref_type))		return String_.new_u8((byte[])v);
+		else if (Type_.Eq(c, Bool_.Cls_ref_type))		return Bool_.Cast(v) ? Bool_.True_str : Bool_.False_str;	// always return "true" / "false"
+		else if	(Type_.Eq(c, Double_.Cls_ref_type))		return Double_.To_str_loose(Double_.cast(v));
+		else												return v.toString();	
+	}
+	public static final    Object Null = null;
+	public static final    byte[] Bry__null = Bry_.new_a7("null");
+}

100_core/src/gplx/Object__tst.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+XOWA: the XOWA Offline Wiki Application
+Copyright (C) 2012-2017 gnosygnu@gmail.com
+
+XOWA is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL) Version 3,
+or alternatively under the terms of the Apache License Version 2.0.
+
+You may use XOWA according to either of these licenses as is most appropriate
+for your project on a case-by-case basis.
+
+The terms of each license can be found in the source code repository:
+
+GPLv3 License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-GPLv3.txt
+Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
+*/
+package gplx;
+import org.junit.*;
+public class Object__tst {
+	@Before public void init() {} private Object__fxt fxt = new Object__fxt();
+	@Test  public void Eq() {
+		fxt.Test_eq(null, null, true);		// both null
+		fxt.Test_eq(5, 5, true);			// both non-null
+		fxt.Test_eq(5, null, false);		// rhs non-null
+		fxt.Test_eq(null, 5, false);		// lhs non-null
+	}
+	@Test  public void Xto_str_loose_or_null() {
+		fxt.Test_xto_str_loose_or_null(null, null);	
+		fxt.Test_xto_str_loose_or_null(2449.6000000000004d, "2449.6");
+	}
+}
+class Object__fxt {
+	public void Test_eq(Object lhs, Object rhs, boolean expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Object_.Eq(lhs, rhs));}
+	public void Test_xto_str_loose_or_null(Object v, String expd) {Tfds.Eq(expd, Object_.Xto_str_loose_or(v, null));}
+}