* [One VM to Rule Them All](http://lafo.ssw.uni-linz.ac.at/papers/2013_Onward_OneVMToRuleThemAll.pdf)
    - This is an exciting VM implementation that incorporates AST node rewriting and an optimizing compiler. It enables the implementation of, and excellent performance for, a wide range of languages.
* [A Comparison of Software and Hardware Techniques for x86
  Virtualization](http://www.vmware.com/pdf/asplos235_adams.pdf)
    - virtualization theory background