commit 2173d6062a94b6b03d4c190788ad515d7768f1fb Author: James Kyle Date: Wed Mar 30 15:22:59 2016 -0700 Give Super Tiny Compiler diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 0000000..40f19b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,393 @@ +Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International + +======================================================================= + +Creative Commons Corporation ("Creative Commons") is not a law firm and +does not provide legal services or legal advice. Distribution of +Creative Commons public licenses does not create a lawyer-client or +other relationship. Creative Commons makes its licenses and related +information available on an "as-is" basis. Creative Commons gives no +warranties regarding its licenses, any material licensed under their +terms and conditions, or any related information. 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Except for the limited purpose of indicating +that material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as +otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at +creativecommons.org/policies, Creative Commons does not authorize the +use of the trademark "Creative Commons" or any other trademark or logo +of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including, +without limitation, in connection with any unauthorized modifications +to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements, +understandings, or agreements concerning use of licensed material. For +the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the public +licenses. + +Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..85f11c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +# THE SUPER TINY COMPILER + +Welcome to The Super Tiny Compiler. It's an ultra simplified example of all the +major pieces of a modern compiler written in easy to read JavaScript. Reading +through it can help you learn about how most compilers work end to end. + +### Why should I care? + +That's fair, most people don't really have to think about compilers in their day +jobs. However, compilers are all around you, tons of the tools you use are based +on concepts borrowed from compilers. + +### But compilers are scary! + +Yes, they are. But that's our fault (the people who write compilers), we've +taken something that is reasonably straightforward and made it so scary that +most think of it as this totally unapproachable thing that only the nerdiest of +the nerds are able to understand. + +### Okay so where do I begin? + +Awesome! Head on over to the [super-tiny-compiler.js](super-tiny-compiler.js) +file. + +### I'm back, that didn't make sense + +Ouch, I'm really sorry. I'm planning on doing a lot more work on this to add +inline annotations. If you want to come back when that's done, you can either +watch/star this repo or follow me on +[twitter](https://twitter.com/thejameskyle) for updates. + +--- + +[![cc-by-4.0](https://licensebuttons.net/l/by/4.0/80x15.png)](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) diff --git a/super-tiny-compiler.js b/super-tiny-compiler.js new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1b60002 --- /dev/null +++ b/super-tiny-compiler.js @@ -0,0 +1,375 @@ +/** + * TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE + * T:::::::::::::::::::::TH:::::::H H:::::::HE::::::::::::::::::::E + * T:::::::::::::::::::::TH:::::::H H:::::::HE::::::::::::::::::::E + * T:::::TT:::::::TT:::::THH::::::H H::::::HHEE::::::EEEEEEEEE::::E + * TTTTTT T:::::T TTTTTT H:::::H H:::::H E:::::E EEEEEE + * T:::::T H:::::H H:::::H E:::::E + * T:::::T H::::::HHHHH::::::H E::::::EEEEEEEEEE + * T:::::T H:::::::::::::::::H E:::::::::::::::E + * T:::::T H:::::::::::::::::H E:::::::::::::::E + * T:::::T H::::::HHHHH::::::H E::::::EEEEEEEEEE + * T:::::T H:::::H H:::::H E:::::E + * T:::::T H:::::H H:::::H E:::::E EEEEEE + * TT:::::::TT HH::::::H H::::::HHEE::::::EEEEEEEE:::::E + * T:::::::::T H:::::::H H:::::::HE::::::::::::::::::::E + * T:::::::::T H:::::::H H:::::::HE::::::::::::::::::::E + * TTTTTTTTTTT HHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE + * + * SSSSSSSSSSSSSSS UUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEERRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR + * SS:::::::::::::::SU::::::U U::::::UP::::::::::::::::P E::::::::::::::::::::ER::::::::::::::::R + * S:::::SSSSSS::::::SU::::::U U::::::UP::::::PPPPPP:::::P E::::::::::::::::::::ER::::::RRRRRR:::::R + * S:::::S SSSSSSSUU:::::U U:::::UUPP:::::P P:::::PEE::::::EEEEEEEEE::::ERR:::::R R:::::R + * S:::::S U:::::U U:::::U P::::P P:::::P E:::::E EEEEEE R::::R R:::::R + * S:::::S U:::::D D:::::U P::::P P:::::P E:::::E R::::R R:::::R + * S::::SSSS U:::::D D:::::U P::::PPPPPP:::::P E::::::EEEEEEEEEE R::::RRRRRR:::::R + * SS::::::SSSSS U:::::D D:::::U P:::::::::::::PP E:::::::::::::::E R:::::::::::::RR + * SSS::::::::SS U:::::D D:::::U P::::PPPPPPPPP E:::::::::::::::E R::::RRRRRR:::::R + * SSSSSS::::S U:::::D D:::::U P::::P E::::::EEEEEEEEEE R::::R R:::::R + * S:::::S U:::::D D:::::U P::::P E:::::E R::::R R:::::R + * S:::::S U::::::U U::::::U P::::P E:::::E EEEEEE R::::R R:::::R + * SSSSSSS S:::::S U:::::::UUU:::::::U PP::::::PP EE::::::EEEEEEEE:::::ERR:::::R R:::::R + * S::::::SSSSSS:::::S UU:::::::::::::UU P::::::::P E::::::::::::::::::::ER::::::R R:::::R + * S:::::::::::::::SS UU:::::::::UU P::::::::P E::::::::::::::::::::ER::::::R R:::::R + * SSSSSSSSSSSSSSS UUUUUUUUU PPPPPPPPPP EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEERRRRRRRR RRRRRRR + * + * TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTIIIIIIIIIINNNNNNNN NNNNNNNNYYYYYYY YYYYYYY + * T:::::::::::::::::::::TI::::::::IN:::::::N N::::::NY:::::Y Y:::::Y + * T:::::::::::::::::::::TI::::::::IN::::::::N N::::::NY:::::Y Y:::::Y + * T:::::TT:::::::TT:::::TII::::::IIN:::::::::N N::::::NY::::::Y Y::::::Y + * TTTTTT T:::::T TTTTTT I::::I N::::::::::N N::::::NYYY:::::Y Y:::::YYY + * T:::::T I::::I N:::::::::::N N::::::N Y:::::Y Y:::::Y + * T:::::T I::::I N:::::::N::::N N::::::N Y:::::Y:::::Y + * T:::::T I::::I N::::::N N::::N N::::::N Y:::::::::Y + * T:::::T I::::I N::::::N N::::N:::::::N Y:::::::Y + * T:::::T I::::I N::::::N N:::::::::::N Y:::::Y + * T:::::T I::::I N::::::N N::::::::::N Y:::::Y + * T:::::T I::::I N::::::N N:::::::::N Y:::::Y + * TT:::::::TT II::::::IIN::::::N N::::::::N Y:::::Y + * T:::::::::T I::::::::IN::::::N N:::::::N YYYY:::::YYYY + * T:::::::::T I::::::::IN::::::N N::::::N Y:::::::::::Y + * TTTTTTTTTTT IIIIIIIIIINNNNNNNN NNNNNNN YYYYYYYYYYYYY + * + * CCCCCCCCCCCCC OOOOOOOOO MMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP IIIIIIIIIILLLLLLLLLLL EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEERRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR + * CCC::::::::::::C OO:::::::::OO M:::::::M M:::::::MP::::::::::::::::P I::::::::IL:::::::::L E::::::::::::::::::::ER::::::::::::::::R + * CC:::::::::::::::C OO:::::::::::::OO M::::::::M M::::::::MP::::::PPPPPP:::::P I::::::::IL:::::::::L E::::::::::::::::::::ER::::::RRRRRR:::::R + * C:::::CCCCCCCC::::CO:::::::OOO:::::::OM:::::::::M M:::::::::MPP:::::P P:::::PII::::::IILL:::::::LL EE::::::EEEEEEEEE::::ERR:::::R R:::::R + * C:::::C CCCCCCO::::::O O::::::OM::::::::::M M::::::::::M P::::P P:::::P I::::I L:::::L E:::::E EEEEEE R::::R R:::::R + * C:::::C O:::::O O:::::OM:::::::::::M M:::::::::::M P::::P P:::::P I::::I L:::::L E:::::E R::::R R:::::R + * C:::::C O:::::O O:::::OM:::::::M::::M M::::M:::::::M P::::PPPPPP:::::P I::::I L:::::L E::::::EEEEEEEEEE R::::RRRRRR:::::R + * C:::::C O:::::O O:::::OM::::::M M::::M M::::M M::::::M P:::::::::::::PP I::::I L:::::L E:::::::::::::::E R:::::::::::::RR + * C:::::C O:::::O O:::::OM::::::M M::::M::::M M::::::M P::::PPPPPPPPP I::::I L:::::L E:::::::::::::::E R::::RRRRRR:::::R + * C:::::C O:::::O O:::::OM::::::M M:::::::M M::::::M P::::P I::::I L:::::L E::::::EEEEEEEEEE R::::R R:::::R + * C:::::C O:::::O O:::::OM::::::M M:::::M M::::::M P::::P I::::I L:::::L E:::::E R::::R R:::::R + * C:::::C CCCCCCO::::::O O::::::OM::::::M MMMMM M::::::M P::::P I::::I L:::::L LLLLLL E:::::E EEEEEE R::::R R:::::R + * C:::::CCCCCCCC::::CO:::::::OOO:::::::OM::::::M M::::::MPP::::::PP II::::::IILL:::::::LLLLLLLLL:::::LEE::::::EEEEEEEE:::::ERR:::::R R:::::R + * CC:::::::::::::::C OO:::::::::::::OO M::::::M M::::::MP::::::::P I::::::::IL::::::::::::::::::::::LE::::::::::::::::::::ER::::::R R:::::R + * CCC::::::::::::C OO:::::::::OO M::::::M M::::::MP::::::::P I::::::::IL::::::::::::::::::::::LE::::::::::::::::::::ER::::::R R:::::R + * CCCCCCCCCCCCC OOOOOOOOO MMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMPPPPPPPPPP IIIIIIIIIILLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEERRRRRRRR RRRRRRR + * + * ======================================================================================================================================================================= + * ======================================================================================================================================================================= + * ======================================================================================================================================================================= + * ======================================================================================================================================================================= + */ + + /** + * ============================================================================ + * (/^▽^)/ + * THE TOKENIZER! + * ============================================================================ + */ +function tokenizer(input) { + var current = 0; + var tokens = []; + + while (current < input.length) { + var char = input[current]; + + if (char === '(') { + tokens.push({ + type: 'paren', + value: '(' + }); + current++; + continue; + } + + if (char === ')') { + tokens.push({ + type: 'paren', + value: ')' + }); + current++; + continue; + } + + var WHITESPACE = /\s/; + if (WHITESPACE.test(char)) { + current++; + continue; + } + + var NUMBERS = /[0-9]/; + if (NUMBERS.test(char)) { + var value = ''; + + while (NUMBERS.test(char)) { + value += char; + char = input[++current]; + } + + tokens.push({ + type: 'number', + value: value + }); + + continue; + } + + var LETTERS = /[a-zA-Z]/; + if (LETTERS.test(char)) { + var value = ''; + + while (LETTERS.test(char)) { + value += char; + char = input[++current]; + } + + tokens.push({ + type: 'name', + value: value + }); + + continue; + } + + throw new TypeError('I dont know what this character is: ' + char); + } + + return tokens; +} + +/** + * ============================================================================ + * ヽ/❀o ل͜ o\ﾉ + * THE PARSER!!! + * ============================================================================ + */ + +function parser(tokens) { + var current = 0; + + function walk() { + var token = tokens[current]; + + if (token.type === 'number') { + current++; + + return { + type: 'NumberLiteral', + value: token.value + }; + } + + if ( + token.type === 'paren' && + token.value === '(' + ) { + current++; + + var node = { + type: 'CallExpression', + name: tokens[current].value, + params: [] + }; + + current++; + + while ( + token.type !== 'paren' || + token.value !== ')' + ) { + node.params.push(walk()); + token = tokens[current]; + } + + current++; + + return node; + } + + throw new TypeError(token.type); + } + + var program = { + type: 'Program', + body: [] + }; + + while (current < tokens.length) { + program.body.push(walk()); + } + + return program; +} + +/** + * ============================================================================ + * ⌒(❀>◞౪◟<❀)⌒ + * THE TRAVERSER!!! + * ============================================================================ + */ + +function traverser(program, visitor) { + + function traverseArray(array, parent) { + array.forEach(function(child) { + traverseNode(child, parent); + }); + } + + function traverseNode(node, parent) { + var method = visitor[node.type]; + + if (method) { + method(node, parent); + } + + switch (node.type) { + case 'Program': + traverseArray(node.body, node); + break; + case 'CallExpression': + traverseArray(node.params, node); + break; + case 'NumberLiteral': + break; + default: + throw new TypeError(node.type); + } + } + + traverseNode(program, null); +} + +/** + * ============================================================================ + * ⁽(◍˃̵͈̑ᴗ˂̵͈̑)⁽ + * THE TRANSFORMER!!! + * ============================================================================ + */ + +function transformer(program) { + var ast = { + type: 'Program', + body: [] + }; + + program._context = ast.body; + + traverser(program, { + NumberLiteral: function(node, parent) { + parent._context.push({ + type: 'NumberLiteral', + value: node.value + }); + }, + + CallExpression: function(node, parent) { + var expression = { + type: 'CallExpression', + callee: { + type: 'Identifier', + name: node.name + }, + arguments: [] + }; + + node._context = expression.arguments; + + if (parent.type !== 'CallExpression') { + expression = { + type: 'ExpressionStatement', + expression: expression + }; + } + + parent._context.push(expression); + } + }); + + return ast; +} + +/** + * ============================================================================ + * ヾ（〃＾∇＾）ﾉ♪ + * THE CODE GENERATOR!!!! + * ============================================================================ + */ + +function codeGenerator(node) { + switch (node.type) { + case 'Program': + return node.body.map(codeGenerator) + .join('\n'); + + case 'ExpressionStatement': + return ( + codeGenerator(node.expression) + + ';' + ); + + case 'CallExpression': + return ( + codeGenerator(node.callee) + + '(' + + node.arguments.map(codeGenerator) + .join(', ') + + ')' + ); + + case 'Identifier': + return node.name; + + case 'NumberLiteral': + return node.value; + + default: + throw new TypeError(node.type); + } +} + +/** + * ============================================================================ + * (۶* ‘ヮ’)۶” + * !!!!!!!!THE COMPILER!!!!!!!! + * ============================================================================ + */ + +function compiler(input) { + var tokens = tokenizer(input); + var ast = parser(tokens); + var newAst = transformer(ast); + var output = codeGenerator(newAst); + + return output; +} + + +/** + * ============================================================================ + * (๑˃̵ᴗ˂̵)و + * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!YOU MADE IT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! + * ============================================================================ + */ + +// Now I'm just exporting everything... +module.exports = { + tokenizer: tokenizer, + parser: parser, + transformer: transformer, + codeGenerator: codeGenerator, + compiler: compiler +};