diff --git a/app/client/components/FormRenderer.ts b/app/client/components/FormRenderer.ts
index b9ff7e62..b3b3c5d7 100644
--- a/app/client/components/FormRenderer.ts
+++ b/app/client/components/FormRenderer.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as css from 'app/client/components/FormRendererCss';
+import {makeT} from 'app/client/lib/localization';
 import {FormField} from 'app/client/ui/FormAPI';
 import {sanitizeHTML} from 'app/client/ui/sanitizeHTML';
 import {dropdownWithSearch} from 'app/client/ui/searchDropdown';
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ import {IPopupOptions, PopupControl} from 'popweasel';
 
 const testId = makeTestId('test-form-');
 
+const t = makeT('FormRenderer');
+
 /**
  * A node in a recursive, tree-like hierarchy comprising the layout of a form.
  */
@@ -165,7 +168,7 @@ class SubmitRenderer extends FormRenderer {
       css.error(dom.text(use => use(this.context.error) ?? '')),
       css.submitButtons(
         css.resetButton(
-          'Reset',
+          t('Reset'),
           dom.boolAttr('disabled', this.context.disabled),
           {type: 'button'},
           dom.on('click', () => {
@@ -182,7 +185,7 @@ class SubmitRenderer extends FormRenderer {
             dom.boolAttr('disabled', this.context.disabled),
             {
               type: 'submit',
-              value: this.context.rootLayoutNode.submitText || 'Submit',
+              value: this.context.rootLayoutNode.submitText || t('Submit'),
             },
             dom.on('click', () => validateRequiredLists()),
           )
@@ -356,7 +359,7 @@ class DateTimeRenderer extends TextRenderer {
   protected inputType = 'datetime-local';
 }
 
-export const SELECT_PLACEHOLDER = 'Select...';
+export const selectPlaceholder = () => t('Select...');
 
 class ChoiceRenderer extends BaseFieldRenderer  {
   protected value: Observable<string>;
@@ -417,7 +420,7 @@ class ChoiceRenderer extends BaseFieldRenderer  {
       this._selectElement = css.select(
         {name: this.name(), required: this.field.options.formRequired},
         dom.on('input', (_e, elem) => this.value.set(elem.value)),
-        dom('option', {value: ''}, SELECT_PLACEHOLDER),
+        dom('option', {value: ''}, selectPlaceholder()),
         this._choices.map((choice) => dom('option',
           {value: choice},
           dom.prop('selected', use => use(this.value) === choice),
@@ -434,18 +437,18 @@ class ChoiceRenderer extends BaseFieldRenderer  {
       ),
       dom.maybe(use => !use(isXSmallScreenObs()), () =>
         css.searchSelect(
-          dom('div', dom.text(use => use(this.value) || SELECT_PLACEHOLDER)),
+          dom('div', dom.text(use => use(this.value) || selectPlaceholder())),
           dropdownWithSearch<string>({
             action: (value) => this.value.set(value),
             options: () => [
-              {label: SELECT_PLACEHOLDER, value: '', placeholder: true},
+              {label: selectPlaceholder(), value: '', placeholder: true},
               ...this._choices.map((choice) => ({
                 label: choice,
                 value: choice,
               }),
             )],
             onClose: () => { setTimeout(() => this._selectElement.focus()); },
-            placeholder: 'Search',
+            placeholder: t('Search'),
             acOptions: {maxResults: 1000, keepOrder: true, showEmptyItems: true},
             popupOptions: {
               trigger: [
@@ -757,7 +760,7 @@ class RefRenderer extends BaseFieldRenderer {
         dom.on('input', (_e, elem) => this.value.set(elem.value)),
         dom('option',
           {value: ''},
-          SELECT_PLACEHOLDER,
+          selectPlaceholder(),
           dom.prop('selected', use => use(this.value) === ''),
         ),
         this._choices.map((choice) => dom('option',
@@ -778,12 +781,12 @@ class RefRenderer extends BaseFieldRenderer {
         css.searchSelect(
           dom('div', dom.text(use => {
             const choice = this._choices.find((c) => String(c[0]) === use(this.value));
-            return String(choice?.[1] || SELECT_PLACEHOLDER);
+            return String(choice?.[1] || selectPlaceholder());
           })),
           dropdownWithSearch<string>({
             action: (value) => this.value.set(value),
             options: () => [
-              {label: SELECT_PLACEHOLDER, value: '', placeholder: true},
+              {label: selectPlaceholder(), value: '', placeholder: true},
               ...this._choices.map((choice) => ({
                 label: String(choice[1]),
                 value: String(choice[0]),
diff --git a/app/client/components/Forms/Field.ts b/app/client/components/Forms/Field.ts
index 5d1864c3..f8700d47 100644
--- a/app/client/components/Forms/Field.ts
+++ b/app/client/components/Forms/Field.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import {FormLayoutNode, SELECT_PLACEHOLDER} from 'app/client/components/FormRenderer';
+import {FormLayoutNode, selectPlaceholder} from 'app/client/components/FormRenderer';
 import {buildEditor} from 'app/client/components/Forms/Editor';
 import {FormView} from 'app/client/components/Forms/FormView';
 import {BoxModel, ignoreClick} from 'app/client/components/Forms/Model';
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ class ChoiceModel extends Question {
       ignoreClick,
       dom.prop('name', use => use(use(this.field).colId)),
       dom('option',
-        SELECT_PLACEHOLDER,
+        selectPlaceholder(),
         {value: ''},
       ),
       dom.forEach(this.choices, (choice) => dom('option',
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ class RefModel extends RefListModel {
       ignoreClick,
       dom.prop('name', this.model.colId),
       dom('option',
-        SELECT_PLACEHOLDER,
+        selectPlaceholder(),
         {value: ''},
       ),
       dom.forEach(this.options, ({label, value}) => dom('option',
diff --git a/app/client/components/modals.ts b/app/client/components/modals.ts
index 34a61442..93abc267 100644
--- a/app/client/components/modals.ts
+++ b/app/client/components/modals.ts
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ export function showTipPopup(
         cssBehavioralPromptHeader(
           cssHeaderIconAndText(
             icon('Idea'),
-            cssHeaderText('TIP'),
+            cssHeaderText(t('TIP')),
           ),
         ),
         cssBehavioralPromptBody(
diff --git a/app/client/ui/OnBoardingPopups.ts b/app/client/ui/OnBoardingPopups.ts
index 733a976d..0993fc48 100644
--- a/app/client/ui/OnBoardingPopups.ts
+++ b/app/client/ui/OnBoardingPopups.ts
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ class OnBoardingPopupsCtl extends Disposable {
       ),
       Buttons(
         bigBasicButton(
-          'Previous', testId('previous'),
+          t('Previous'), testId('previous'),
           dom.on('click', () => this._move(-1)),
           dom.prop('disabled', isFirstStep),
           {style: `margin-right: 8px; visibility: ${isFirstStep ? 'hidden' : 'visible'}`},