diff --git a/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/Xoh_page_wtr_wkr_.java b/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/Xoh_page_wtr_wkr_.java
index aaa5d48e2..763f87304 100644
--- a/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/Xoh_page_wtr_wkr_.java
+++ b/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/Xoh_page_wtr_wkr_.java
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import gplx.xowa.wikis.nss.*; import gplx.xowa.wikis.pages.*; import gplx.xowa.w
 import gplx.xowa.parsers.utils.*;	
 public class Xoh_page_wtr_wkr_ {
 	public static byte[] Bld_page_content_sub(Xoae_app app, Xowe_wiki wiki, Xoae_page page, Bry_bfr tmp_bfr) {
-		byte[] subpages = app.Html_mgr().Page_mgr().Subpages_bldr().Bld(wiki.Ns_mgr(), page.Ttl());
+		byte[] subpages = app.Html_mgr().Page_mgr().Subpages_bldr().Bld(wiki, page.Ttl());
 		byte[] page_content_sub = page.Html_data().Content_sub();		// contentSub exists; SEE: {{#isin}}
 		byte[] redirect_msg = Xop_redirect_mgr.Bld_redirect_msg(app, wiki, page.Redirect_trail());
 		return Bry_.Add(subpages, page_content_sub, redirect_msg);
diff --git a/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/portal/Xoh_subpages_bldr.java b/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/portal/Xoh_subpages_bldr.java
index 387f64369..bcfef895b 100644
--- a/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/portal/Xoh_subpages_bldr.java
+++ b/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/portal/Xoh_subpages_bldr.java
@@ -18,50 +18,74 @@ import gplx.core.brys.fmtrs.*;
 import gplx.xowa.htmls.hrefs.*;
 import gplx.xowa.wikis.nss.*;
 public class Xoh_subpages_bldr implements gplx.core.brys.Bfr_arg {
-	private Bry_bfr tmp_bfr = Bry_bfr_.Reset(255), ttl_bfr = Bry_bfr_.Reset(255);
+	private final    Bry_bfr html_bfr = Bry_bfr_.Reset(255), path_bfr = Bry_bfr_.Reset(255);
+	private Xowe_wiki wiki;
 	private byte[][] segs;
-	public byte[] Bld(Xow_ns_mgr ns_mgr, Xoa_ttl ttl) {
+	public byte[] Bld(Xowe_wiki wiki, Xoa_ttl ttl) {
+		// check if subpages is valid
+		Xow_ns_mgr ns_mgr = wiki.Ns_mgr();
 		Xow_ns ns = ttl.Ns();
 		if (!	(	ns.Subpages_enabled()					// ns has subpages
-				&&	ttl.Leaf_bgn() != Bry_find_.Not_found	// ttl has leaf text; EX: Help:A/B
 				&&	ns.Id() != ns_mgr.Ns_page_id()			// ns is not [[Page:]]; PAGE:en.s:Notes_on_Osteology_of_Baptanodon._With_a_Description_of_a_New_Species DATE:2014-09-06
+				&&	ttl.Leaf_bgn() != Bry_find_.Not_found	// ttl has leaf text; EX: Help:A/B
 				)
-			)	return Bry_.Empty;							// doesn't match above; return empty;
+			)
+			return Bry_.Empty; // doesn't match above; return empty;
+
+		// split ttl by slashes; EX: "Help:A/B/C" -> "Help:A", "B", "C"
 		byte[] raw = ttl.Raw();
 		this.segs = Bry_split_.Split(raw, Byte_ascii.Slash);
-		fmtr_grp.Bld_bfr(tmp_bfr, this);
-		return tmp_bfr.To_bry_and_clear();
+
+		// build html
+		this.wiki = wiki;
+		fmtr_grp.Bld_bfr(html_bfr, this);
+		return html_bfr.To_bry_and_clear();
 	}
 	public void Bfr_arg__add(Bry_bfr bfr) {
-		int segs_len = segs.length - 1;	// last seg is current page; do not print
-		for (int i = 0; i < segs_len; ++i) {
-			byte[] dlm = null;
-			if (i == 0)
-				dlm = Dlm_1st;
-			else {
-				dlm = Dlm_nth;
-				ttl_bfr.Add_byte_slash();
+		int segs_len = segs.length - 1;	// skip last seg which is current page and should not be printed
+
+		byte[] delimiter = Delimiter__1st;
+		for (int i = 0; i < segs_len; i++) {
+			// if not first, change delimiter and add "/" to path bfr
+			if (i != 0) {
+				delimiter = Delimiter__nth;
+				path_bfr.Add_byte_slash();
 			}
-			byte[] seg = segs[i];
-			ttl_bfr.Add(seg);
-			byte[] seg_ttl = ttl_bfr.To_bry();															
-			byte[] seg_ttl_enc = gplx.langs.htmls.encoders.Gfo_url_encoder_.Href.Encode(ttl_bfr.To_bry());
-			byte[] href = Bry_.Add(Xoh_href_.Bry__wiki, seg_ttl_enc);		// EX: /wiki/Help:A
-			fmtr_itm.Bld_bfr(bfr, dlm, href
-				// NOTE: convert underscore to space; ISSUE#:308 PAGE:en.v:Computer-aided_design/Software DATE:2018-12-23
-				, Xoa_ttl.Replace_unders(seg_ttl)
-				, Xoa_ttl.Replace_unders(seg));
+
+			// get seg and add to path
+			byte[] seg = segs[i]; // EX: "B"
+			path_bfr.Add(seg);    // EX: "Help:A/" + "B" -> "Help:A/B"
+
+			// build subpage_ttl
+			byte[] subpage_ttl_bry = path_bfr.To_bry();
+			Xoa_ttl subpage_ttl = wiki.Ttl_parse(subpage_ttl_bry);
+
+			// re-define subpage_ttl_bry to properly-case title elements; EX: "help:a/b" -> "Help:A/b"
+			subpage_ttl_bry = subpage_ttl.Full_txt_w_ttl_case();
+
+			// if page is missing, skip it; ISSUE#:626; DATE:2019-12-01
+			if (!wiki.Parser_mgr().Ifexist_mgr().Exists(wiki, subpage_ttl_bry)) continue;
+
+			// get subpage_caption; note that 1st seg is Full_url ("Help:A"), but nth is just leaf ("b", not "Help:A/b")
+			byte[] subpage_caption = (i == 0) ? subpage_ttl.Full_url() : subpage_ttl.Leaf_url();
+
+			// add to subpage trail
+			// NOTE: convert underscore to space; ISSUE#:308 PAGE:en.v:Computer-aided_design/Software DATE:2018-12-23
+			fmtr_itm.Bld_bfr(bfr, delimiter
+				, Bry_.Add(Xoh_href_.Bry__wiki, subpage_ttl.Full_url()) // EX: /wiki/Help:A
+				, Xoa_ttl.Replace_unders(subpage_ttl_bry)
+				, Xoa_ttl.Replace_unders(subpage_caption));
 		}
-		ttl_bfr.Clear();
+		path_bfr.Clear();
 	}
-	private static final    byte[] Dlm_1st = Bry_.new_a7("&lt; "), Dlm_nth = Bry_.new_a7("&lrm; | ");
+	private static final    byte[] Delimiter__1st = Bry_.new_a7("&lt; "), Delimiter__nth = Bry_.new_a7("&lrm; | ");
 	private static final    Bry_fmtr
 	  fmtr_grp = Bry_fmtr.new_(String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last
 	( "<span class=\"subpages\">~{itms}"
 	, "</span>"
 	), "itms")
 	, fmtr_itm = Bry_fmtr.new_
-	( "~{dlm}<a href=\"~{href}\" title=\"~{title}\">~{caption}</a>"
-	, "dlm", "href", "title", "caption")
+	( "~{delimiter}<a href=\"~{href}\" title=\"~{title}\">~{caption}</a>"
+	, "delimiter", "href", "title", "caption")
 	;
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/portal/Xoh_subpages_bldr_tst.java b/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/portal/Xoh_subpages_bldr_tst.java
index 25c3d1159..f8344346c 100644
--- a/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/portal/Xoh_subpages_bldr_tst.java
+++ b/400_xowa/src/gplx/xowa/htmls/portal/Xoh_subpages_bldr_tst.java
@@ -16,36 +16,68 @@ Apache License: https://github.com/gnosygnu/xowa/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE2.txt
 package gplx.xowa.htmls.portal; import gplx.*; import gplx.xowa.*; import gplx.xowa.htmls.*;
 import org.junit.*; import gplx.xowa.wikis.nss.*;
 public class Xoh_subpages_bldr_tst {
-	@Before public void init() {fxt.Init();} private Xoh_subpages_bldr_fxt fxt = new Xoh_subpages_bldr_fxt();
+	private Xoh_subpages_bldr_fxt fxt;
+	@Before public void init() {fxt = new Xoh_subpages_bldr_fxt();}
 	@Test  public void Basic() {
-		fxt.Test_bld("Help:A/B/C", String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last
+		fxt.Init__Create_pages("Help:A", "Help:A/B");
+		fxt.Test__Parse("Help:A/B/C", String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last
 		( "<span class=\"subpages\">&lt; <a href=\"/wiki/Help:A\" title=\"Help:A\">Help:A</a>&lrm; | <a href=\"/wiki/Help:A/B\" title=\"Help:A/B\">B</a>"
 		, "</span>"
 		));
 	}
 	@Test  public void Underscore_space() {// PURPOSE: convert underscore to space; ISSUE#:308 PAGE:en.v:Computer-aided_design/Software DATE:2018-12-23
-		fxt.Test_bld("Help:A_1/B_1/C_1", String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last
+		fxt.Init__Create_pages("Help:A_1", "Help:A_1/B_1");
+		fxt.Test__Parse("Help:A_1/B_1/C_1", String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last
 		( "<span class=\"subpages\">&lt; <a href=\"/wiki/Help:A_1\" title=\"Help:A 1\">Help:A 1</a>&lrm; | <a href=\"/wiki/Help:A_1/B_1\" title=\"Help:A 1/B 1\">B 1</a>"
 		, "</span>"
 		));
 	}
-	@Test  public void Skip_page() {
-		fxt.Wiki().Ns_mgr().Add_new(104, "Page");
-		fxt.Wiki().Ns_mgr().Ns_page_id_(104);
-		fxt.Test_bld("Page:A/B/C", "");
+	@Test  public void Skip_page_ns() {
+		fxt.Init__Page_ns();
+		fxt.Test__Parse("Page:A/B/C", "");
+	}
+	@Test  public void Missing_pages() { // PURPOSE: missing pages should not show up in subpages; ISSUE#:626; DATE:2019-12-01
+		fxt.Init__Create_pages("Help:A", "Help:A/B/C"); // NOTE: "Help:A/B" is missing
+		fxt.Test__Parse("Help:A/B/C/D", String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last
+		( "<span class=\"subpages\">&lt; <a href=\"/wiki/Help:A\" title=\"Help:A\">Help:A</a>&lrm; | <a href=\"/wiki/Help:A/B/C\" title=\"Help:A/B/C\">C</a>"
+		, "</span>"
+		));
+	}
+	@Test  public void Title_case_segments() { // PURPOSE: make sure ns and page_ttl is properly-cased; ISSUE#:626; DATE:2019-12-01
+		fxt.Init__Create_pages("Help:A", "Help:A/b");
+
+		/*
+		For "help:a/b"
+		* Upper-case to "Help" b/c namespaces are upper-cased
+		* Upper-case to "A" b/c Help ns automatically upper-cases all titles ("a/b" -> "A/b")
+		* Skip "b" b/c path segments are not cased ("A/b" should not be "A/B")
+		*/
+		fxt.Test__Parse("help:a/b/c", String_.Concat_lines_nl_skip_last
+		( "<span class=\"subpages\">&lt; <a href=\"/wiki/Help:A\" title=\"Help:A\">Help:A</a>&lrm; | <a href=\"/wiki/Help:A/b\" title=\"Help:A/b\">b</a>"
+		, "</span>"
+		));
 	}
 }
 class Xoh_subpages_bldr_fxt {
-	private Xoae_app app;
-	private Xoh_subpages_bldr subpages_bldr = new Xoh_subpages_bldr();
-	public Xowe_wiki Wiki() {return wiki;} private Xowe_wiki wiki;
-	public void Init() {
+	private final    Xoae_app app;
+	private final    Xowe_wiki wiki;
+	private final    Xoh_subpages_bldr subpages_bldr = new Xoh_subpages_bldr();
+	public Xoh_subpages_bldr_fxt() {
 		this.app = Xoa_app_fxt.Make__app__edit();
 		this.wiki = Xoa_app_fxt.Make__wiki__edit(app);
 		wiki.Ns_mgr().Ids_get_or_null(Xow_ns_.Tid__help).Subpages_enabled_(true);
 	}
-	public void Test_bld(String ttl_str, String expd) {
-		byte[] actl = subpages_bldr.Bld(wiki.Ns_mgr(), Xoa_ttl.Parse(wiki, Bry_.new_u8(ttl_str)));
+	public void Init__Page_ns() {
+		wiki.Ns_mgr().Add_new(104, "Page");
+		wiki.Ns_mgr().Ns_page_id_(104);
+	}
+	public void Init__Create_pages(String... pages) {
+		for (String page : pages) {
+			Xop_fxt.Init_page_create_static(wiki, page, page);
+		}
+	}
+	public void Test__Parse(String ttl_str, String expd) {
+		byte[] actl = subpages_bldr.Bld(wiki, Xoa_ttl.Parse(wiki, Bry_.new_u8(ttl_str)));
 		Tfds.Eq_str_lines(expd, String_.new_u8(actl));
 	}
 }